American journal of public health最新文献_第8页

Preventing Real-World Pediatric Vehicular Heatstroke Events With Technology. 用技术预防现实世界儿童车辆中暑事件。

IF 12.7 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2025-06-18 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2025.308109

Jalaj Maheshwari,Emma Sartin,Gregory Chingas,Kristy B Arbogast

{"title":"Preventing Real-World Pediatric Vehicular Heatstroke Events With Technology.","authors":"Jalaj Maheshwari,Emma Sartin,Gregory Chingas,Kristy B Arbogast","doi":"10.2105/ajph.2025.308109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2025.308109","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives. To determine if currently available technologies can prevent real-world pediatric vehicular heatstroke cases. Methods. We systematically reviewed cases of children dying in hot vehicles to identify \"exemplar\" scenarios. Exemplar events were defined as cases that were distinct from others based on characteristics of the child, caregiver, and the setting or context in which the event occurred. We then determined whether available detection, alerting, and intervention technologies would have functioned as intended in each scenario. Results. We identified 10 exemplar cases. Technologies' effectiveness varied drastically; some would have functioned as intended in all exemplar cases, and others in only 1 or 2. No single technology by itself could have prevented all deaths. Conclusions. A combination of vehicle technologies is needed to reduce cases of pediatric vehicular heatstroke. Public Health Implications. The Hot Cars Act (2021) mandates that vehicles have child safety alert systems in 2025. However, it does not provide any specific guidelines to manufacturers about which technologies should be used. Our results highlight technologies that may be most effective in preventing pediatric vehicular heatstroke and underscore the importance of utilizing multiple features in tandem. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print June 18, 2025:e1-e5. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2025.308109).","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":"600 1","pages":"e1-e5"},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144319872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

African Immigrants and the End of the HIV Epidemic in the United States: Actionable Recommendations to Enhance Equity. 非洲移民与美国艾滋病毒流行病的终结：加强公平的可操作建议。

IF 12.7 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2025-06-18 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2025.308160

Gloria Aidoo-Frimpong,Emmanuel Koku,Nipher Malika,Chioma Nnaji,Roxanne Kerani

{"title":"African Immigrants and the End of the HIV Epidemic in the United States: Actionable Recommendations to Enhance Equity.","authors":"Gloria Aidoo-Frimpong,Emmanuel Koku,Nipher Malika,Chioma Nnaji,Roxanne Kerani","doi":"10.2105/ajph.2025.308160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2025.308160","url":null,"abstract":"African immigrants in the United States are disproportionately affected by HIV yet remain overlooked in public health strategies such as the Ending the HIV Epidemic (EHE) initiative. Many reside in EHE-prioritized counties, but their categorization under the broad \"Black/African American\" label obscures their distinct pathways to HIV acquisition and barriers to care. We explore how African immigrants can be more effectively prioritized in the EHE framework. We examine key challenges, including stigma, cultural and linguistic barriers, and structural inequities, that limit access to prevention and treatment services. Additionally, sociocultural factors, such as traditional health beliefs and immigration-related stressors, exacerbate these barriers. We propose actionable strategies to address these gaps, including disaggregated data collection, culturally tailored interventions, and partnerships with African immigrant communities. By aligning EHE efforts with the unique needs of this population, public health strategies can better address disparities and advance equity in the fight to end the HIV epidemic. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print June 18, 2025:e1-e10. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2025.308160).","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":"44 1","pages":"e1-e10"},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144319927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Self-Managed Medication Abortion: History, Evidence, Models of Care, and Policy Considerations. 自我管理药物流产：历史、证据、护理模式和政策考虑。

IF 12.7 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2025-06-18 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2025.308133

Laura E Jacobson,Caitlin Gerdts

{"title":"Self-Managed Medication Abortion: History, Evidence, Models of Care, and Policy Considerations.","authors":"Laura E Jacobson,Caitlin Gerdts","doi":"10.2105/ajph.2025.308133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2025.308133","url":null,"abstract":"Self-managed abortion (SMA) represents a significant shift in the abortion landscape, offering an alternative to facility-based care via the medication misoprostol with or without mifepristone. The World Health Organization recommends SMA with medications as safe and effective up to 12 weeks' gestation and with access to information and health system referrals. Increasing prevalence of SMA can be attributed to a range of factors, including legal and logistical barriers to facility-based care as well as a social movement advocating autonomy and demedicalized practices in the United States, particularly after the US Supreme Court decided Dobbs v Jackson Women's Health Org., 597 US (2022). We document the history, safety and effectiveness, measurement challenges, and models of SMA care and review ongoing legal and policy challenges. Despite its clinical and practical advantages, SMA exists in a complex policy environment that hinders access to safe abortion. Evidence from diverse regions demonstrates the potential for SMA to expand access, especially where care is limited or restricted. As research affirms the safety of SMA, including later in pregnancy, it remains vital to protect and expand access to abortion medications, without threat of criminalization, to ensure that individuals can exercise their reproductive rights and autonomy. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print June 18, 2025:e1-e8. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2025.308133).","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":"44 1","pages":"e1-e8"},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144320300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Crisis Pregnancy Centers in the United States: Post-Dobbs Characteristics and Changes. 美国危机怀孕中心：后多布斯的特点和变化。

IF 12.7 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2025.308055

Danielle N Lambert,Nicole Luisi,Erin R Johnson,Rachel Baugh,Andrea Swartzendruber

{"title":"Crisis Pregnancy Centers in the United States: Post-Dobbs Characteristics and Changes.","authors":"Danielle N Lambert,Nicole Luisi,Erin R Johnson,Rachel Baugh,Andrea Swartzendruber","doi":"10.2105/ajph.2025.308055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2025.308055","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. To enumerate crisis pregnancy centers (CPCs) in the United States in 2024 and examine changes before and after Dobbs v Jackson Women's Health Organization and associations with selected state characteristics. Methods. Repeated cross-sectional analyses used CPC Map data to describe the number of CPCs in the United States after Dobbs and examine changes since 2021. We used negative binomial models to compare CPC counts by selected state characteristics. Results. In 2024, 2633 CPCs operated in the United States, a 3.3% increase from 2021. Nationally, 71.7% offered nondiagnostic ultrasounds, 28.0% advertised sexually transmitted infection (STI) testing, 17.2% STI treatment, 6.8% HIV testing, and 3.8% unproven \"abortion reversal\" on-site. The total count of CPCs in 2024 was 230% greater in states with a grant program (95% confidence interval [CI] = 148%, 357%; P < .001), and the rate of newly identified and re-opened CPCs was 1.81 times (95% CI = 1.15, 2.84; P = .010) greater, adjusting for CPCs in 2021. Conclusions. Despite being largely unregulated and failing to adhere to medical and ethical practice standards, CPCs proliferated and posed risk nationally, particularly in states with CPC grant programs. Health professionals should educate themselves and their communities about local CPCs and risks. (Am J Public Health. 2025;115(6):924-935. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2025.308055).","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":"10 1","pages":"924-935"},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143982406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

What Can Be Done About the Global Far Right's Threat to Health? 如何应对全球极右翼对健康的威胁？

IF 12.7 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2025.308128

Scott L Greer

引用次数: 0

Notes From the Field: An Article Format Appropriate for the Current Times. 现场笔记：适合当前时代的文章格式。

IF 12.7 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2025.308121

Robert J Kim-Farley

引用次数: 0

Medicaid Expansion and US Mortality Rates During the COVID-19 Pandemic, 2018-2022. 2018-2022年COVID-19大流行期间医疗补助扩张和美国死亡率

IF 9.6 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-03 DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2025.308045

Xuesong Han, Kewei Sylvia Shi, Qinjin Fan, Parichoy Pal Choudhury, Xin Hu, K Robin Yabroff

{"title":"Medicaid Expansion and US Mortality Rates During the COVID-19 Pandemic, 2018-2022.","authors":"Xuesong Han, Kewei Sylvia Shi, Qinjin Fan, Parichoy Pal Choudhury, Xin Hu, K Robin Yabroff","doi":"10.2105/AJPH.2025.308045","DOIUrl":"10.2105/AJPH.2025.308045","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives. To examine the association of state Medicaid expansion status with mortality changes during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. Methods. Deaths among individuals 20 to 64 years of age in 3142 counties were identified from 2018 to 2022 mortality surveillance data. Age-adjusted mortality rates were calculated for each county and by cause of death. Changes in mortality rates before and after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic (2018-2019 vs 2021-2022) in Medicaid expansion states relative to nonexpansion states were calculated after adjustment for county sociodemographic factors and state COVID-19 vaccination rates. Results. All-cause mortality rates increased in 2020-2021 nationwide and decreased slightly in 2022. Overall, the increase was slower in Medicaid expansion states, leading to a net decrease of 31.8 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 20.9, 42.8) deaths per 100 000 person-years associated with Medicaid expansion from 2018-2019 to 2021-2022. The decrease was largest for deaths from heart disease and liver disease and was observed across subpopulations stratified by sex, age, and race. Conclusions. Increases in mortality rates were slower in Medicaid expansion states than in nonexpansion states during the COVID-19 public health emergency, suggesting a protective effect of Medicaid expansion on population health during the pandemic. (Am J Public Health. 2025;115(6):890-899. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2025.308045).","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"890-899"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12080440/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143778776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lessons in Grief: Public Health and Healing in Community. 悲伤的教训：公共卫生和社区治疗。

IF 12.7 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2024.307955

Lucy Tu

引用次数: 0

The Far Right, Authoritarian Power, and Public Health. 极右翼、专制权力和公共卫生。

IF 12.7 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2025.308123

Kenneth Rochel de Camargo

引用次数: 0

Whose Democracy, and Whose Public Health? 谁的民主，谁的公共卫生？