Revista brasileira de biologia最新文献

{"title":"[Description of a new species of the genus Astyanax Baird & Girard from Araguaia River basin, Brazil].","authors":"V Garutti","doi":"10.1590/s0034-71081999000400008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0034-71081999000400008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Astyanax argyrimarginatus sp. n. is described from the Araguaia River basin, Brazil. The new species may be diagnosed by a humeral dark spot horizontally oval, and an elongated caudal peduncle dark spot, continued to the tip of the mid caudal rays, two dark brown vertical bars on the humeral region, and a single black lateral stripe with silvered border. Forty-two to forty-six scales on lateral line; fourteen to sixteen vertical scales rows. Twenty-seven to thirty-one anal fin rays. Dentary large teeth quincuspid, inner row of pre-maxilar teeth quincuspid or hexacuspid, and one maxillary tooth. Comments on the characters which permit to recognize the new species from others with the same color pattern are made.</p>","PeriodicalId":76429,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de biologia","volume":"59 4","pages":"585-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1590/s0034-71081999000400008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31317200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A note on the reproduction of Geochelone carbonaria and G. denticulata (Testudines, Testudinidae).","authors":"P E Vanzolini","doi":"10.1590/s0034-71081999000400009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0034-71081999000400009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>On the occasion of having collected three gravid Geochelone carbonaria in the Bolivian Chaco, data are given on oviducal eggs, as well as on five shells of eggs of the same species in the Museum collection. A review of the literature on the reproduction of G. carbonaria and of its sibling G. denticulata is presented, with an elementary statistical treatment of the data on number of clutches per reproductive season, interval between clutches, clutch size, egg shape and volume.</p>","PeriodicalId":76429,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de biologia","volume":"59 4","pages":"593-608"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1590/s0034-71081999000400009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31317201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Biology of Methona themisto (Hübner, 1818) (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Ithomiinae) adults in public plazas in Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil].","authors":"A Ruszczyk,&nbsp;E S Nascimento","doi":"10.1590/s0034-71081999000400007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0034-71081999000400007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>From April 1992 to September 1993 Methona themisto (Hübn.) adults were weekly marked and recaptured in two downtown plazas in Uberlândia, MG. Females accounted for a third of the 637 individuals marked. Nearly 10% of the butterflies were recaptured, with the maximum residence time of 62 days. The presence of the larval host plant (Brunfelsia uniflora (Pohl) D. Don, Solanaceae) in one of the plazas enhanced a higher abundance of the butterfly throughout the research and a higher proportion of new individuals, and frequency of migrants than the other plaza which lacked the host plant. Methona themisto adults were active through the sampling period with overlapping generations. Its abundance in plazas with polluted air and exotic flora, long adult life, and tolerance to humans in its vicinities place M. themisto among the ones indicated to have its life conditions improved in downtown areas of brazilian cities. Simple managing practices which benefit the lepitopteran are suggested.</p>","PeriodicalId":76429,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de biologia","volume":"59 4","pages":"577-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1590/s0034-71081999000400007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31317199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Algal flora of Lake Amapá in Rio Branco, acre state, I: euglenophyceae].","authors":"E C Keppeler,&nbsp;M R Lopes,&nbsp;C S Lima","doi":"10.1590/s0034-71081999000400016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0034-71081999000400016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Euglenophyceae flora of Lake Amapá I, Rio Branco, Acre State, Brazil, constitutes a contribution to the phycological inventory of the State of Acre. It is based on the study of 15 samples collected with plankton net and by passing an open flask in areas with dense plankton concentrations. Samples were prepared and preserved with Transeau solution. Twenty five taxons were identified. Genera Euglena and Trachelomonas were the most frequently represented.</p>","PeriodicalId":76429,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de biologia","volume":"59 4","pages":"679-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1590/s0034-71081999000400016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31316557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Algal flora of Lake Amapá in Rio Branco, Acre State, II: chlorophyta].","authors":"E C Keppeler,&nbsp;M R Lopes,&nbsp;C S Lima","doi":"10.1590/s0034-71081999000400017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0034-71081999000400017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, 15 samples were collected on a bi-monthly basis, during the period between March and May 1994, and 3 additional samples were collected, one in each of the months of July, October and November 1994. All the samples were collected in Lake Amapá (lat. 10 degrees 2'36\"S, long. 67 degrees 50'24\"W), which is located in Rio Branco, Acre State, Brazil. Ten táxons, of Chlorophyta were registered: Botryococcaceae (2), Treubariaceae (1), Volvocaceae (2), Closteriaceae (3) e Desmidiaceae (2). All taxa identified are first citations for Acre State.</p>","PeriodicalId":76429,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de biologia","volume":"59 4","pages":"687-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1590/s0034-71081999000400017","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31316558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pollinators of Oxypetalum (Asclepiadaceae) in southeastern Brazil.","authors":"M F Vieira,&nbsp;G J Shepherd","doi":"10.1590/s0034-71081999000400018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0034-71081999000400018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Floral visitors of seven species of Oxypetalum were registered in Viçosa, State of Minas Gerais. O. appendiculatum, O. banksii subsp, banksii, O. alpinumn var. alpinum and O. pachyglossum are pollinated by wasps, being Polybia ignobilis (Vespidae) a pollinator of these four species. It seems that P ignobilis promotes interspecific pollinations mainly between O. alpinum var. alpinum and O. pachyglossum, two species with very similar floral morphology. O. jacobinae, O. mexiae and O. subriparium are pollinated by bees. Wasps and bees carry one, two, three or several pollinaria in the mouthparts. O. mexiae, an endemic species in Viçosa, seems to present reproductive limitations, since its flowers are seldom visited.</p>","PeriodicalId":76429,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de biologia","volume":"59 4","pages":"693-704"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1590/s0034-71081999000400018","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31316559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reproductive mechanisms in a Nasutitermes species (Isoptera: Termitidae).","authors":"M L Buschini,&nbsp;A M Leonardo","doi":"10.1590/s0034-71081999000400010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0034-71081999000400010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The number of reproductive individuals present in colonies of Nasutitermes sp. was analysed, and its possible reproductive strategy discussed. Twenty-four nests were collected and opened, and a single queen and king were found in 17 of them. In the other 7 nests, no queen or king were neither found, nor any other reproductive individual. All queens were weighed, and the number of eggs laid by them was counted. No relationship between the volume of the nests and the weight of their respective queens was found, but the number of eggs laid by the queens during an hour was positively correlated to their weight.</p>","PeriodicalId":76429,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de biologia","volume":"59 4","pages":"609-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1590/s0034-71081999000400010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31317202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural indexes and sexual maturity of tambaqui Colossoma macropomum (Cuvier, 1818) (Characiformes: Characidae) in central Amazon, Brazil.","authors":"M A Villacorta-Correa,&nbsp;U Saint-Paul","doi":"10.1590/s0034-71081999000400013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0034-71081999000400013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Length, weight, structural index and sexual maturity in tambaqui Colossoma macropomum were analysed. 449 specimens were obtained from the commercial fishing fleet arriving at Manaus Harbour from the floodplain areas from May 1992 to July 1993. The objective of this study is to describe changes in structural index during one hidrological cycle and to interpret them according to the water level fluctuations and to also determine the time, reproductive period and length in sexual maturity. Sex ratio in tambaqui was 1:1 however, the length of females was significantly longer than males'. Length/weight relationship was described by the expression: Pt = 0.00058*Cp2.9039. b value was significantly different from 3 which meant an alometric growth. Lower condition index values (Kn) were found from August to October at the end of receding water and dry period. The feeding index was significantly lower during the receding water and dry period. Lower hepatosomatic index values were found in December during the dry period. Fishes in lengths longer than 550 mm which were more common from September to December during the dry period, stored larger cavitary fat reserves. Fishes smaller than the standard length of 550 mm stored less fat reserves and were more common during the rising of the water and flooding period. Spawning period of tambaqui extends from September to February in a total spawning synchronized with \"repiquetes\" (native term used to name a sudden recending and rising of the water level). Length of tambaqui was 60.69 cm, at sexual maturity.</p>","PeriodicalId":76429,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de biologia","volume":"59 4","pages":"637-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31317205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytoplankton community of a polymictic reservoir, La Plata River basin, Uruguay.","authors":"M C Pérez,&nbsp;S Bonilla,&nbsp;G Martínez","doi":"10.1590/s0034-71081999000400002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0034-71081999000400002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper deals with the analysis of phytoplankton composition and abundance from four sampling stations at the polymictic system, Rinc6n del Bonete water reservoir in Uruguay. Sampling data were obtained in 4 seasonal periods between February and November 1993. A hundred and twenty-four taxa were identified, where Aulacoseira granulata (Ehrenb.) Simon., A. granulata var. angustissima (Muller) Simon., A. granulata var. angustissima f. spiralis, (Muller) Simon., A. cf. ambigua, (Grun.) Simon., A. cf. distans (Ehrenb.) Simon., Cryptomonas spp. and Synedra ulna (Nitzsch) Ehrenberg, were always present. Phytoplankton abundance fluctuated between 29 (autumn) and 2129 (summer) ind/ml. The general dominance of Aulacoseira spp. could be related to the polymictic condition of the system. In cold months phytoplankton distribution was homogeneous among sampling stations, while in warm months, spatial heterogeneity was detected, suggesting that sampling stations can behave as independent compartments.</p>","PeriodicalId":76429,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de biologia","volume":"59 4","pages":"535-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1590/s0034-71081999000400002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31315657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Variations of structure and of flora of the \"carrasco\" vegetation of the Ibiapaba plateau, state of Cearsá, Brazil].","authors":"F S de Araújo,&nbsp;F R Martins,&nbsp;G J Shepherd","doi":"10.1590/s0034-71081999000400015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0034-71081999000400015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>\"Carrasco\" is a closed, tall-shrubby, xerophilous vegetation on Quartz Sand soils between altitudes of 700 and 900 m on Ibiapaba and Araripe plateaus in the Brazilian semi-arid domain. As it is still very poorly known, this paper aims to describe the structure and composition of the woody community and its spatial variation in relation to the soil. One-hundred 10 x 10 m plots were located by pairs of random numbers in a coordinate system at the locality of Jaburuna (3 degrees 54'34\"S, 40 degrees 59'24\"W, about 830 m altitude), municipality of Ubajara, north Ibiapaba. All woody plants with a minimum stem diameter of 3 cm at ground level had their vertical height (not for climbers) and stem perimeter recorded. A soil extract from 0-50 cm depth was taken at the centre of each plot. Published surveys of other carrasco areas on the south Ibiapaba were considered for comparison. The community structure showed great dominance concentration, the most abundant species (Acacia langsdorffii, Piptadenia moniliformis, Thiloa glaucocarpa) varied between surveys. At Jaburuna 81% of all sampled plants were shrubs, 14% trees (the most with less than 10 cm of trunk diameter and 6 m height), and 5% climbers. Canberra distances and Jaccard's Indices were calculated from a primary matrix of 87 species (with 5 or more individuals) and 175 plots. Several methods of cluster analysis were employed, all showed great floristic variation from place to place. A matrix of soil physical and chemical variates per plot was constructed, and the canonical correspondence analysis was applied to both primary and soil matrices. Lower pH and higher sum of bases (e. g. Brunfelsia cuneifolia, Neojeobertia candoleana), higher content of gross sand (e. g. Acacia glomerosa, Aspidosperma subincanumn) and higher content of fine sand (e. g. Aspidosperma discolor, Hymenaea velutina) were the main variates separating species. The floristic richness at Jaburuna was of 74 species, and the surveys showed no difference in Shannon's diversity, which varied from 2.87 to 3.16 nats/individual.</p>","PeriodicalId":76429,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de biologia","volume":"59 4","pages":"663-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1590/s0034-71081999000400015","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31316556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}