Agroforestry Systems最新文献

{"title":"Pathways, motivations, support systems, and experiences of current agroforestry practitioners in the Eastern United States","authors":"Meghan Mary Edwards,&nbsp;Douglas Jackson-Smith,&nbsp;John Munsell","doi":"10.1007/s10457-026-01668-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10457-026-01668-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Agroforestry (the integration of trees with crops and/or livestock) is a timeless practice and one which has earned growing attention in the last thirty years from growers and researchers interested in its potential environmental, economic, and social advantages. Early agroforestry research focused on its use in tropical regions, and to date, relatively sparse research exists on the social dimensions of agroforestry in the United States: who chooses to adopt agroforestry and why, where they find support, and their perspective on the challenges associated with agroforestry practices. This research addresses those gaps through in-depth interviews with thirty forest farming and silvopasture practitioners in the eastern U.S., all of whom received funding for their agroforestry projects through the privately funded Catalyzing Agroforestry Grant Program. Our qualitative analysis finds that agroforestry practitioners are disproportionately first-generation farmers and are motivated to adopt agroforestry as a persistence strategy due to its perceived agronomic and economic advantages. Overall, respondents had strong positive relationships with extension and agency professionals and learned about agroforestry from a diverse mix of institutional, nonprofit, and online sources. On the other hand, respondents frequently reported isolation and a desire to be better connected with their agroforestry peers. Most respondents were in the early stages of agroforestry implementation, and had not seen measurable economic or environmental impacts, but generally reported positive social outcomes and improvements to their quality of life.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7610,"journal":{"name":"Agroforestry Systems","volume":"100 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10457-026-01668-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149034620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Linking biodiversity and carbon stocks in homegardens across an elevational gradient in Nagaland, Northeast India","authors":"Pempa L. Bhutia,&nbsp;Z. Kawikhonliu,&nbsp;B. U. Choudhury,&nbsp;Krishnappa Rangappa,&nbsp;Karma G. Bhutia,&nbsp;Pradip K. Sarkar,&nbsp;N. Raju Singh,&nbsp;Azeze Seyie,&nbsp;T. L. Bhutia,&nbsp;Amit Kumar,&nbsp;H. Verma,&nbsp;Ashok Kumar,&nbsp;H. Kalita","doi":"10.1007/s10457-026-01669-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10457-026-01669-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Homegardens are multifunctional agroforestry systems that support rural livelihoods while conserving biodiversity and storing ecosystem carbon. However, the relative influence of biodiversity, vegetation structure, and elevation on carbon storage in tropical homegardens remains poorly understood. This study evaluated species diversity, vegetation structure, biomass carbon, soil organic carbon (SOC) stock, and their interrelationships across three elevational zones (E1: &lt; 250 m a.s.l.; E2: 250–500 m a.s.l.; E3: &gt;500 m a.s.l.) in subtropical homegardens of Nagaland, Northeast India. A total of 130 plant species were recorded from 54 homegardens. Homegarden size declined significantly with elevation, whereas species richness and evenness increased without significant changes in overall species diversity. Aboveground biomass (AGB) and aboveground biomass carbon (AGBC) showed no significant differences among elevational zones, whereas SOC stock increased significantly with elevation. Species richness was positively associated with AGBC and SOC stock, whereas homegarden area showed negative relationships with species richness, species evenness, and carbon variables. Multiple linear regression analysis further revealed that homegarden area was significantly associated with AGBC, whereas elevation and species richness were significant predictors of SOC stock. Overall, traditional homegardens of Nagaland function as important reservoirs of biodiversity and carbon, highlighting their value for climate change mitigation, sustainable land management, and rural livelihood security.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7610,"journal":{"name":"Agroforestry Systems","volume":"100 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149034549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping conservation status and land use change drivers in Chilean espinal agroforestry systems using CORONA KH‑4B and Sentinel‑2 data (1972–2023)","authors":"Joel Segarra,&nbsp;Giordano Catenacci-Aguilera,&nbsp;Alejandro del Pozo","doi":"10.1007/s10457-026-01672-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10457-026-01672-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Over the past five decades, land-use change driven by government subsidies for tree planting—particularly of exotic species such as <i>Pinus radiata</i> and <i>Eucalyptus</i> spp.—together with irrigated agricultural expansion, has caused substantial declines in Chile’s ‘espinal’, an agroforestry system dominated by <i>Vachellia caven</i>. This study maps the conservation status of ‘espinal’ systems and assesses the main drivers of land-use change affecting ‘espinal’ in Mediterranean central Chile. We analyzed recent and historical satellite imagery covering approximately 38,000 km² to map ‘espinal’ extent and conservation status in 2023 and to reconstruct land-use changes between 1972 and 2023, with a detailed assessment of a 500,000 ha focus area in the Cauquenes region. ‘Espinal’ and other land uses were mapped using Sentinel-2 imagery and declassified CORONA KH-4B data. For 2023, ground-truth data from field surveys and drone imagery were used to train a random forest classifier on Sentinel-2 data and vegetation indices were used to stratify ‘espinal’ systems into conservation classes based on tree cover density. For 1972, ‘espinal’ and other land-use samples were visually interpreted from CORONA KH-4B imagery and used to train a comparable classifier, followed by post-classification change detection. In 2023, ‘espinal’ covered over 12,000 km², comprising 5609.8 ± 1,056.9 km² of low-density, 5151.2 ± 727.8 km² of medium-density, and 1,786.0 ± 571.6 km² of high-density ‘espinal’. In the Cauquenes region, ‘espinal’ declined by more than 40% over five decades, mainly due to conversion to agricultural and forested land (83%), although localized re-establishment was observed. Greater distance from irrigation infrastructure and steeper terrain increased the likelihood of ‘espinal’ persistence and recovery. Despite its dramatic decline, ‘espinal’ remains the dominant land-use system in central Chile.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7610,"journal":{"name":"Agroforestry Systems","volume":"100 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10457-026-01672-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149034678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crop, mulching and season effects on direct seeding for subtropical forest restoration and agroforestry systems","authors":"Bruno Scheffer Del Pino,&nbsp;Isadora Moreira da Luz Real,&nbsp;Artur Ramos Molina,&nbsp;Valeria Pohlmann,&nbsp;Frederico de Castro Mayer,&nbsp;Marcos Jardel Matias Soares,&nbsp;Gustavo Crizel Gomes,&nbsp;Ernestino de Souza Gomes Guarino","doi":"10.1007/s10457-026-01667-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10457-026-01667-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Direct seeding is a cost-effective technique for forest restoration and a practical tool for establishing agroforestry systems, yet its performance in subtropical climates remains insufficiently documented. We tested the effects of season (winter vs. summer), mulching, and crop association on the emergence and establishment of 10 native tree species in southern Brazil. The experiment used randomized blocks with 8000 seeds per season, including pioneer and non-pioneer species, and treatments combining mulching and crop association to create favorable microsites. Seedling emergence and establishment were monitored for 12 months and analyzed with zero-inflated generalized linear mixed models. Summer sowing markedly increased both emergence and establishment compared with winter sowing. Mulching enhanced outcomes, especially when combined with crop association. Non-pioneer species showed higher establishment rates than pioneers, although responses varied among species. The best-performing treatments (summer + mulching, with or without crops) reached up to 14,500 individuals per hectare, exceeding densities typically achieved by seedling planting. Winter sowing resulted in poor establishment, emphasizing the importance of seasonal timing. These findings demonstrate that direct seeding in subtropical forests is most successful when implemented in summer with mulching. This approach improves restoration outcomes, reduces variability, and offers a cost-efficient alternative to conventional seedling planting, providing practical guidelines for ecological restoration programs in subtropical regions and for the design of agroforestry systems that integrate native species through direct seeding.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7610,"journal":{"name":"Agroforestry Systems","volume":"100 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10457-026-01667-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149034677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil organic matter mediates carbon accumulation in silvopastoral systems of the Colombian tropical dry forest","authors":"Gonzalo Villegas,&nbsp;Sebastián Montoya,&nbsp;Julián Chará,&nbsp;Rolando Barahona","doi":"10.1007/s10457-026-01663-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10457-026-01663-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Soil organic carbon (SOC) is a key indicator of soil health and a central lever for climate change mitigation in tropical agroecosystems, yet the mechanisms behind SOC accumulation under tropical dry forest conditions remain poorly resolved. We evaluated how land use system and soil properties shape SOC storage in the Cesar River Valley, Colombia, across six systems ranging from degraded pastures to intensive silvopastoral systems (ISPS), using 87 observations from 29 profiles sampled at three depths (0–30 cm). A multi-method framework combining hierarchical mixed models, path analysis, and machine learning and semiparametric approaches was used to move from association to mechanism. A prespecified contrast showed that systems with woody components stored more SOC than simple pastures (ratio = 1.22, p = 0.042), and ISPS recorded the highest stocks (14.12 Mg C ha⁻¹, 34.6% above degraded pasture). Across every approach, organic matter emerged as the primary mediator of these effects: land use influenced SOC mainly through organic matter accumulation rather than through direct changes in texture, pH or bulk density, and the organic matter to SOC relationship was essentially proportional and modulated by soil depth. These convergent results provide mechanistic evidence for silvopastoral intensification as a climate mitigation strategy in tropical dry forest landscapes, while acknowledging the correlational limits of a cross-sectional design.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7610,"journal":{"name":"Agroforestry Systems","volume":"100 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148987109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Precision agriculture applied to coffee cultivation in agroforestry systems","authors":"Wagner Silva dos Santos,&nbsp;Francisco de Assis de Carvalho Pinto,&nbsp;André Luiz de Freitas Coelho,&nbsp;Daniel Marçal de Queiroz,&nbsp;Bruno Nery Fernandes Vasconcelos","doi":"10.1007/s10457-026-01651-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10457-026-01651-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The search for more sustainable agricultural production systems is a goal of both agroforestry systems (AFS) and precision agriculture (PA). In this context, integrating PA technologies into coffee cultivation under AFS presents the potential to increase productive efficiency and sustainability. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate whether the variability of environmental conditions in coffee agroforestry systems can be estimated using technologies associated with PA. The studies were conducted on three coffee farms in Coimbra and Araponga, Minas Gerais, Brazil. For management zone delineation, combinations of apparent soil electrical conductivity (ECa), Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), and Digital Terrain Model (DTM) were used. Microclimatic variability was evaluated using weather stations, considering different agroforestry management practices and altitude conditions in mountain coffee cultivation. Canopy cover was estimated by digital image processing techniques applied to aerial images obtained by an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). The combination ECa + NDVI was efficient in delineating zones with distinct physical and chemical attributes. Agroforestry management practices and altitude influenced temperature and relative humidity. Tree canopy estimation proved viable to support management. It is concluded that PA is strategic for coffee cultivation in AFS, favoring site-specific and more sustainable management.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7610,"journal":{"name":"Agroforestry Systems","volume":"100 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10457-026-01651-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148986803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of climate zone and land use on fruit biomass, morphology, and size-dependent fruiting of Diospyros mespiliformis in West Africa","authors":"Korotimi Ouédraogo,&nbsp;Kangbéni Dimobe,&nbsp;Adjima Thiombiano","doi":"10.1007/s10457-026-01660-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10457-026-01660-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Wild fruit trees contribute substantially to food security, rural livelihoods, and climate adaptation across sub-Saharan Africa, yet most remain undomesticated and their fruit production is poorly quantified. <i>Diospyros mespiliformis</i> Hochst ex A.DC. is a key wild fruit tree in West African savannas, but quantitative information on its fruit biomass, morphological variability, and size-yield relationships across environmental gradients remains limited. This study evaluated fruit biomass, fruit and seed morphological traits, and allometric relationships across two climate zones (Sudanian and Sudano-Sahelian) and two land-use types (protected and non-protected areas) in Burkina Faso. A total of 185 fruiting trees (diameter at breast height ≥ 5 cm) were sampled across three diameter classes, with 60 trees in the Sudanian zone and 125 in the Sudano-Sahelian zone. Data were analysed using linear mixed-effects models, with the climate zone effect interpreted cautiously because the Sudanian zone was represented by a single site. Allometric equations relating fruit biomass to tree size were developed by comparing candidate functional forms and predictors. Fruit biomass increased strongly with tree size (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.001) and was higher in non-protected than protected areas (<i>P </i>= 0.009). The effect of land use depended on climate zone (<i>P </i>= 0.028), being pronounced in the Sudano-Sahelian zone but negligible in the Sudanian zone. Fruit and seed morphological traits (length, width, weight, and shape) also varied with land-use type and its interaction with climate zone (<i>P </i>&lt; 0.05 for most traits). In the Sudanian zone, trees from non-protected areas produced heavier and wider fruits than those from protected areas (7.97 vs 6.89 g; 23.0 vs 22.0 mm), whereas the two land-use types differed little in the Sudano-sahelian zone; seed traits showed trait-specific responses, and seed weight did not differ significantly. Power models best predicted fruit biomass, with mean crown diameter the single best predictor (R²adj = 41%), whereas compound predictors provided only marginal improvements in predictive performance. These findings provide practical non-destructive tools for estimating fruit biomass and offer insights for the sustainable management and early domestication of <i>D. mespiliformis</i> in West African savannas.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7610,"journal":{"name":"Agroforestry Systems","volume":"100 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148986285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Productivity, soil fertility and economic viability of fodder tree–crop silvipastoral systems in southern Karnataka, India","authors":"M. Harshitha,&nbsp;D. C. Hanumanthappa,&nbsp;A. R. Ravi,&nbsp;Gaddam Sudharshan Reddy,&nbsp;Abhishek Godi","doi":"10.1007/s10457-026-01643-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10457-026-01643-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7610,"journal":{"name":"Agroforestry Systems","volume":"100 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148986545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping documented traditional and indigenous agro-ecological knowledge in Ghana: a systematic review","authors":"Louisa Boakye,&nbsp;Philip Antwi-Agyei,&nbsp;Frank Baffour-Ata","doi":"10.1007/s10457-026-01662-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10457-026-01662-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Traditional and indigenous agro-ecological knowledge (TAEK) continues to play an important role in farming and climate adaptation in Ghana. However, evidence on these knowledge systems is scattered across different agro-ecological zones and areas of farming. This systematic review maps documented TAEK practices in Ghana, examines where they have been studied and identifies areas that still need more research. Following the main and supplementary searches and screening in line with the PRISMA guidelines, 43 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. The review found a wide range of TAEK practices relating to climate forecasting, soil fertility, crop management, pest and disease control, water management, biodiversity and livestock. Frequently documented practices included observing tree flowering, bird behaviour, cloud patterns and other environmental signs to anticipate weather conditions. Farmers also used fallowing and organic manure to maintain soil fertility, alongside crop diversification and mixed cropping. Research was concentrated mainly in the Guinea Savannah, followed by the Forest–Savannah Transition, while the Coastal Savannah, Semi-Deciduous Forest and Rain Forest zones received less attention. However, some areas of TAEK such as pollination and ecosystem services, agroforestry and biodiversity, and water management remain less studied. More research is therefore needed in these areas and in the less-represented agro-ecological zones, particularly research that examines how well traditional practices continue to work under changing environmental and climate conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7610,"journal":{"name":"Agroforestry Systems","volume":"100 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148986543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indigenous agroforestry as a nature-based climate solution: meta-analytic evidence from shifting cultivation landscapes of Northeast India","authors":"Ananya Kalita,&nbsp;Ankur Pan Saikia,&nbsp;Ruhit Jyoti Konwar,&nbsp;Nabankur Pathak,&nbsp;Pranveer Singh","doi":"10.1007/s10457-026-01666-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10457-026-01666-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Shifting cultivation (<i>jhum</i>) in Northeast India has long been debated within policy and environmental discourse, often portrayed as ecologically degrading under shortened fallow cycles. However, emerging evidence suggests that Indigenous agroforestry transitions represent adaptive transformations rather than abandonment of traditional systems. This systematic review synthesized evidence from 39 eligible studies representing 128 agroforestry sites across Northeast India; 28 studies contributed quantitative data to the meta-analysis. We evaluated ecological multifunctionality (biodiversity, carbon stocks, soil and hydrological indicators), socioeconomic resilience, and policy alignment with national and global climate commitments. Meta-analytic estimates indicated positive associations between agroforestry and biodiversity indicators, although effect magnitude and heterogeneity varied across outcomes. Agroforestry systems showed higher reported ecosystem carbon stocks than the selected comparison systems, with between-study variability in effect magnitude. Positive associations were observed for soil and hydrological indicators, including erosion and infiltration, although the available evidence was heterogeneous. Available studies generally reported greater livelihood diversification under agroforestry, while evidence for income and livelihood outcomes was less certain. Older systems tended to show larger ecological benefits, but this relationship should be interpreted cautiously because system age and site characteristics were not independently controlled across all studies. The findings indicate potential relevance to national climate, biodiversity and livelihood objectives; climate-finance estimates are presented as illustrative scenarios rather than realised financial returns. Overall, the evidence supports agroforestry as a context-dependent land-use option with potential ecological and livelihood benefits, while highlighting uncertainty related to study quality, system type and environmental context.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7610,"journal":{"name":"Agroforestry Systems","volume":"100 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148986544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}