Agroforestry Systems最新文献

{"title":"Optimizing tree shade gradients in Emblica officinalis-based agroforestry systems: impacts on soybean physio-biochemical traits and yield under degraded soils","authors":"S. B. Chavan,&nbsp;G. B. Rawale,&nbsp;Aliza Pradhan,&nbsp;A. R. Uthappa,&nbsp;V. D. Kakade,&nbsp;A. S. Morade,&nbsp;Nobin Paul,&nbsp;Bappa Das,&nbsp;A. R. Chichaghare,&nbsp;Sushil Changan,&nbsp;P. S. Khapte,&nbsp;P. S. Basavaraj,&nbsp;Rohit Babar,&nbsp;V. S. Salunkhe,&nbsp;Dinesh Jinger,&nbsp;D. D. Nangare,&nbsp;K. S. Reddy","doi":"10.1007/s10457-024-01123-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10457-024-01123-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Agroforestry is seen as a strategy to sustainably boost agricultural production by creating favorable microclimatic conditions. However, tree shade can significantly reduce crop yield, making it important to assess the balance between the positive and negative impacts of tree cover on food security, especially as climate change alters weather patterns. To understand this relationship, a trial was conducted to evaluate how tree canopy influences crop yield in degraded soils. This study examines how different levels of natural tree shade affect the physiological and biophysical constraints of soybean (<i>Glycine max</i>) in an <i>Emblica officinalis</i>-based agroforestry system. The study assessed the effects of shade intensities (S1-0%, S2-40%, S3-50%, and S4-60%) on physio-biochemical and yield traits of two soybean varieties: KDS-726 (V1) and MACS-1188 (V2). Increased shade led to significant reductions in net photosynthetic rate (16.21%, 25.32%, 40.08%), transpiration rate (6.45%, 21.14%, 39.61%), and stomatal conductance (22.86%, 39.79%, 55.91%) due to reduced light availability over control (S1-0%). Chlorophyll content and NDVI increased up to 50% shade but decreased beyond this, indicating limited photosynthesis. Higher shade levels also increased total phenol, proline, and other antioxidants, indicating increased stress. Soybean yield parameters decreased with increasing shade. The highest seed yield was in open conditions (2.15 t ha⁻¹), with reductions of 24.65%, 39.53%, and 59.53% under S2-40%, S3-50%, and S4-60% shade. KDS-726 produced 20% more seed yield than MACS-1188 (1.35 t ha⁻¹). Correlation analysis revealed that higher phenolic content and internal CO₂ levels, indicators of stress, negatively impacted seed yield (− 0.51 and − 0.49, respectively) due to reduced photosynthesis. A Crop Status Index (CSI) was derived to identify the shade threshold level in agroforestry for the first time. The highest CSI was recorded under open conditions, statistically comparable to values under 40% and 50% shade, and lowest in 60% shade. This suggests that moderate shading (up to 50%) does not significantly affect the crop’s overall status, while higher shade levels (60%) impose severe stress. Understanding the shade threshold helps manage understory crops to maximize light and reduce stress. Additionally, it demonstrates the potential of fruit-based agroforestry to rehabilitate degraded lands, enhance crop yield, increase fruit production, improve the environment, and meet India’s GROW report commitments of land degradation neutrality by restoring 26 million hectares of degraded land by 2030.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7610,"journal":{"name":"Agroforestry Systems","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142912737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oil palm- and rubber-driven deforestation in Indonesia and Malaysia (2000–2021) and efforts toward zero deforestation commitments","authors":"Md. Habibur Rahman,&nbsp;Daisuke Naito,&nbsp;Moira Moeliono,&nbsp;Yohei Mitani,&nbsp;Andres I. Susaeta","doi":"10.1007/s10457-024-01119-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10457-024-01119-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study evaluates oil palm- and rubber-driven deforestation in Indonesia and Malaysia between 2000 and 2021 through secondary data analysis from a rich data set by collecting and integrating secondary data from multiple sources. The results revealed significant tree cover loss, accounting for 82 and 250% of the primary forest loss in Indonesia and Malaysia, respectively. The area of harvested oil palm increased by 650% in Indonesia and 50% in Malaysia, while palm oil production increased by 566% in Indonesia and 65% in Malaysia over the period. Over the past two decades, Indonesia’s palm oil export volume has risen by 619%, while that of Malaysia has increased by 83%. The study revealed that rubber-harvested areas increased by 54% in Indonesia but decreased by 20% in Malaysia, with rubber production increasing by 108% in Indonesia but decreasing by 49% in Malaysia. Indonesia’s natural rubber export volume also increased by 69%, but Malaysia’s decreased by 33%. The study revealed that the impact of oil palm and rubber on deforestation varies by region and period. However, plantation expansion and associated forest conversion have slowed, which can be associated with the consumer demand for no deforestation of oil palm and rubber products. Smaller companies and smallholder farmers, not bound by zero deforestation commitments, clear forests for plantation expansion and sell their products in the leakage markets. On the other hand, two countries may experience increased deforestation pressures in the future, primarily driven by the expanding use of oil palm for biodiesel production. Finally, the findings of this study suggest the need for region-specific investigations into the interplay between oil palm and rubber cultivation and their impact on deforestation. Such studies should account for geographical and socio-economic factors, aiming to facilitate the effective implementation of zero deforestation commitments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7610,"journal":{"name":"Agroforestry Systems","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142912738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of useful plants cultivated in productive homegardens in a rural community in the semi-arid region of northeastern Brazil","authors":"Maria Nayane Batista de Sousa,&nbsp;José Ribamar de Sousa Júnior,&nbsp;Ernani Machado de Freitas Lins Neto,&nbsp;Julio Marcelino Monteiro","doi":"10.1007/s10457-024-01122-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10457-024-01122-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Productive homegardens are spaces around homes with different plant species associated with information on technology, appropriate management, food promotion, and nutritional education. They ensure product quality, distribution, access mechanisms to food, and mainly place-based development on family farming, becoming a great tool for food security and species conservation. The article analyzed the influence of gender and age on the use and knowledge of prominent plants cultivated in productive homegardens in the Fornos community, a rural area in Picos, Piauí, Brazil. The research performed semi-structured interviews, guided tours, and the application of free lists. In the 21 homegardens studied, the analysis recorded 76 species belonging to 67 genera and 38 families, highlighting the families Apocynaceae (5spp.), Fabaceae (5spp.) Lamiaceae (5spp.), Rutaceae (5spp.), Solanaceae (5spp.). Euphorbiaceae was the family with the largest number of representatives, with (699) individuals. In the homegardens surveyed, the gender or age of managers was not responsible for differences in species richness or number of individuals (structure). The preferred plants were classified into five categories (food, medicinal, ornamental, aesthetic, and shade production), and there is an overlap between the plants mentioned in the food and medicinal categories among the 14 preferred plants. Homegardens associated with traditional knowledge about useful plants, especially food plants, represent a main resource for food security in the semi-arid region, whose species provide several health benefits and improve the local quality of life.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7610,"journal":{"name":"Agroforestry Systems","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142912961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benefits and challenges of smallholder farmers adopting agroforestry: evidences from the Eastern escarpment of Chercher massive, southeast Ethiopia","authors":"Muktar Reshad,&nbsp;Zebene Asfaw,&nbsp;Muktar Mohammed","doi":"10.1007/s10457-024-01097-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10457-024-01097-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>It is widely recognized that agroforestry (AF) provides smallholder farmers with an array of social, economic, and ecological benefits. This study was aimed to assess the socio-economic and environmental benefits, conduct an investment analysis, document tree management operations, and examine the factors influencing the adoption of AF practices in the Eastern escarpment of Chercher Massive, South-East Ethiopia across four districts and six kebeles. A mixed method approach was employed to collect data from 432 respondents. The results revealed fifteen socio-economic and six environmental benefits of AF farms were mentioned. The uses of AF as source of cash, food, timber and firewood became the most prevalent ones. Farmers also plant trees on their farmland to get environmental benefits with the use of shade (90.7%) being the most frequently mentioned followed by soil erosion control. The finding also demonstrated that AF farm households mean annual net income was about 18.25% higher compared to the non-AF farm households. The analysis of the Benefit–Cost Ratio also showed that the AF farm households were found to be about 21.62% higher compared to that of the non-AF farm households indicating that farmers can decide to adopt AF practices. The AF farmers implement six main tree management strategies to maintain trees on their AF farms with pruning being the most implemented tending operation (90.5%), followed by thinning (80.6%). The Problem Facing Index (PFI) was used to identify and rank the farmers problems in implementing AF practices with longer rotation age of trees, lack of need assessment on the types of tree seedlings and the absence of nearby tree nurseries being the most severe problems. The binary regression model also indicated that demographic, socioeconomic and institutional characteristics of the households were found to affect the adoption of AF practices. However, the influence of access to irrigation services and improved seedlings were statistically insignificant. It is crucial to prioritize the development of farmer-based management strategies that integrate trees, crops, and livestock in order to produce highly demanded products and services for both socio-economic and environmental benefits of the farming households. The results may aid stakeholder in making sound decisions that will enhance rural livelihoods.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7610,"journal":{"name":"Agroforestry Systems","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142913047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Farmers’ perceptions of the practices, benefits and challenges of on-farm tree planting in Akure, Nigeria","authors":"Folasade Olatujoye,&nbsp;Tomiwa V. Oluwajuwon,&nbsp;Kehinde E. Olasuyi,&nbsp;Joel A. Bukoye,&nbsp;Tolulope O. Bodunde,&nbsp;David O. Oke","doi":"10.1007/s10457-024-01109-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10457-024-01109-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>On-farm tree planting is recommended to enhance agricultural productivity while promoting ecological conservation and providing socio-economic benefits. However, limited studies distinguish this practice from other agroforestry methods, particularly in evaluating its adoption, benefits, and constraints. This study assessed farmers’ perceptions of on-farm tree planting in Akure, Nigeria, through a survey of 100 respondents across four communities. Data were collected using semi-structured questionnaires and field observations and were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-squared test, and the logit model. Findings revealed that 57% of respondents were male, 62% were self-employed, and 42% had over 25 years of farming experience. Most farmers acquired land through purchase (36%) or inheritance (24%), with 86% practising on-farm tree planting. Timber species dominated, with fewer fruit trees, deviating from common reports. Farmers were primarily motivated by direct benefits such as timber (27%), improved crop productivity (25%), shade, building materials, firewood, fruits, and medicinal uses. Ecosystem services like soil protection, biodiversity, and carbon sequestration also motivated farmers. However, around 60% of farmers noted that tree planting negatively affected farming activities, limiting the practice's broader adoption. Other major challenges were inadequate technical support, lack of credit, limited knowledge, land tenure issues, and tree interactions with crops and animals. Adoption of tree planting was significantly associated with farmers’ age, education level, household size, employment status, land ownership, farming experience, and perceptions. Age, education, and employment status were the most influential factors. Addressing these challenges and enhancing the perceived benefits are crucial for wider adoption and upscaling of on-farm tree planting.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7610,"journal":{"name":"Agroforestry Systems","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10457-024-01109-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142889567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Summer tiller population demography in temperate forage grasses growing in subtropical silvopastoral systems","authors":"Claudio Hernández,&nbsp;Carolina Viñoles,&nbsp;Patricia Bertoncelli,&nbsp;Valentina Benítez,&nbsp;Pablo González-Barrios,&nbsp;Jaime González-Tálice,&nbsp;Jean K. Fedrigo","doi":"10.1007/s10457-024-01118-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10457-024-01118-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the face of increasingly hot and dry summers in subtropical climates, which threaten the persistence of cool-season grasses, finding effective strategies to enhance their survival is crucial for sustainable grass-based livestock production systems. We hypothesized that SPS conditions would reduce tiller mortality in grasses that are better adapted to shaded environments. This study evaluated tiller dynamics of two C3 perennial grasses of different shade tolerance (orchardgrass: tolerant, tall fescue: moderately tolerant) and a C3 biannual grass typic of moist environments (Yorkshire fog) in full sunlight and SPS with tree rows-oriented North–South (N–S) and East–West (E–W). <i>Eucalyptus grandis</i> trees significantly altered the understory microclimate, resulting in substantial reductions in photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and moderated soil temperatures. Orchardgrass emerged as the species with the highest tiller population density in the understory by the end of the first summer, particularly under N–S, benefiting from enhanced tiller survival and continuous emergence compared to tall fescue and Yorkshire fog. In contrast, tall fescue exhibited lower tiller survival and emergence under tree canopies, despite showing high tiller density in full sunlight. Tall fescue showed a significant relationship between tiller population density and survival with PAR and soil temperature, with minimal impact from soil moisture. Yorkshire fog experienced high tiller mortality across all conditions, with complete loss of tillers in the understory by summer’s end. The results suggest that in subtropical climates, silvopastoral systems can enhance orchardgrass persistence during the summer, by improving summer survival and maintaining population density.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7610,"journal":{"name":"Agroforestry Systems","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142889570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors affecting Missouri land managers’ willingness-to-adopt agroforestry practices","authors":"Kelsi Stubblefield,&nbsp;Matthew Smith,&nbsp;Sarah Lovell,&nbsp;Kelly Wilson,&nbsp;Mary Hendrickson,&nbsp;Zhen Cai","doi":"10.1007/s10457-024-01117-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10457-024-01117-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Temperate agroforestry practices offer various ecological, social, and economic benefits. However, data surrounding drivers of adoption for agroforestry in the U.S. remains limited. A survey of Missouri agricultural land managers was conducted to determine the extent of agroforestry adoption in the state, current knowledge and perceptions of agroforestry, and interest in implementing agroforestry practices. A choice experiment model was employed to assess participants’ willingness to accept (WTA) payment for adopting agroforestry practices and to determine land managers’ valuation of technical assistance and environmental benefits. Across the sample, self-reported knowledge of agroforestry practices was minimal to low (33%-78%). Perceptions of agroforestry systems for management and economic aspects were mixed, while promotion of biodiversity and environmental services were especially positive. Using a mixed logit regression model, if cost to establish a given agroforestry system was $2,500 per acre, it was determined that the average Missouri land manager would accept a per acre payment of $8,795 for alley cropping, $1,217 for forest farming, $3,080 for riparian forest buffers, $-3,546 for silvopasture, $11,458 for urban food forests, and $19,154 for windbreaks. WTA payments were lower for existing adopters of agroforestry than non-adopters. Among those who were willing to adopt agroforestry, technical assistance was valued at $1,670 per acre, while environmental benefits were valued at $2,992 per acre. In a second model testing interaction variables, participants with greater knowledge of agroforestry practices or with higher incomes were significantly more willing to adopt agroforestry practices, while participants with larger farms were less likely to adopt agroforestry.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7610,"journal":{"name":"Agroforestry Systems","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10457-024-01117-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142889569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climatic influence on agroforestry systems: comparative analysis of species diversity and stability across semi-arid, semi-humid, and humid regions in Iran","authors":"Sajad Ghanbari,&nbsp;Samira Sasanifar","doi":"10.1007/s10457-024-01130-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10457-024-01130-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the diversity and stability of agroforestry systems (AGSs) across three distinct ecological regions in Iran: the semi-arid Arasbaran, the semi-humid Zagros, and the humid Hyrcanian regions. The research aims to understand how climate impacts species richness and diversity within these systems. Data was collected from 129 farms, where species identification and various quantitative metrics, such as tree diameter and height, were measured. Biodiversity indices including Taxa_S, Shannon_H, and Equitability_J were calculated, and the species distribution was analyzed using parametric models. The results indicate significant differences in species richness and diversity across the three regions. The humid region exhibited the highest diversity, with 22 species from 10 families, whereas the semi-arid region showed the lowest diversity. The Shannon and Taxa_S indices were also significantly higher in the humid region compared to the other two regions, suggesting that the humid climate supports a wider range of species. Conversely, the semi-arid region had the highest average tree volume, possibly due to the dominance of certain species better adapted to the harsh climate. The study also found that the semi-arid and semi-humid regions corresponded to geometric and broken stick models, respectively, indicating different levels of community stability. The findings suggest that AGSs in semi-humid regions are more stable than those in semi-arid regions, likely due to more favorable climatic conditions. This research highlights the importance of considering regional climatic factors in the development and management of AGSs to optimize biodiversity conservation and agricultural productivity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7610,"journal":{"name":"Agroforestry Systems","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142889568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overall performances of Leucaena leucocephala and Morus alba in high-density protein banks at maturity in western Burkina Faso","authors":"Ollo Sib,&nbsp;Eliel González-García,&nbsp;Mohamed Habibou Assouma,&nbsp;Florentin Sanou,&nbsp;Jean-Marie Douzet,&nbsp;Patrice Koffi Kouakou,&nbsp;Der Dabiré,&nbsp;Souleymane Sanogo,&nbsp;Eric Vall","doi":"10.1007/s10457-024-01111-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10457-024-01111-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The objective of this work was to carry out long-term monitoring of protein banks (PB) established under the real-low-input-farm conditions of Burkina Faso, characterized by a Sudano-Sahelian climate type with wide variations in rainfall. The PBs, planted in 2016–2017 with <i>Leucaena leucocephala</i> (LL) and <i>Morus alba</i> (MA) at a high density (20,000 plants/ha), were monitored from 2016/2017 to 2021 for their biomass (fodder) production, chemical composition and nutritional value of the edible fodder, and their impacts on soil carbon content. The average annual fodder production of LL for the 6 PBs (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6) was 11.4 ± 2.12 t DM/ha/year, while that of MA was 3.8 ± 1.2 t DM/ha/year for the 3 PB (1, 2, and 3). Such differences are related to higher adaptive capacity for LL in such climatic conditions. Crude protein was higher in LL (19% versus 17%), but dry matter digestibility (65% versus 77%) was superior in MA. Soil carbon increased during the five monitored years, an exciting result for these poor, low-fertility soil conditions. Our results demonstrate the technical and environmental feasibility of establishing this low-input agroforestry technology in these conditions and inspire the potential of sustainable agriculture as an agroecological alternative to overcoming feed shortages for local livestock farming. However, the successful management of a PB relies on selecting the right suitable species, protecting them, and managing them during the establishment and fodder production periods with suitable cutting frequency and appropriate post-harvest management.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7610,"journal":{"name":"Agroforestry Systems","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142890496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Floristic structure, potential carbon stocks, and dynamics in cocoa-based agroforestry systems in Côte d’Ivoire (West Africa)","authors":"Kayeli Anaïs Laurence Kouadio,&nbsp;Akoua Tamia Madeleine Kouakou,&nbsp;Golou Gizèle Zanh,&nbsp;Patrick Jagoret,&nbsp;Jean-François Bastin,&nbsp;Yao Sadaiou Sabas Barima","doi":"10.1007/s10457-024-01103-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10457-024-01103-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>With about 46% of global production, Côte d’Ivoire is the world’s leading producer of cocoa beans. However, this production contributes to deforestation, exacerbating the effects of climate change. In response to this observation, this study aims to deepen knowledge on the contribution of agroforestry systems in cocoa production areas in Côte d’Ivoire to atmospheric carbon storage. These main areas are the Centre-West, South-West, and West. In these areas, floristic richness was determined in 115 plots. Carbon stocks in living biomass, dead matter, and soil were evaluated. The dynamics of carbon stocks with age were also determined. The results revealed that the West area contains the most diversified cocoa agroforests, with 161 species compared to 71 and 119 in the Centre-West and South-West, respectively. <i>Entandrophragma angolense</i>, <i>Nesogordonia papaverifera</i>, and <i>Sterculia oblonga</i>, common to these areas, are on the IUCN Red List. Carbon stock varies by area, its history, the practices present, and especially the associated species. Thus, in the former cocoa production zone (Centre-West) and the current main production zone (South-West), <i>Elaeis guineensis</i> is the main carbon reservoir, with 25.576 tC.ha⁻¹ in the Centre-West and 36.862 tC.ha⁻¹ in the South-West. In the West, local trees form the main carbon reservoir with 11.701 tC.ha⁻¹. The dynamics of total carbon stocks show heterogeneous changes in production areas according to the different stages of development of agroforestry systems. This is evidence of the complexity of carbon flow and the dynamics of cocoa systems, which are strongly influenced by the sociology of the producers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7610,"journal":{"name":"Agroforestry Systems","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10457-024-01103-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142890495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}