Agroforestry Systems最新文献

{"title":"Effects of pruning on flowering and yields of Cacao Nacional Boliviano","authors":"Chigusa Keller,&nbsp;Johanna Rüegg,&nbsp;Consuelo Campos,&nbsp;Edwin Ontiveros Loza,&nbsp;Chloé Durot,&nbsp;Joachim Milz,&nbsp;Monika Schneider,&nbsp;Stéphane Saj","doi":"10.1007/s10457-025-01204-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10457-025-01204-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cacao Nacional Boliviano (CNB), the native cacao germplasm group in the Bolivian Amazon region, possesses distinct morphological, genetic, phenological and organoleptic characteristics. It is highly sought after in the global fine-flavour chocolate market, and has importance for conservation of cacao genetic diversity. However, CNB cultivation is minor and yield levels low. Aiming to develop profitable CNB cultivation practices adapted to its distinct phenology and genetic basis, we compared parameters on CNB flowering, yields, biomass and harvesting effort in three agricultural systems with and without pruning and varying management intensity: agroforestry with pruning (AF), underplanted secondary forest with (SFwP), and without pruning (SFnP). Repeated measures linear mixed models using Restricted Maximum Likelihood were applied for statistical analysis. While AF and SFnP yielded 127.6 ± 21.4 kg ha⁻¹ and 212.4 ± 22.2 kg ha⁻¹ on average, reaching &gt; 300 kg ha⁻¹ after 11 and 9 years, respectively, SFwP yields remained significantly lower than SFnP, with an average of 58.0 ± 9.5 kg ha⁻¹ and maximum yield of 122.6 ± 36.5 kg ha⁻¹. This study demonstrates there may be a trade-off between pruning intensity and yield in AF and SFwP, as observed on young CNB trees’ yield developments and yield increases during two years without pruning in mature trees. Based on preliminary results and CNB-specific phenology, we suggest a moderate pruning intervention early in July (allowing recovery time before start of flowering season in August), along with the need for validation of our findings and further investigation into management practices tailored to CNB.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7610,"journal":{"name":"Agroforestry Systems","volume":"99 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10457-025-01204-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143938311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of exposure in adoption and intensity of tree planting practices among smallholder households in Rwanda","authors":"Hilda Kegode,&nbsp;Damien Jourdain,&nbsp;Tesfaye Woldeyohanes,&nbsp;Karl Hughes,&nbsp;Selma Tuemumunu Karuaihe","doi":"10.1007/s10457-025-01197-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10457-025-01197-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Agroforestry, widely promoted across Sub-Saharan Africa to restore degraded landscapes and improve livelihoods, has the potential to positively impact Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), specifically SDG15 (life on land) and contribute towards the achievement of SDG2 (food security) and other SDGs. However, despite substantial investment in agroforestry programs, evidence of program effectiveness in enhancing adoption is inadequate. This paper employed the augmented inverse probability weighting method to analyze the impact of exposure to agroforestry practices on the adoption and intensity of tree planting using panel household data from Eastern Rwanda. The findings show that exposure increased the probability of adoption by 7% (<i>p</i> = 0.03). A higher probability of adoption (15%, <i>p</i> = 0.01) was observed in households that were exposed both before and after the baseline period, suggesting cumulative effects of exposure over time. Exposure modestly enhanced the diversity of trees and the number of trees in cropping fields, but farmers tended to adopt more exotic than indigenous species. A higher probability of adoption and higher tree numbers were observed when male household members were exposed, and seedling provision enhanced tree numbers and species among adopters. Our findings underscore the need for continuous engagement of farmers and targeted gender-sensitive interventions. We also recommend a more structured approach to training and information dissemination, and a focus seedling availability and a suitable policy environment. </p></div>","PeriodicalId":7610,"journal":{"name":"Agroforestry Systems","volume":"99 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10457-025-01197-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143938309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intercropping ryegrass with ‘LingwuChangzao’ (Ziziphus jujuba Mill. cv. LingwuChangzao) enhances crop yield and quality in the arid regions of Northern China","authors":"Ma Yao,&nbsp;Bing Cao,&nbsp;Xiaojia Wang,&nbsp;Lingxia Feng","doi":"10.1007/s10457-025-01188-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10457-025-01188-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Agroforestry systems that incorporate tree-grass intercropping have the potential to improve land use efficiency. Nonetheless, it is very necessary to evaluate the quality and yield of crops in the intercropping system to ascertain the viability of these systems in a given region. This study contrasted the quality and yield of Lingwu Changzao jujube and Perennial ryegrass in intercropping systems with low, medium, and high planting densities. A two-year field experiment was conducted. Assessments encompassed fruit grading, cracking rate analysis, nutritional quality evaluation, cell wall composition, and enzyme activity analyses. Furthermore, ryegrass yield and quality were evaluated, and quality indices were analyzed using the membership function method. The findings indicated that the low-density intercropping (M1) was more effective in maintaining jujube quality, while the medium-density intercropping (M2) increased jujube yield by 29.58–53.69% compared to monoculture control (CK). Additionally, M2 augmented the yield of top-grade fruit, while M1 diminished the cracking rate by 11.49–13.49%, thus better preserving fruit integrity. M2 also enhanced ryegrass quality by 12.13–12.26%. M2 exhibited a higher land equivalent ratio and system productivity, with Lingwu Changzao jujube showing a more pronounced competitive edge over ryegrass. These results imply that encouraging ryegrass and jujube intercropping in the arid, ecologically fragile northern regions of China could optimize resource utilization and bolster ecosystem resilience.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7610,"journal":{"name":"Agroforestry Systems","volume":"99 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143930105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agricultural environments contribute to bird biodiversity and birdwatching in rural landscapes","authors":"Joice Aline Freiberg,&nbsp;Rafael Marian Callegaro","doi":"10.1007/s10457-025-01202-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10457-025-01202-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Brazilian natural landscapes are recognized as maintaining high biodiversity. Moreover, anthropogenic ecosystems can also contribute to society achieving sustainable development objectives, promoting the sustainable use of ecosystems and halting biodiversity loss. In this context, we analyzed the presence of bird species in six rural environments to support dialogue on environmental conservation and rural tourism. We observed 127 species, of which, 46 species were recorded in both open and forested environments. The greatest species richness was verified in the environments of Open/Agricultural (69 species) and Forest/Riparian (57 species). Species residing in the Rio Grande do Sul and summer residents predominated over summer visiting (such as <i>Mycteria americana</i> and <i>Petrochelidon pyrrhonota</i>). <i>Xanthopsar flavus</i>, considered threatened with extinction for Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, and globally by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), was observed on a single occasion in the Open/Agricultural environment. In ordering the environments, forests differed from open environments, partially due to food sources (diets), the presence of isolated trees (perches), and places for shelter and breeding. Our results suggest that maintaining heterogeneous habitats on rural areas supports a high richness of bird species, contributing to bird biodiversity in agricultural environments. This diversity of birds may be part of environmental education actions and provide cultural ecosystem services, especially bird watching associated with rural ecotourism.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7610,"journal":{"name":"Agroforestry Systems","volume":"99 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143930126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatio-temporal patterns of defoliation in agro-forestry Quercus ilex L. systems","authors":"Isabel González,&nbsp;Nerea Oliveira,&nbsp;Iciar Alberdi,&nbsp;Patricia Adame,&nbsp;Alicia Fuertes,&nbsp;Isabel Cañellas,&nbsp;Daniel Moreno-Fernández","doi":"10.1007/s10457-025-01203-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10457-025-01203-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Agroforestry systems such as holm oak (<i>Quercus ilex</i> subsp. <i>ballota</i>) dehesas face increased vulnerability due to the abandonment of sustainable practices, extreme droughts, and emerging pathogens. Despite the adaptability of <i>Q. ilex</i> to adverse conditions, signs of deterioration such as defoliation, reduced growth, and increased mortality have been observed in recent years. However, few national-wide studies have quantified the spatial and temporal components of defoliation in <i>Q. ilex</i> dehesas. This study aims to evaluate the spatio-temporal dynamics of defoliation in <i>Q. ilex</i> dehesa systems distributed across western Spain. Furthermore, we aim to study the potential effects of climate and site conditions on defoliation in <i>Q. ilex</i> stands. Defoliation was analysed over a 31-year period (1987–2018) in 254 monitoring plots, examining correlations with site variables (elevation, latitude, slope, orientation, soil texture, nitrogen, and carbon) and climate factors (temperature, precipitation). Average defoliation ranged from 17.9% to 21.5%, with northern <i>Q. ilex</i> dehesas in cooler, wetter regions exhibiting less defoliation than southern populations in harsher environments. Between 1987 and 1998, defoliation increased markedly across the region, especially in the northern dehesas of the study area (up to an 88% rise), compared to a 40–50% increase at more favourable sites. Defoliation was negatively correlated with soil nitrogen content, latitude, and elevation, and positively correlated with clay content and average annual temperature. Therefore, the forecasted harsher climatic conditions may contribute to increased defoliation of entire populations of <i>Q. ilex</i> growing in dehesas. This could threaten the persistence of these agroforestry systems and the ecosystem services provided by them, especially in the southern populations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7610,"journal":{"name":"Agroforestry Systems","volume":"99 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10457-025-01203-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143925697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management intensity does not affect the ecological indicators of coffee agroforestry systems in agricultural landscapes of the Atlantic forest zone in Brazil","authors":"Vitoria Duarte Derisso,&nbsp;Ricardo Gomes César,&nbsp;Catherine Torres de Almeida,&nbsp;Pedro H. S. Brancalion,&nbsp;Danilo R. A. Almeida,&nbsp;Paulo G. Molin,&nbsp;Aline Souza,&nbsp;Edson Vidal","doi":"10.1007/s10457-025-01201-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10457-025-01201-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Management interventions in agroforestry systems can reconcile ecological and productive outcomes while serving as part of forest restoration strategies. However, current knowledge on these impacts is still limited and controversial. Here, we assessed the effects of management intensity on coffee production and ecological indicators in coffee agroforests, as well as their potential for landscape restoration. Specifically, we identified key management practices, assessed their effects on production and ecology, analyzed potential trade-offs, and compared agroforests with old-growth forests. We assessed 10 old agroforests (15–19 years), 7 young agroforests (5–6 years), and 3 old-growth forests in the Atlantic Forest. We identified management practices most associated with coffee production using Principal Component Analysis and assessed management effects through Multiple Linear Regression. Trade-offs were tested with Spearman’s correlations, and ecological differences among systems were analyzed with ANOVA and Kruskal–Wallis tests. Higher management intensity—primarily through pruning, weeding, and natural fertilizers —significantly increased coffee production (p = 0.03) but did not impact ecological indicators. No trade-off was observed between production and ecological indicators. Overall, the management intensity and coffee production in the agroforestry were low. Old agroforests exhibited aboveground biomass levels comparable to old-growth forests. Despite relatively low coffee production, these agroforests enhance food security, income, and ecological benefits with minimal external inputs, offering a cost-effective strategy to landscape restoration. Our findings highlight that agroforestry with similar configurations but under low-intensity management can provide different benefits over time, depending on the combination of management practices. </p></div>","PeriodicalId":7610,"journal":{"name":"Agroforestry Systems","volume":"99 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143904835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A PLS-SEM approach to understanding tea growers’ adoption intentions of agroforestry boundary planting: an integrated theoretical framework","authors":"G. Gnanasanjevi,&nbsp;P. Balasubramaniam,&nbsp;N. Sriram,&nbsp;R. Gangai Selvi,&nbsp;J. Suresh","doi":"10.1007/s10457-025-01189-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10457-025-01189-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The adoption of agroforestry practices, particularly boundary planting, offers significant ecological and economic benefits for tea growers. This study integrates the Diffusion of Innovation Theory and the Theory of Planned Behavior to examine the determinants influencing the adoption intention of boundary planting among tea growers in the Nilgiris district, Tamil Nadu, India. A cross-sectional survey of 300 tea growers was conducted, and the data were analysed using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings reveal that attitude, perceived behavioral control, relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, trialability, and observability significantly influence adoption intentions, whereas subjective norms did not exhibit a statistically significant effect. These results suggest that individual perceptions of agroforestry’s benefits and feasibility exceed external social influences in decision-making. The study underscores the need for targeted interventions such as capacity-building programs, financial incentives, and technology-driven advisory services to enhance adoption. By leveraging precision agroforestry tools, structured extension programs, and market-based incentives, decision-makers and stakeholders can facilitate the large-scale integration of boundary planting within tea plantations. The findings contribute to the growing literature on agroforestry adoption and provide actionable insights for improving sustainability in tea-based farming systems. Future research should explore comparative adoption patterns across different agroforestry models and develop region-specific policy frameworks to enhance adoption scalability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7610,"journal":{"name":"Agroforestry Systems","volume":"99 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143900858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil carbon and nitrogen dynamics in agroforestry land use systems of north-western Himalayas: implications for environmental sustainability","authors":"Sakshi Tomar,&nbsp;D. R. Bhardwaj,&nbsp;Jatin Kumar,&nbsp;Prashant Sharma,&nbsp;Rushal Dogra","doi":"10.1007/s10457-025-01193-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10457-025-01193-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The soil organic carbon is critical in determining the sustainability, ecosystem services and atmospheric stability of any land use system. In this study, SOC and nitrogen pools across ten types of land use systems (LUSs) in the mid-hills of the northwestern Himalayas were estimated, namely sole cropping (SC), natural forest (NF), agri-silvi-horticulture (ASH), agri-silviculture (AS), fruit-based agroforestry system (FB), fodder-based agroforestry system (FTB), bamboo-based agroforestry system (BB), melia-based agroforestry system (MB), poplar-based agroforestry system (PB), and silvi-pasture (SP) at three different soil depths i.e., 0–20 cm (D₁), 20–40 cm (D₂) and 40–60 cm (D₃). Based on the labile and non-labile C fractions, various indices like lability index, carbon pool index and carbon management index were worked out. It was found that the active carbon pool was greater in NF (4.30 mg g⁻¹), followed by the FB (4.17 mg g⁻¹). The maximum passive carbon pool was found in NF (13.01 mg g⁻¹), followed by the SP system (11.41 mg g⁻¹). The SP system had the lowest value of lability index (LI:0.24), and the highest (LI:1.35) was reported from the FB. The maximum carbon management index (CMI) was also reported in NF (184.08), followed by the BB (161.35). Ammonical and nitrate nitrogen were reported maximum in NF, i.e., 6.93 mg kg⁻¹ and 4.34 mg kg⁻¹, respectively. On average, the carbon and nitrogen pool declined at deeper soil depth, irrespective of the land use. Findings of this study demonstrated that agroforestry LUSs in the north-western Himalayas have a remarkable ability to sequester significant amounts of carbon and nitrogen in the soil thus provide a solid basis for adopting agroforestry practices to promote eco-friendly agriculture in a sensitive Himalayan region.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7610,"journal":{"name":"Agroforestry Systems","volume":"99 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143900775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food security and economic resilience of wild snake gourd (Trichosanthes cucumerina subsp. Cucumerina) under different host trees in subtropical managed forests","authors":"Muhammad Waheed,&nbsp;Fahim Arshad,&nbsp;Murad Muhammad,&nbsp;Abeer Hashem,&nbsp;Mohamad Alnafissa,&nbsp;Elsayed Fathi Abd-Allah,&nbsp;Valisher Sapayev","doi":"10.1007/s10457-025-01200-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10457-025-01200-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Food security remains a pressing global concern, particularly in regions where traditional agriculture is increasingly challenged by climate change, population growth, and environmental degradation. Wild edible plants have gained attention as viable alternatives to enhance food security and diversify diets. This study focuses on Wild Snake Gourd (WSG) (<i>Trichosanthes cucumerina</i> subsp. <i>cucumerina</i>), a non-timber forest product with significant potential for food security and income in subtropical managed forests (Changa Manga, Chichawatni, Daphar, and Jhok). The research investigated the influence of different host trees on the leaf and fruit traits along with an economic evaluation of its collection in subtropical region of Pakistan. Ethnobotanical data were gathered through structured interviews with local collectors, while leaf and fruit functional traits were measured across four host trees: <i>Dalbergia sissoo, Morus alba, Ziziphus nummularia</i>, and <i>Vachellia farnesiana</i>. Economic analysis revealed that WSG collection contributes to rural livelihoods, with Changa Manga Forest providing the highest financial returns (average daily income: $10.72 per collector). Results showed that <i>Dalbergia</i> consistently supported the highest productivity, with an average of 16 fruits per plant, significantly higher than <i>Ziziphus</i> (5 fruits per plant, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Leaf area was also largest under <i>Dalbergia</i> (101.8 cm², <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), indicating its superior suitability as a host tree. Significant variations in leaf and fruit traits among host trees were observed, and canopy cover notably influenced WSG density (Adjusted R² = 0.592). The outcomes highlight the significant role of host-tree selection in optimizing the productivity of WSG, demonstrating its potential to enhance food security and economic resilience in subtropical managed forests. These insights emphasize the need to integrate WSG into agroforestry policies, promote sustainable harvesting practices, and improve market access for forest-dependent communities. Future research should explore genetic diversity and climate adaptability of WSG to further enhance its role in global food security strategies. </p></div>","PeriodicalId":7610,"journal":{"name":"Agroforestry Systems","volume":"99 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143900768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable production in coffee agroforestry systems in the Jaragua-Bahoruco-Enriquillo Biosphere Reserve: a discrete choice experiment","authors":"Víctor Gómez-Valenzuela,&nbsp;Katerin Ramírez,&nbsp;Yuri Durán","doi":"10.1007/s10457-025-01196-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10457-025-01196-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article analyzes the preferences of smallholder coffee producers in the surroundings of the Jaragua-Bahoruco-Enriquillo Biosphere Reserve (RBJBE) in the southwest of the Dominican Republic. In the Caribbean, coffee production and marketing have been threatened by pests’ expansion and agroecosystems’ vulnerability to climate change. A Discrete Choice Experiment (DCE) was applied to 160 coffee farmers in the RBJBE influence area to define their preferences for sustainable agroforestry production practices to support socio-technical transitions to sustainability by adopting Voluntary Sustainability Standards (VSS). The results show that the optimal combination of factors and levels for coffee farmers must balance economic resilience with environmental sustainability tailored to local geographical and demographic conditions. Preferences for diversified crops alongside coffee indicate that many farmers value reduced economic dependency on a single crop. Gender and organizational affiliation play a key role in explaining preferences. Male farmers demonstrate stronger preferences for diversification strategies, whereas female farmers prioritize stable yields. Affiliation with producer organizations increases the likelihood of adopting sustainable practices by providing access to technical training and collective bargaining opportunities. Thus, a policy mix approach is proposed to foster sustainability transitions that benefit from considering not only the structure of preference but also the mediating role of the socio-economic characteristics of coffee farmers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7610,"journal":{"name":"Agroforestry Systems","volume":"99 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143900857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}