American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy最新文献

{"title":"Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Promotes Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase Expression Contributes to Development of Allergic Rhinitis.","authors":"Yun Liao, Xiwen Zhang, Shuang Tao, Shiqi Wang, Qinmiao Huang, Ping Tang, Aifa Tang, Pingchang Yang, Gui Yang","doi":"10.1177/19458924241269686","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19458924241269686","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Th2 cell polarization is a crucial factor in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases. The underlying mechanism requires further investigation. Telomerase has an immune-regulating ability. The aim of this study is to elucidate the association between telomerase and Th2 cell polarization in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>CD4⁺ T cells were isolated from blood samples collected from AR patients and healthy control subjects. RNA sequencing was employed to analyze RNA samples extracted from CD4⁺ T cells. An AR mouse model was established using the ovalbumin-alum protocol.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>High telomerase gene activity and high endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress status were observed in CD4⁺ T-cells in patients with AR. Positive correlation between the telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) gene expression in CD4⁺ T cells and AR response in patients with AR. TERT facilitated the degradation of Foxp3 proteins in CD4⁺ T cells, resulting in the polarization of Th2 cells. Sensitization with the ovalbumin-alum protocol enhanced the <i>Tert</i> expression in CD4⁺ T cells by exacerbating ER stress. Conditional inhibition of the <i>Tert</i> or eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-α <i>(Eif2a)</i> expression in CD4⁺ T cells effectively attenuated experimental AR in mice.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Elevated amounts of telomerase in CD4⁺ T cells were found in CD4⁺ T cells of subjects with AR. Telomerase promoted Th2 cell polarization by inducing Foxp3 protein degradation and promotes GATA3 activation. Inhibition of TERT or eIF2a alleviated experimental AR.</p>","PeriodicalId":7650,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141878226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Effectiveness of Dupilumab Versus Sinus Surgery for Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Polyps: Systematic Review and a Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Do Hyun Kim, Gulnaz Stybayeva, Se Hwan Hwang","doi":"10.1177/19458924241272978","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19458924241272978","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Current treatment paradigms recommend surgical intervention when conventional medical management proves ineffective in resolving chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To assess and compare the efficacy of dupilumab and functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) for the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyp (CRSwNP) over time.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Studies comparing CRSwNP patients who received dupilumab with those who underwent FESS were included. Outcome measures included the nasal congestion score (NCS), Sino-nasal Outcome Test-22 (SNOT-22), University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test-40 (UPSIT-40), and nasal polyp score (NPS). The risk of bias was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 4 studies with 724 participants were included. The dupilumab group had a superior NCS, but an inferior NPS, compared to the FESS group during the follow-up period. The SNOT-22 score of the dupilumab group was inferior to that of the FESS group until 6 months posttreatment, but the scores were similar at around 1 year. A similar trend was observed for the UPSIT-40 score, but the score of the dupilumab group was higher at around 1 year.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Functional endoscopic sinus surgery was more effective than dupilumab for several months after treatment. However, at 1 year after treatment, the effects of the 2 treatments became similar, with greater olfactory improvement seen in the dupilumab group.</p>","PeriodicalId":7650,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141987253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Malvidin From <i>Malva sylvestris L.</i> Ameliorates Allergic Responses in Ovalbumin-Induced Allergic Rhinitis Mouse Model via the STAT6/GATA3 Pathway.","authors":"Luo Yirui, Li Tao, Liu Ruowu, Zhou Jiao, Zhou Jing, Xu Xiaodong, Yan Yan, Claus Bachert, Du Jintao, Ba Luo","doi":"10.1177/19458924241272944","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19458924241272944","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Malva sylvestris</i> L. (commonly known as mallow) has been widely used in traditional Tibetan formulations to treat allergic rhinitis (AR), and malvidin is a key anti-inflammation constituent of this plant.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The present study aimed to evaluate the potential therapeutic effect and mechanism of malvidin in an AR mouse model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Malvidin's efficacy was evaluated in an AR mouse model induced by ovalbumin (OVA) sensitization and challenge. The factors, such as nasal symptoms, serum OVA-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels, histological changes in the nasal mucosa, and expressions of Th1, Th2, Th17, and Tregs and their cytokines, were assessed. Western blotting was used to analyze the effect of malvidin on signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) and GATA3 expression levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Malvidin reduced the allergic symptoms and serum levels of OVA-specific IgE in the AR model. Histological analysis indicated that malvidin alleviates nasal mucosal edema, eosinophil infiltration, and goblet cell proliferation. In addition, it altered the expression of Th1/Th2/Th17-related cytokines, enhanced the Treg population, and reduced Th2-mediated immunity by suppressing the phosphorylation of STAT6 and expression of the GATA3 protein.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Malvidin significantly improved allergic symptoms in an OVA-induced AR mouse model by modulating Th1/Th2 immune responses and suppressing the STAT6/GATA3 pathway, indicating its potential as a naturally sourced agent for AR management.</p>","PeriodicalId":7650,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141970428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the Readability, Reliability, and Quality of AI-Modified and Generated Patient Education Materials for Endoscopic Skull Base Surgery.","authors":"Michael Warn, Leo L T Meller, Daniella Chan, Sina J Torabi, Benjamin F Bitner, Bobby A Tajudeen, Edward C Kuan","doi":"10.1177/19458924241273055","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19458924241273055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite National Institutes of Health and American Medical Association recommendations to publish online patient education materials at or below sixth-grade literacy, those pertaining to endoscopic skull base surgery (ESBS) have lacked readability and quality. ChatGPT is an artificial intelligence (AI) system capable of synthesizing vast internet data to generate responses to user queries but its utility in improving patient education materials has not been explored.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine the current state of readability and quality of online patient education materials and determined the utility of ChatGPT for improving articles and generating patient education materials.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An article search was performed utilizing 10 different search terms related to ESBS. The ten least readable existing patient-facing articles were modified with ChatGPT and iterative queries were used to generate an article <i>de novo</i>. The Flesch Reading Ease (FRE) and related metrics measured overall readability and content literacy level, while DISCERN assessed article reliability and quality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixty-six articles were located. ChatGPT improved FRE readability of the 10 least readable online articles (19.7 ± 4.4 vs. 56.9 ± 5.9, <i>p</i> < 0.001), from university to 10th grade level. The generated article was more readable than 48.5% of articles (38.9 vs. 39.4 ± 12.4) and higher quality than 94% (51.0 vs. 37.6 ± 6.1). 56.7% of the online articles had \"poor\" quality.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ChatGPT improves the readability of articles, though most still remain above the recommended literacy level for patient education materials. With iterative queries, ChatGPT can generate more reliable and higher quality patient education materials compared to most existing online articles and can be tailored to match readability of average online articles.</p>","PeriodicalId":7650,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142016039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intranasal Trigeminal Function in Aging Adults.","authors":"Noah Z Feit, Nicole Kloosterman, Kristina A LaPointe, Charn Pitiranggon, Isabel E Finnegan, Carter D Smith, Mathew J Gregoski, Nicholas R Rowan, Zachary M Soler, Rodney J Schlosser","doi":"10.1177/19458924241274973","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19458924241274973","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Intranasal trigeminal function is important in detecting environmental stimuli. The impact of age-associated chemosensory dysfunction upon taste and olfaction is well described, but an understanding of trigeminal loss (chemesthesis) is lacking.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The goal of this study was to characterize trigeminal function in a cohort of older adults and explore potential impacts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-eight participants over 50 years of age were recruited from the community as part of an aging cohort study. This nested cohort completed chemosensory questionnaires, patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), and psychophysical testing for taste (taste strips), olfaction (Sniffin' Sticks), and trigeminal function (eucalyptol lateralization). Data were analyzed for associations between trigeminal function, olfactory, and taste psychophysical performance, patient-reported metrics, and demographic risk factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patient-reported trigeminal impairment is less severe than other chemosensory loss, with mean visual analog scores (VAS, rated 0-100 from least to most severe) for smell (32.9 ± 34.2), taste (20.6 ± 28.4), and trigeminal sensation (9.5 ± 12.8). Despite low VAS scores, psychophysical trigeminal dysfunction was present in 10 (35.7%) subjects. Psychophysical olfactory and taste dysfunction were present in 16 (57.1%) and eight (28.6%) participants respectively. Hypercholesterolemia was associated with psychophysical trigeminal dysfunction (mean lateralization performance in hypercholesterolemia 57.7% ± 17.1 vs. 74.1% ± 10.4, <i>p</i> = .008).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Intranasal trigeminal impairment is present in nearly one-third of aging adults when assessed by psychophysical methods but is under-recognized. Hyperlipidemia may be associated with trigeminal impairment. Future inquiries should better characterize these findings in larger and prospective cohorts.</p>","PeriodicalId":7650,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142016040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Evaluation Value of the Modified Lund-Kennedy Nasal Endoscopy Score on the Efficacy of Sublingual Immunotherapy for Allergic Rhinitis.","authors":"Yinglong Zhang, Hong Jiang, Yu Long, Jie Li","doi":"10.1177/19458924241269786","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19458924241269786","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a growing public health problem worldwide. Respecting the significance of the modified Lund-Kennedy (MLK) score in rhinitis assessment, we delved into its evaluation value on the sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) efficacy in AR patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Totally 100 AR patients were enrolled, with pre- and post-SLIT MLK score, total nasal symptoms score (TNSS), total medication score (TMS), visual analogue scale (VAS), inflammatory cytokines, and immune function-related parameters compared. The correlations of MLK score with TNSS/TMS/VAS, as well as with IL-4/INF-γ/eosinophil (EOS)/percentage/specific immunoglobulin (sIgE)/sIgG were assessed by Spearman correlation analysis. The value of MLK score on assessing SLIT efficacy in AR patients was analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SLIT treatment reduced MLK/TNSS/TMS/VAS scores, abated IL-4 level/EOS percentage/sIgE, and elevated INF-γ/sIgG levels. MLK score was positively correlated with pre- and post-SLIT TNSS score (r_{pre-treatment}= 0.592, r_{post-treatment}= 0.756), TMS score (r_{pre-treatment}= 0.385, r_{post-treatment}= 0.718), VAS score (r_{pre-treatment}= 0.369, r_{post-treatment}= 0.704), IL-4 (r_{pre-treatment}= 0.553, r_{post-treatment}= 0.639), EOS percentage (r_{pre-treatment}= 0.511, r_{post-treatment}= 0.632), and sIgE (r_{pre-treatment}= 0.472, r_{post-treatment}= 0.524), and negatively with INF-γ (r_{pre-treatment}= -0.418, r_{post-treatment}= -0.578) and sIgG4 (r_{pre-treatment}= -0.460, r_{post-treatment}= -0.613). The MLK score had an area under curve of 0.846 (77.01% sensitivity, 76.92% specificity, 4 cut-off value) and 0.944 (91.67% sensitivity, 92.11% specificity, 2 cut-off value) for assessing SLIT treatment as effective and markedly effective for the patients, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The MLK score had good evaluation value on the efficacy of SLIT treatment in AR patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":7650,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141995113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors for Development of Chronic Rhinosinusitis in Transplant Recipients.","authors":"Estephania Candelo, Anyull D Bohorquez-Caballero, Karol Avila-Castano, Lydia A Mercado, Angela Donaldson","doi":"10.1177/19458924241272990","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19458924241272990","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Studies suggest that transplant patients are at a higher risk of developing chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). However, there is a dearth of studies describing the factors that may be linked to the development of CRS in this population. Our objective is to identify the risk factors associated with the development of CRS in transplant recipients.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Retrospective cohort.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Tertiary care center.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cohort included 3347 transplant recipients seen between 2017 and 2022. Of these, 2128 patients met the inclusion criteria and were grouped according to whether they were diagnosed with CRS during the post-transplant period. The analysis included both univariate and multivariate analysis to ascertain the odds ratio (OR) and predictive factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 2128 patients, 649/2128 (30.4%) had CRS. CRS patients had an increased prevalence of previous endoscopic sinus surgery, allergic rhinitis, and recurrent acute rhinosinusitis in the pre-transplant period compared to the non-CRS group. According to the multivariate analysis, patients with primary immunodeficiency and additional transplant were 1.9 and 3.1 times more likely to develop CRS during the posttransplant period (95% CI: 1.3-2.6, <i>p</i> < .0001), (95% CI: 1.3 -7.3, <i>p</i> = .01), respectively. Sirolimus use was also associated with the development of CRS (OR = 1.4, 95% CI: 1.1-1.9, <i>p</i> = .01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study is the largest cohort aimed at determining the predictive factors associated with the development of CRS. Patients with pretransplant rhinologic conditions, hematologic deficiencies, and the utilization of specific immunosuppressants were found to have a higher likelihood of developing CRS following transplantation.</p>","PeriodicalId":7650,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142054697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation of an Optimized Preoperative Checklist for Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Within a Multiinstitutional Resident Education Curriculum.","authors":"Stephen Leong, Thomas Scharfenberger, Nathan Yang, Amrita Ray, Nadeem Akbar, Patrick M Colley, Anthony Del Signore, Jean Anderson Eloy, Satish Govindaraj, David Gudis, Samuel Helman, Wayne Hsueh, Alfred-Marc Iloreta, Ashutosh Kacker, Seth M Lieberman, Aaron N Pearlman, Madeleine R Schaberg, Abtin A Tabaee, Jonathan B Overdevest","doi":"10.1177/19458924241291289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19458924241291289","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Preoperative review of computed tomography (CT) imaging assists with endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) planning, where trainees may benefit from a systematic approach. We have previously developed an optimized preoperative checklist for sinus CT imaging using an iterative modified Delphi method.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>In this study, we assess the utility of an optimized preoperative checklist for residents performing ESS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Resident sinus CT scan education consisted of a preintervention questionnaire, an 18-min video outlining the optimized preoperative checklist, and a delayed postintervention questionnaire; these were distributed via Qualtrics to otolaryngology residents across 5 training programs in the NY metro area. The preintervention questionnaire contained 25 survey questions and a 225-point quiz on sinus CT anatomy; the delayed postintervention questionnaire contained the same 25 survey questions and a second, distinct 225-point quiz.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 74 residents completed the preintervention questionnaire, 47 completed the postintervention questionnaire, and 36 completed both. Among residents completing both questionnaires, the average preintervention quiz score was 136.8 ± 24.0 and the average postintervention quiz score was 156.0 ± 23.5 (<i>P</i> < .001). Resident habitual utilization of a systematic preoperative CT imaging checklist increased significantly from 21.6% to 72.9% as a result of the curriculum intervention.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We find that an educational program centered on an iteratively optimized preoperative checklist for ESS improves the ability of trainees to identify critical sinus CT structures. Further integration of checklists and educational curricula may enhance rhinology education efforts and improve surgical anatomy competency.</p>","PeriodicalId":7650,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142543049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soluble Guanylate Cyclase Dysfunction and Nitric Oxide Pathway in Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps: Predictive Markers for Postoperative Recurrence.","authors":"Sijie Jiang Md, Caixia Zhang Md, Zongjing Tong Md, Shaobing Xie PhD, Zhihai Xie Md, Hua Zhang Md, Weihong Jiang Md","doi":"10.1177/19458924241289645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19458924241289645","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Elevated nitric oxide (NO) levels have been linked to a heightened risk of recurrence in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). However, the precise influence of NO on CRSwNP recurrence remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study seeks to elucidate the relationship between NO levels and the risk of CRSwNP recurrence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A protein chip array analysis was conducted to identify differentially expressed inflammatory mediators in the nasal tissues between patients with CRSwNP and healthy controls (HC). Differentially expressed proteins were analyzed, and bioinformatics analysis was used to predict the potential functions and pathways of these proteins. Western blotting (WB) and immunohistochemistry were employed to validate the candidate proteins in 2 independent cohorts. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves were employed to assess the abilities of target proteins for predicting the postoperative recurrence of CRSwNP.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twelve differentially expressed proteins were identified between the CRSwNP and HC groups. Notably, differentially expressed proteins exhibited high expression of the biological process term \"positive regulation of nitric oxide-mediated signal transduction\" (<i>P</i> < .05). WB and immunohistochemistry results demonstrated that guanylate cyclase 1 soluble subunit alpha 1 (GUCY1A1), GUCY1A2, nitric oxide synthase 1 adaptor protein, epidermal growth factor receptor, and insulin were found to be upregulated in the CRSwNP group compared to the HC group (<i>P</i> < .05). Moreover, elevated levels of GUCY1A2 and GUCY1A1 were observed to be associated with an increased risk of CRSwNP recurrence (<i>P</i> < .05), and ROC curve analysis confirmed their effectiveness as predictors for postoperative recurrence (<i>P</i> < .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings revealed that CRSwNP exhibited a distinct tissue protein profile, with soluble guanylate cyclase dysfunction and the nitric oxide pathway implicated in the underlying pathological mechanisms. The discovery-validation results suggested that GUCY1A1 and GUCY1A2 were promising predictors for postoperative recurrence in patients with CRSwNP.</p>","PeriodicalId":7650,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142543050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cribriform Plate Foramina Count in Patients With Acquired and Congenital Anosmia.","authors":"Jerry Hadi Juratli, Brigit High, Akshita Joshi, Eren Yilmaz, Duzgun Yildirim, Aytug Altundag, Thomas Hummel","doi":"10.1177/19458924241288664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19458924241288664","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cribriform foramina provide the openings for olfactory nerve fibers to cross from the nasal cavity to the olfactory bulb. Disruption of the olfactory nerve fibers is known to affect olfactory function, but little is known about the potential effects on the number of cribriform foramina in congenital anosmia.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This pilot study aimed to investigate whether there was a reduction in foramina in patients with acquired and congenital anosmia (including both Kallmann syndrome and isolated congenital anosmia) compared to controls with normal olfactory function.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Paranasal CT image stacks were analyzed from 20 patients with congenital anosmia (<i>n</i> = 6), acquired anosmia (<i>n</i> = 6), or normal olfactory function (<i>n</i> = 8). Cribriform foramina were counted by three observers from the slice revealing the crista galli and the ethmoidal slits. The two closest values for each subject were analyzed in comparison across the three groups using one-way analysis of variance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with congenital, but not acquired, anosmia had significantly fewer cribriform foramina (x̄ ± SE = 10.17 ± 1.23) compared to healthy, normosmic controls (x̄ ± SE = 19.88 ± 2.01). There was no significant difference in foramina count between congenital and acquired anosmics (x̄ ± SE = 15.83 ± 3.47).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this pilot study, a reduced number of cribriform foramina was found in individuals with congenital anosmia. Examination of cribriform foramina could be helpful in counseling patients with olfactory loss. Further investigation in larger studies with additional cohorts is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":7650,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142455959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}