Allergy and asthma proceedings最新文献

{"title":"Inhaler recognition as a marker for adherence in pediatric patients with asthma.","authors":"Jenny Huang, Mansi Kothari, Rahul Revan, Pavadee Poowuttikul","doi":"10.2500/aap.2026.47.260005","DOIUrl":"10.2500/aap.2026.47.260005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Poor adherence to daily asthma controller medications contributes to increased emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalizations in children. A simple bedside tool to assess adherence is needed in clinical settings. <b>Objective:</b> The objective was to determine whether a child's or a caregiver's ability to recognize the prescribed daily controller inhaler is associated with poor adherence and increased asthma morbidity. <b>Methods:</b> A retrospective chart review was conducted on 163 pediatric patients (ages 3-18 years) admitted for asthma exacerbation on patient's and/or caregiver's ability to identify the patient's prescribed daily controller inhaler. Patients were classified as recognizing or not recognizing their inhaler. Clinical outcomes, including ED visits, hospital admissions, systemic corticosteroid use, and adherence markers (prescription refills and follow-up visits), were compared between the groups. <b>Results:</b> The patients unable to recognize their inhaler had significantly poorer adherence, with fewer prescription refills (p = 0.001) and lower rates of specialty follow-up (p ≤ 0.001). These patients also had higher rates of asthma-related ED visits (p = 0.003) and systemic corticosteroid use (p = 0.010). No significant association was found with inpatient admissions, impairment of daily symptoms, or frequency of albuterol use. Patients with three or more intensive care unit admissions in the past year were more likely to recognize their inhalers (p = 0.013), possibly due to increased exposure to asthma education. <b>Conclusion:</b> The inability to recognize a prescribed daily controller inhaler is associated with poor adherence and increased asthma-related ED visits and systemic corticosteroid use. This simple bedside assessment may help identify patients at high risk and guide targeted interventions to improve adherence and asthma outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":7646,"journal":{"name":"Allergy and asthma proceedings","volume":"47 3","pages":"184-189"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147759881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breathing through the night: A meta-analysis of childhood asthma and obstructive sleep apnea in sleep-disordered contexts.","authors":"Kaiwen Zheng, Yuling Zhao, Jiayi Li, Xing Chen","doi":"10.2500/aap.2026.47.260014","DOIUrl":"10.2500/aap.2026.47.260014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> The study was to systematically evaluate the correlation between childhood asthma and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). <b>Methods:</b> Several medical literature data bases were searched for studies published up to March 2025, by using the keywords \"asthma\" and \"obstructive sleep apnea\" and \"child*.\" We included observational studies, children with OSA diagnosed <i>via</i> polysomnography, clinical criteria, or validated tools; and asthma confirmed by physician diagnosis, medication use, or validated questionnaires and international code. <b>Results:</b> Eleven studies were included that covered populations in the United States, Europe, and Asia. The pooled odds ratio (OR) for the association between childhood asthma and OSA was 1.66 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.21-2.26; p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis by study design showed significant associations in cohort (OR 2.00 [95% CI, 1.35-2.96]) and cross-sectional (OR 1.55 [95% CI, 0.69-3.44]) but not in case-control studies (OR 0.85 [95% CI, 0.32-2.28]). Geographically, the association was strongest in America (OR 1.99 [95% CI, 1.35-2.96]) and Asia (OR 1.64 [95% CI, 1.19-2.25]), with a nonsignificant trend in Europe (OR 0.91 [95% CI, 0.34-2.42]). Sensitivity analyses directionally consistent with the results, and Egger's test (p = .587) indicated no significant publication bias. <b>Conclusion:</b> Childhood asthma is significantly associated with an increased risk of OSA, with sleep disorders likely exacerbating this relationship. Integrated screening and management strategies are warranted, particularly in high-risk regions such as America and Asia.</p>","PeriodicalId":7646,"journal":{"name":"Allergy and asthma proceedings","volume":"47 3","pages":"e36-e47"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147759941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment of eosinophilic esophagitis with immune modulating agents.","authors":"Neha Pancholy, Gisoo Ghaffari","doi":"10.2500/aap.2026.47.260020","DOIUrl":"10.2500/aap.2026.47.260020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic inflammatory and an immune-mediated condition diagnosed based on both clinical and pathologic findings. EoE has been identified as one of the leading causes of esophageal dysfunction worldwide. If untreated, EoE often follows a progressive course that leads to fibrosis and esophageal stricture and perforation. The use of biologic therapies that target specific pathways will help us understand the essential pathophysiologic steps in EoE, in addition to providing symptomatic treatment. In this narrative review, we review the potential targeted therapies of these cells and related pathways, the evidence of therapeutic benefit, and suggestions for future therapeutic approaches. An updated review of treatment options is necessary given deeper understanding of the pathogenesis and more recent advances in treatment since the consensus recommendations published in 2016. <b>Objective:</b> We sought to review the contemporary data with regard to treatment approaches in EoE, particularly through immune-modulating therapeutic approaches. <b>Methods:</b> The MEDLINE (PubMed) data base was queried by using specified search terms. Articles were selected based on their contribution to the understanding of how therapeutics for EoE, particularly those that modulate immunity play a role in the management of this disease. <b>Results:</b> Among immune-modulating therapies for EoE, anti-interleukin (IL) 5/IL-5 Receptor (R) α and anti-IL-13/IL-4 Receptor (R) α therapies have the most accumulated clinical trial and safety data at this time. Other emerging immunologic targets that warrant discussion include thymic stromal lymphopoietin and Sialic acid-binding IG-like lectin 8 (Siglec-8). Furthermore, the contribution of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts to the pathogenesis of EoE also provides many potential therapeutic targets. Allergen-specific immunotherapies have shown variable benefit in the treatment of EoE. <b>Conclusion:</b> Immune-modulating therapies seem to be a promising avenue of the treatment of EoE; both established and emerging targets of therapy exist to manage this condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":7646,"journal":{"name":"Allergy and asthma proceedings","volume":"47 3","pages":"170-176"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147760000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The evolving spectrum of type 2 inflammation and beyond.","authors":"","doi":"10.2500/aap.2026.47.260029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2500/aap.2026.47.260029","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7646,"journal":{"name":"Allergy and asthma proceedings","volume":"47 3","pages":"159-161"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147759955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply.","authors":"Emily Gansert, Ricardo J Estrada-Mendizabal, Matthew M Farley, Dayne H Voelker, Alexei Gonzalez-Estrada","doi":"10.2500/aap.2026.47.260022a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2500/aap.2026.47.260022a","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7646,"journal":{"name":"Allergy and asthma proceedings","volume":"47 3","pages":"e49"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147759986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comorbidity burden in patients with anaphylaxis: A 25-year nationwide population-based matched case-control study.","authors":"Eli Magen, Israel Magen, Eugene Merzon, Eldad Rahamim, Ilan Green, Avivit Golan-Cohen, Shlomo Vinker, Ariel Israel","doi":"10.2500/aap.2026.47.260021","DOIUrl":"10.2500/aap.2026.47.260021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Anaphylaxis is a severe systemic hypersensitivity reaction that occurs in diverse clinical contexts. Its broader comorbidity profile in population-based settings has not been well characterized. <b>Objective:</b> The objective was to evaluate the prevalence and spectrum of comorbid diseases in patients with anaphylaxis compared with matched controls in a nationwide population. <b>Methods:</b> We conducted a retrospective population-based matched case-control study by using electronic health record data from a nationwide health maintenance organization in Israel between 2001 and 2024. Anaphylaxis cases were confirmed by manual chart review according to World Allergy Organization criteria with documented epinephrine treatment. The controls were matched on age, sex, and calendar time, and had no history of anaphylaxis. Baseline comorbidities documented at least 3 months before the index date were analyzed by using conditional logistic regression. Multiple comparisons were addressed by using false discovery rate adjustment. <b>Results:</b> The study included 778 patients with anaphylaxis and 3112 matched controls. The patients with anaphylaxis had a significantly higher prevalence of atopic and allergic diseases, including asthma, allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, and chronic idiopathic urticaria. The composite atopic disease burden was markedly higher in the anaphylaxis group. Selected immune-mediated and cardiovascular conditions were also more prevalent, although the effect sizes were generally modest and several associations did not remain statistically significant after a multiple-comparison correction. An eliciting allergen was identified in 82.4% of the patients, with drugs as the most frequent triggers, followed by food and insect venom. Idiopathic anaphylaxis accounted for 17.6% of the patients. Baseline medication utilization was higher among the patients with anaphylaxis, particularly for allergic, respiratory, and gastrointestinal therapies. <b>Conclusion:</b> In this nationwide adult cohort, individuals with anaphylaxis demonstrated a higher prevalence of atopic disease and modest differences in selected systemic comorbidities compared with matched controls. These findings describe epidemiologic associations and do not imply causality. Further prospective studies are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":7646,"journal":{"name":"Allergy and asthma proceedings","volume":"47 3","pages":"196-206"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147759854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abstracts presented at the Western Society of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology, February 1-5, 2026, Wailea, Hawaii.","authors":"","doi":"10.2500/aap.2026.47.260023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2500/aap.2026.47.260023","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7646,"journal":{"name":"Allergy and asthma proceedings","volume":"47 3","pages":"230"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147759829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical characteristics, type 2 comorbidities, and treatment responses in pediatric and adult chronic spontaneous urticaria: A multicenter retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Kathryn Smiley, Lauren Galli, Amanda Grippen Goddard, Lindsey Moore, Claire Smigiel, Anoushka Tambay, Emma Barseghyan, Ashly Probst, Lily Nguyen, Nicole Navasero, Brittany Wetklow, Reid Oldenburg, Bob Geng","doi":"10.2500/aap.2026.47.260012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2500/aap.2026.47.260012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) presents with unpredictable, often debilitating symptoms, yet detailed clinical characterization, particularly in pediatric populations, remains limited. Improved understanding of clinical profiles and comorbidities may guide management strategies. <b>Objective:</b> The objective was to characterize clinical presentation, comorbid type 2 inflammatory diseases, and treatment responses in a large cohort of pediatric and adult patients with CSU across multiple allergy practices. <b>Methods:</b> A retrospective observational cohort study was conducted across four U.S. allergy clinics, including two pediatric- and two adult-focused practices. Medical records of 400 patients with CSU (189 pediatric patients, 211 adults) with ≥ 6 months of follow-up between 2013 and 2023 were reviewed for demographic data, comorbidities, clinical presentation, clinician-documented disease severity, and treatment outcomes. <b>Results:</b> Disease severity spanned mild (24%), moderate (28%), and severe (48%) disease; adults more often presented with severe disease (65% versus 32% in pediatric patients). Atopic comorbidities were common, including allergic rhinitis (72%), asthma (38%), and atopic dermatitis (17%), with 43% of patients having two or more type 2 inflammatory comorbidities. H₁-antihistamines were the most frequently used therapies, with cetirizine being most common. Omalizumab showed effectiveness in most patients, although ∼31% experienced partial or no response. Systemic corticosteroids and cyclosporine were used infrequently. Sparse documentation of physical findings and laboratory analysis limited further objective analysis. <b>Conclusion:</b> This U.S. multicenter study highlights the substantial burden of atopic disease and refractory CSU in both pediatric and adult populations. These findings emphasize the need for prospective studies with standardized clinical documentation to better understand CSU phenotypes and optimize individualized treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":7646,"journal":{"name":"Allergy and asthma proceedings","volume":"47 3","pages":"190-195"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147759876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time for action: How to combat myths and misinformation on social media.","authors":"Shane Stone, Maria P Henao, Taha Al-Shaikhly","doi":"10.2500/aap.2026.47.260022","DOIUrl":"10.2500/aap.2026.47.260022","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7646,"journal":{"name":"Allergy and asthma proceedings","volume":"47 3","pages":"e48"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147759994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recurrent full-body rash following chemotherapy initiation in a multiple myeloma patient.","authors":"Kermit Zhang, Hannah Wangberg","doi":"10.2500/aap.2026.47.260011","DOIUrl":"10.2500/aap.2026.47.260011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Severe cutaneous adverse reactions are a spectrum of life-threatening immune mediated adverse drug reactions characterized by extensive skin involvement with the potential for organ injury. It is composed of four main entities: drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, and acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis. With prominent hypereosinophilia (>1500 eosinophils/µL), hypereosinophilic syndrome also warrants consideration, albeit rarely triggered by medications. In addition, there may also be concern for infectious etiologies, particularly in patients with notable travel history or immunosuppression. Herein, we present the case of a 65-year-old man with multiple myeloma who was started on several medications simultaneously for the induction of chemotherapy and who developed a full-body pruritic and maculopapular rash and peripheral eosinophilia 2-to-4 weeks after initiation of these medications. He had a recalcitrant course, which required multiple rounds of systemic steroids and other treatments. After a detailed history, physical examination, and additional investigation coupled with high clinical suspicion, a diagnosis, and treatment plan was made.</p>","PeriodicalId":7646,"journal":{"name":"Allergy and asthma proceedings","volume":"47 3","pages":"225-229"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147759922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}