American journal of public health最新文献

{"title":"Preinjury and Event-Related Characteristics of Pediatric Firearm Injuries: The American College of Surgeons Firearm Study, United States, March 2021‒February 2022.","authors":"Katherine T Flynn-O'Brien, Chethan Sathya, Meera Kotagal, Samantha Banks, Lauren L Agoubi, Deborah A Kuhls, Avery Nathens, Ashley B Hink, Frederick P Rivara","doi":"10.2105/AJPH.2024.307754","DOIUrl":"10.2105/AJPH.2024.307754","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives.</b> To assess differences in contextual factors by intent among pediatric firearm injury patients and determine factors associated with data missingness. <b>Methods.</b> We retrospectively queried the American College of Surgeons Firearm Study database (March 1, 2021-February 28, 2022) for patients aged 18 years or younger. We stratified preinjury, firearm-related, and event-related factors by intent and compared them by using Fisher exact, χ², or 1-way analysis of variance testing. Secondary analysis estimated the adjusted odds of missingness by using generalized linear modeling with binominal logit link. <b>Results.</b> Among 17 395 patients, 2974 (17.1%) were aged 18 years or younger; 1966 (66.1%) were injured by assault, 579 (19.5%) unintentionally, and 76 (2.6%) by self-inflicted means. Most contextual factors differed by intent, including proportion of youths with previous adverse childhood experiences, mental illness, and violent assaults or injury, firearm type and access, perpetrator relationship, and injury location. In adjusted analyses, age, trauma center designation, intent, and admission status were associated with missingness. <b>Conclusions.</b> Contextual factors related to pediatric firearm injury vary by intent. Specific predictors associated with missingness may inform improved future data collection. <b>Public Health Implications.</b> Contextual factors related to pediatric firearm injury can be obtained in a systematic manner nationally to inform targeted interventions. (<i>Am J Public Health</i>. 2024;114(10):1097-1109. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2024.307754).</p>","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"1097-1109"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11375371/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141987252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Rhode Island's Early Geographic COVID-19 Vaccine Prioritization Policy.","authors":"Taylor M Fortnam, Laura C Chambers, Alyssa Bilinski, Roberta DeVito, Lisa Gargano, Michelle Wilson, Joseph W Hogan","doi":"10.2105/AJPH.2024.307741","DOIUrl":"10.2105/AJPH.2024.307741","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives.</b> To determine whether geographic prioritization of limited COVID-19 vaccine supply was effective for reducing geographic disparities in case rates. <b>Methods.</b> Rhode Island allocated a portion of the initial COVID-19 vaccine supply to residents of Central Falls, a community already affected by structural policies and inadequate systems that perpetuate health inequities and experiencing disproportionately high COVID-19 morbidity and mortality. The policy was implemented with a culturally and linguistically appropriate community engagement plan and was intended to reduce observed disparities. Using a Bayesian causal analysis with population surveillance data, we evaluated the impact of this prioritization policy on recorded cases over the subsequent 16 weeks. <b>Results.</b> Early geographic prioritization of Central Falls accelerated vaccine uptake, averting an estimated 520 cases (95% confidence interval = 22, 1418) over 16 weeks and reducing cases by approximately 34% during this period (520 averted vs 1519 expected without early prioritization). <b>Conclusions.</b> Early geographic prioritization increased vaccine uptake and reduced cases in Central Falls, thereby reducing geographic disparities. <b>Public Health Implications.</b> Public health institutions should consider geographic prioritization of limited vaccine supply to reduce geographic disparities in case rates. (<i>Am J Public Health</i>. 2024;114(S7):S580-S589. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2024.307741).</p>","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"S580-S589"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11424999/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142085908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Local Health Equity Action Teams (LHEATS) as a Novel and Emerging Practice of the Communities Organizing to Promote Equity (COPE) Project in Kansas.","authors":"Sarah Finocchario-Kessler, Christina Pacheco, Emily Morrow, Kristina Bridges, Elizabeth Ablah, Vicki Collie-Akers, K Allen Greiner, Kara Knapp, Allison Honn, Jody Love, Nadine Long, Clarissa Carrillo, Tatiana Darby, Antonio Miras Neira, Angela Scott, Mariana Ramírez, Yvonnes Chen, Daniel J Parente, Joseph W LeMaster, Erin Corriveau, Jennifer Woodward, Sharon Fitzgerald Wolff, Mary Ricketts, Edward F Ellerbeck","doi":"10.2105/AJPH.2024.307802","DOIUrl":"10.2105/AJPH.2024.307802","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Communities Organizing to Promote Equity (COPE) Project was implemented in 20 counties across Kansas to build capacity to address health equity by forming local health equity action teams (LHEATS), hiring and training community health workers, facilitating state-wide learning collaboratives, and tailoring communication strategies. We conducted interviews and focus groups with project stakeholders who identified pragmatic recommendations related to LHEAT formation and leadership, establishing trust, nurturing autonomy, and optimizing impact. Insights can improve future community-based health equity efforts. (<i>Am J Public Health</i>. 2024;114(S7):S570-S574. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2024.307802).</p>","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"S570-S574"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11425012/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142085911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the Post-<i>Dobbs</i> Landscape for Abortion Care in the United States.","authors":"Farzana Kapadia, Laura Ferguson, Wendy E Parmet","doi":"10.2105/AJPH.2024.307827","DOIUrl":"10.2105/AJPH.2024.307827","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":"114 10","pages":"994-996"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11375368/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142131637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Collective Persistence, Care, and Advocacy Amid Repeated Attacks on Reproductive Freedom.","authors":"Whitney S Rice, Sophie A Hartwig, Hayley V McMahon, Crista Irwin, Nicole Quinones, Sara K Redd, Katherine A Singh","doi":"10.2105/AJPH.2024.307810","DOIUrl":"10.2105/AJPH.2024.307810","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"1000-1002"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11375361/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141987249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in Drug Overdose Deaths by Intent and Drug Categories, United States, 1999‒2022.","authors":"Anallely Nguyen, Jing Wang, Kristin M Holland, Daniel C Ehlman, Laura E Welder, Kimberly D Miller, Deborah M Stone","doi":"10.2105/AJPH.2024.307745","DOIUrl":"10.2105/AJPH.2024.307745","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives.</b> To examine trends in overdose deaths by intent and drug category to better understand the recent decrease in overdose suicides amid the overdose epidemic. <b>Methods.</b> We examined trends in rates of overdose deaths by intent (unintentional, suicide, or undetermined) across 9 drug categories from 1999 to 2022 using US National Vital Statistics System mortality data. <b>Results.</b> Unintentional overdoses involving synthetic opioids, polydrug toxicity involving synthetic opioids, psychostimulants, and cocaine increased exponentially with annual percentage changes ranging from 15.0% to 104.9% during 2010 to 2022. The death rates also increased for suicides involving these drugs, especially for psychostimulants (annual percentage change = 12.9% for 2010-2022; <i>P</i> < .001). However, these drugs accounted for relatively small percentages of overdose suicides. The leading drug categories among suicides were antidepressants, prescription opioids, and benzodiazepines, though these deaths have decreased or leveled off in recent years. <b>Conclusions.</b> Different drugs commonly involved in suicides and unintentional overdoses may contribute to their divergent trends. <b>Public Health Implications.</b> Amid the overdose epidemic, safe storage of medications remains a crucial strategy to prevent overdose suicides. The large increases in suicides involving psychostimulants warrant monitoring. (<i>Am J Public Health</i>. 2024;114(10):1081-1085. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2024.307745).</p>","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"1081-1085"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11375372/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141905609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community-Engaged Survey Approach to Pandemic Impacts on Marginalized Communities, Massachusetts, 2020-2021.","authors":"Lauren F Cardoso, Ta-Wei Lin, Justine Egan, Caroline Stack, Sabrina Selk, Elizabeth Beatriz, Ben Wood, Glory Song, Kathleen Fitzsimmons, Emily Sparer-Fine, Abigail Atkins, W W Sanouri Ursprung","doi":"10.2105/AJPH.2024.307800","DOIUrl":"10.2105/AJPH.2024.307800","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives.</b> To describe how an innovative, community-engaged survey illuminated previously unmeasured pandemic inequities and informed health equity investments. <b>Methods.</b> The methodological approach of Massachusetts' COVID-19 Community Impact Survey, a cross-sectional online survey, was driven by key health equity principles: prioritizing community engagement, gathering granular and intersectional data, capturing root causes, elevating community voices, expediting analysis for timeliness, and creating data-to-action pathways. Data collection was deployed statewide in 11 languages from 2020 to 2021. <b>Results.</b> The embedded equity principles resulted in a rich data set and enabled analyses of populations previously undescribed. The final sample included 33 800 respondents including unprecedented numbers of populations underrepresented in traditional data sources. Analyses indicated that pandemic impacts related to basic needs, discrimination, health care access, workplace protections, employment, and mental health disproportionately affected these priority populations, which included Asian American/Pacific Islanders and parents. <b>Conclusions.</b> Equity-centered data approaches allow for analyses of populations previously invisible in surveillance data, enable more equitable public health action, and are both possible and necessary to deploy in state health departments. (<i>Am J Public Health</i>. 2024;114(S7):S599-S609. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2024.307800).</p>","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"S599-S609"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11425014/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142085905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Equitable COVID-19 Testing Access for Underserved Communities: The Success of Vending Machines.","authors":"Danielle Jamerson, Kimberly Franich, Cassius Lockett","doi":"10.2105/AJPH.2024.307718","DOIUrl":"10.2105/AJPH.2024.307718","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examines the pivotal role of COVID-19 testing in mitigating disease spread, particularly in underserved rural communities facing health care access challenges. The Southern Nevada Health District successfully implemented a vending program in Clark County, offering free COVID-19 antigen test kits. Strategically located based on health equity indices and featuring a user-friendly, multilingual registration process, these machines proved effective in reaching rural populations. The cost-effective model suggests potential adoption for broader public health interventions and services in other regions. (<i>Am J Public Health</i>. 2024;114(S7):S558-S561. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2024.307718).</p>","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"S558-S561"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11425010/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142085906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating County Health Department Infrastructure Changes Intended to Improve Access to Federal Funding for Community-Based Organizations, Maricopa County, Arizona.","authors":"Emily Peterson Johnson, Jessica Cargill, Erin Appelt, Alexis Arlak, Rachelle Johnsson Chiang","doi":"10.2105/AJPH.2024.307740","DOIUrl":"10.2105/AJPH.2024.307740","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In 2021, the Maricopa County Department of Public Health in Maricopa County, Arizona, modified its subcontracting process to engage more community-based organizations that serve populations disproportionately affected by COVID-19. The change allowed subrecipients to receive 40% of grant funding up front. An evaluation found that providing up-front funding engaged smaller-budget organizations. However, factors such as administrative requirements and formal policies associated with government partnerships limited the perceived benefits of up-front funding. These findings are relevant for entities seeking to improve access to federal funding. (<i>Am J Public Health</i>. 2024;114(S7):S562-S565. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2024.307740).</p>","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"S562-S565"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11425013/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142085907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interventions to Mitigate the Impact of COVID-19 Among People Experiencing Sheltered Homelessness: Chicago, Illinois, March 1, 2020-May 11, 2023.","authors":"Lauren Tietje, Isaac Ghinai, Antea Cooper, Elizabeth L Tung, Brian Borah, Michelle Funk, Divya Ramachandran, Ben Gerber, Bernice Man, Rebecca Singer, Elizabeth Bell, Angela Moss, Andrew Weidemiller, Mehreen Chaudhry, Frances Lendacki, Rachel Bernard, Stephanie Gretsch, Kayla English, Thomas D Huggett, Mary Tornabene, Caroline Cool, Wayne M Detmer, Mary Kate Schroeter, Stockton Mayer, Elizabeth Davis, Josh Boegner, Erik Elias Glenn, Gregory Phillips, Suzanne Falck, Lindsay Barranco, Karrie-Ann Toews","doi":"10.2105/AJPH.2024.307801","DOIUrl":"10.2105/AJPH.2024.307801","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives.</b> To compare the incidence, case-hospitalization rates, and vaccination rates of COVID-19 between people experiencing sheltered homelessness (PESH) and the broader community in Chicago, Illinois, and describe the impact of a whole community approach to disease mitigation during the public health emergency. <b>Methods.</b> Incidence of COVID-19 among PESH was compared with community-wide incidence using case-based surveillance data from March 1, 2020, to May 11, 2023. Seven-day rolling means of COVID-19 incidence were assessed for the overall study period and for each of 6 distinct waves of COVID-19 transmission. <b>Results.</b> A total of 774 009 cases of COVID-19 were detected: 2579 among PESH and 771 430 in the broader community. Incidence and hospitalization rates per 100 000 in PESH were more than 5 times higher (99.84 vs 13.94 and 16.88 vs 2.14) than the community at large in wave 1 (March 1, 2020-October 3, 2020). This difference decreased through wave 3 (March 7, 2021-June 26, 2021), with PESH having a lower incidence rate per 100 000 than the wider community (8.02 vs 13.03). Incidence and hospitalization of PESH rose again to rates higher than the broader community in waves 4 through 6 but never returned to wave 1 levels. Throughout the study period, COVID-19 incidence among PESH was 2.88 times higher than that of the community (70.90 vs 24.65), and hospitalization was 4.56 times higher among PESH (7.51 vs 1.65). <b>Conclusions.</b> Our findings suggest that whole-community approaches can minimize disparities in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission between vulnerable populations and the broader community, and reinforce the benefits of a shared approach that include multiple partners when addressing public health emergencies in special populations. (<i>Am J Public Health</i>. 2024;114(S7):S590-S598. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2024.307801).</p>","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"S590-S598"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11424243/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142085909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}