OtolaryngologyPub Date : 1978-11-01DOI: 10.1177/019459987808600610
S Asakuma, J B Snow
{"title":"Bioelectric phenomena in the ototoxicity of nitrogen mustard.","authors":"S Asakuma, J B Snow","doi":"10.1177/019459987808600610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/019459987808600610","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effects of nitrogen mustard on the electrical potentials of the inner ear were studied, and the results were correlated with the histopathologic findings which have been reported in nitrogen mustard ototoxicity. The endocochlear DC potential (EP) decreased rapidly after an injection of nitrogen mustard (NM). The amplitude of the cochlear microphonics potential (CM) diminished rapidly, and no substantial recoveries were observed. No significant changes in the magnitude of the negative potential of organ of Corti (NPOC) were observed. A large negative summating potential (SP) was recorded even when the amplitude of the CM had diminished.</p>","PeriodicalId":76297,"journal":{"name":"Otolaryngology","volume":"86 6 Pt 1","pages":"ORL-888-95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/019459987808600610","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11333623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OtolaryngologyPub Date : 1978-11-01DOI: 10.1177/019459987808600616
D E Brackmann
{"title":"Endolymphatic-subarachnoid shunt tube: a new design.","authors":"D E Brackmann","doi":"10.1177/019459987808600616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/019459987808600616","url":null,"abstract":"The theoretic basis for the endolymphatic subarachnoid shunt operation for the treatment of endolymphatic hydrops is to create a conduit between the endolymphatic sac and the subarachnoid space to allow equalization of endolymphaticperilymphatic pressure. A Silastic rubber tube is placed into the cerebellopontine cistern, and mesh attached to the distal end of the tube holds it within the lumen of the endolymphatic sac.","PeriodicalId":76297,"journal":{"name":"Otolaryngology","volume":"86 6 Pt 1","pages":"ORL-930-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/019459987808600616","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11333555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OtolaryngologyPub Date : 1978-09-01DOI: 10.1177/019459987808600525
T N Parks, E W Rubel
{"title":"An anatomic \"place\" model of low-frequency sound localization.","authors":"T N Parks, E W Rubel","doi":"10.1177/019459987808600525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/019459987808600525","url":null,"abstract":"Presented at the Eighty-second Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology, Dallas, Oct 2-6, 1977. topic, and symmetric fashion to NL on both sides of the brain. This highly ordered projection contributes to the binaural response properties and tonotopic organization of NL neurons and suggests a mechanism for the differential transmission delay required by a \"place\" model of low-frequency sound localization. The resulting model predicts the anatomic locus of maximum neuronal response to stimuli emanating from a fixed source and the change in position of this locus of excitation as the azimuth of the stimulus is altered. The assumptions of the model and the supporting data will be discussed.","PeriodicalId":76297,"journal":{"name":"Otolaryngology","volume":"86 5","pages":"ORL-785"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/019459987808600525","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11335275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OtolaryngologyPub Date : 1978-09-01DOI: 10.1177/019459987808600531
J H Mills, W Y Adkins, R M Gilbert
{"title":"High-frequency hearing losses caused by low-frequency noises.","authors":"J H Mills, W Y Adkins, R M Gilbert","doi":"10.1177/019459987808600531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/019459987808600531","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human subjects were exposed to an octave-band noise for 24 hours. Temporary threshold shifts increased for the first eight hours of exposure and then were asymptotic. While threshold shifts were largest at about one-half octave above the center frequency of the noise, a second maximum was observed at higher test frequencies. The exact frequency of this second maximum decreased from 7.0 kHz, for a noise centered at 2.0 kHz, to 5.5 kHz for a noise centered at 0.5 kHz. This result could be caused by the travelling wave pattern along the cochlear partition or to the production of distortion products.</p>","PeriodicalId":76297,"journal":{"name":"Otolaryngology","volume":"86 5","pages":"ORL-821-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/019459987808600531","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11335279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OtolaryngologyPub Date : 1978-09-01DOI: 10.1177/019459987808600534
G D Becker
{"title":"Sources of error in interpretation of caloric tests.","authors":"G D Becker","doi":"10.1177/019459987808600534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/019459987808600534","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Caloric testing plays a prominent role in evaluating the vestibular system. A unilateral reduced vestibular response (RVR) is a common abnormality and is consistent with peripheral vestibular pathology. An erroneous interpretation of RVR may be made due to the following circumstances: laboratory technique, the influence of directional preponderance (DP) on monothermal tests (MT), unilateral hyperactivity, or pseudocaloric (PC) nystagmus. These errors in interpretation may be avoided by (1) repeating any single irrigation that is significantly different from the other three, to rule out laboratory technical error; (2) performing bithermal (BT) testing exists, to eliminate the effects of directional preponderance; (3) observing that a right/left (R/L) difference is not due to unilateral hyperactivity, by noting absolute slow phase (SP) velocity; and (4) by demonstrating bidirectional sensitivity of the cupula before concluding that residual caloric function exists instead of no function.</p>","PeriodicalId":76297,"journal":{"name":"Otolaryngology","volume":"86 5","pages":"ORL-830-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/019459987808600534","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11334321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OtolaryngologyPub Date : 1978-09-01DOI: 10.1177/019459987808600503
L F DeMoura, T S Yook
{"title":"Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the maxillary sinus.","authors":"L F DeMoura, T S Yook","doi":"10.1177/019459987808600503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/019459987808600503","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A malignant fibrous histiocytoma from the maxillary sinus of a 51-year-old woman was treated surgically with adjuvant chemotherapy and radiation. The maxillary sinus is an unusual site for this rare and controversial neoplasm, as a review of the literature shows.</p>","PeriodicalId":76297,"journal":{"name":"Otolaryngology","volume":"86 5","pages":"ORL-685-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/019459987808600503","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11441673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OtolaryngologyPub Date : 1978-09-01DOI: 10.1177/019459987808600532
W W Clark, B A Bohne
{"title":"Animal model of the 4-kHz tonal dip in humans.","authors":"W W Clark, B A Bohne","doi":"10.1177/019459987808600532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/019459987808600532","url":null,"abstract":"IT has long been observed that when humans are exposed to occupational or recreational noise, permanent hearing losses for high-frequency tones develop regardless of the frequency content of the exposure. The term \"4-kHz tonal dip\" has been coined to describe the audiogram of a typical noise-exposed person, although the dip has been found to occur anywhere from 3 to 6 kHz. As exposure to noise continues, permanent hearing losses begin to appear at frequencies immediately above and below 4-kHz. Generally, only after long histories of exposure do hearing losses begin to occur in the frequencies considered most important for speech discrimination. Since humans cannot be exposed experimentally to noises that may produce permanent hearing losses, we have been working to develop an animal model of the 4-kHz notch to determine the parameters of exposure that will produce this notch and to define the relation between hearing loss produced by low-frequency noise exposure and cochlear damage.","PeriodicalId":76297,"journal":{"name":"Otolaryngology","volume":"86 5","pages":"ORL-824-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/019459987808600532","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11335280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OtolaryngologyPub Date : 1978-09-01DOI: 10.1177/019459987808600517
M Strome
{"title":"Bronchogenic cysts: a case report.","authors":"M Strome","doi":"10.1177/019459987808600517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/019459987808600517","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The otolaryngologist has a reference frame for congenital stridor that rarely includes diagnosis of a bronchogenic cyst. The life-threatening potential of this lesion makes consideration and recognition imperative. Representing less than 5% of the mediastinal childhood masses in the infant, respiratory distress most often initiates diagnostic studies leading to identification and extirpation. The case presentation highlights the clinical course. The diagnostic hallmark of this case was the delayed onset of stridor with subsequent progression. Thereafter, a chest film and barium swallow suggested the diagnosis. In newborns, however, such cysts may not be evident on routine chest films and, nonetheless, cause significant respiratory distress from airway compression. Surgical extirpation should be affected as soon as possible after the diagnosis is entertained in order to insure against a sudden respiratory death.</p>","PeriodicalId":76297,"journal":{"name":"Otolaryngology","volume":"86 5","pages":"ORL-755-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/019459987808600517","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11334524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OtolaryngologyPub Date : 1978-09-01DOI: 10.1177/019459987808600526
K J Eisbach, J Bardach
{"title":"Effect of lip closure on facial growth in the surgically induced cleft rabbit.","authors":"K J Eisbach, J Bardach","doi":"10.1177/019459987808600526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/019459987808600526","url":null,"abstract":"This project was designed to determine whether cleft lip repair has an influence on facial growth. To study this, 62 rabbits were divided into four groups: control, control without repair, Millard-type repair, and Bardach-type repair. Surgical clefts of the lip, alveolus, and the palate were created in 6-week-old rabbits. Periodic measurements were made of the pressure exerted by the lip on the maxillary alveolus. The animals were killed 20 weeks postoperatively. The skulls were processed and measurements were taken from the skulls. The pressure measurements showed a definite increase in lip pressure on the maxillary alveolus for the lip repair group. This pressure was high soon after surgery, rapidly returned toward the control level, but never reached it. Skull measurements indicate an inhibition in anterior maxillary growth for the “control without repair” group. This inhibition was even more profound in the two lip repair groups. No significant differences were found in maxillary width or mandibular length. When correlations were made to see if increased lip pressure resulted in decreased anterior maxillary growth, a significant correlation was found for both lip repair groups. This means that as the pressure of the lip repair increased, it resulted in a decrease in anterior maxillary growth. The data reported here indicates that cleft lip surgery must be considered as having a definite influence on anterior maxillary growth inhibition observed in the cleft lip and palate population. Further studies are indicated to determine the role of cleft palate repair on facial growth.","PeriodicalId":76297,"journal":{"name":"Otolaryngology","volume":"86 5","pages":"ORL-786-803"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/019459987808600526","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11335274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OtolaryngologyPub Date : 1978-09-01DOI: 10.1177/019459987808600515
T W Holzen, R Newman, G A Gates, W L Meyerhoff
{"title":"Rabies: otolaryngologic manifestations.","authors":"T W Holzen, R Newman, G A Gates, W L Meyerhoff","doi":"10.1177/019459987808600515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/019459987808600515","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rabies is a rare, fatal viral infection, usually transmitted by the bite of an infected animal. Some 30,000 Americans are immunized annually, however, so public health considerations are common. The development of a new vaccine, grown in human diploid cell culture, is discussed. It appears to have high antigenicity with no serious morbidity. A case of a patient with fatal rabies who had fever, delirium, dysphagia, and cervical and pectoral subcutaneous emphysema is presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":76297,"journal":{"name":"Otolaryngology","volume":"86 5","pages":"ORL-747-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/019459987808600515","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11334523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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