N E Panferova, V I Pervushin, V I Lebedev, M S Belakovskiĭ, M S Khaĭdakov, L V Gutorova, T A Kabasheva, Iu N Khodkevich, M P Rykova
{"title":"[The duration of the aftereffects of UV-irradiation of man in conditions of UV-insufficiency].","authors":"N E Panferova, V I Pervushin, V I Lebedev, M S Belakovskiĭ, M S Khaĭdakov, L V Gutorova, T A Kabasheva, Iu N Khodkevich, M P Rykova","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of the present investigation was to study the aftereffect of UV-B-irradiation applied during 10 or 20 sessions. The biological effect and aftereffect duration of UV-B-irradiation of the upper body of 9 healthy volunteers (residents of the city of Moscow and its suburbs) were evaluated in autumn and winter. During UV-irradiation in the range 220-280, 280-320, or 320-400 nm the flux density was 0.035, 1.75, or 0.65 W/m2, respectively. Group 1 subjects (5 men) were exposed to UV-B-irradiation 10 times (once with 0.5, 0.6, 0.75, 0.9, 1.1, 1.35, 1.65 MED and three times with 2.0 MED) and Group 2 subjects (4 men) were exposed to UV-B-irradiation 20 times (twice with 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75 MED and eight times with 2 MED). The sessions were arranged every other day. The exposure produced a beneficial effect on the human body: skin sensitivity decreased, resistance of skin capillaries increased, Ca metabolism normalized, blood 25 (OH) D grew. The trend of responses was similar after 10 and 20 sessions; however, 20 sessions caused a longer-term aftereffect. In relation to space programs, it is concluded that UV-irradiation can be applied on the ground before short-term flights (less than 4 months) and in space during longer-term flights (greater than 4 months).</p>","PeriodicalId":76078,"journal":{"name":"Kosmicheskaia biologiia i aviakosmicheskaia meditsina","volume":"25 4","pages":"54-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13118420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Medico-biological effects of natural UV-radiation: global consequences of the destruction of the ozone layer].","authors":"A D Strzhizhovskiĭ, A S D'iakonov, V V Belousov","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effect of UV-B-radiation of high intensity on terrestrial microorganisms, aqueous ecosystems, and plants is described. The effect of UV-B-radiation on humans and animals is discussed and quantitative evaluation of ozone layer destruction is given. It is indicated that potential changes will grow continuously, producing a significant effect on the biosphere. It is concluded that UV-B-radiation as a stimulating agent should be applied with caution in general biology and medicine and in space biology and medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":76078,"journal":{"name":"Kosmicheskaia biologiia i aviakosmicheskaia meditsina","volume":"25 4","pages":"4-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13118416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Damage to the skin and eyes from solar UV-radiation].","authors":"V S Krasnovidov, V F Lysak, V K Osipovich","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Skin and eye injuries induced by solar UV-radiation are discussed. Penetration of this radiation into the skin, mechanisms of skin erythema and pigmentation as well as skin burns are described. The spectral sensitivity of the skin to UV-rays of different wavelengths as well as threshold doses are presented. Emergence of UV-radiation induced eye injuries, their clinical picture and threshold doses of deleterious effects which produce injuries of the eye conjunctiva, cornea, and core are described.</p>","PeriodicalId":76078,"journal":{"name":"Kosmicheskaia biologiia i aviakosmicheskaia meditsina","volume":"25 4","pages":"46-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13118424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[The effect of singly-administered super-erythematous doses of UV-radiation on the general body resistance of hairless mice].","authors":"G V Lobacheva, A D Strzhizhovskiĭ","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Male and female nude mice of the HRS strain were exposed to single UV-B-irradiation with biologically effective doses of 1.0 and 1.4 kJ/m2 at an intensity of 0.11 and 0.59 W/m2. The general resistance of animals was measured in terms of skin automicroflora and resistance to Staphylococcus aureus alpha-toxin injected intraperitoneally at LD50. The amount of microorganisms of the back and tail skin (shielded during exposure) did not differ from the control level 1 hour or 1, 3, 7, 14, and 21 days after irradiation. One day after exposure to UV-irradiation at a dose of 1.4 kJ/m2, toxin resistance declined. The lethality rate of mice was 33.6% and 17.9% at an intensity of UV-irradiation equal to 0.59 W/m2 and 0.11 W/m2, respectively. No effect was observed 3 days after UV-irradiation at a dose of 1.0 kJ/m2. It is concluded that single UV-irradiation with 7 MEDs can decrease body resistance, the decrease enhancing with intensity increase.</p>","PeriodicalId":76078,"journal":{"name":"Kosmicheskaia biologiia i aviakosmicheskaia meditsina","volume":"25 4","pages":"13-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13118587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Parameters of the optokinetic reaction in the rabbit following acute exposure of the eyes to UV-radiation].","authors":"A D Strzhizhovskiĭ","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rabbit eyes were exposed to UV-B-radiation (= 280-320 nm) with a biologically effective dose of 1300 J/m2. The exposure inhibited the ability of animals to perceive motion and react to velocity changes. The limit velocity of adequate response and the critical velocity of nystagmus failure measured electrooculographically made 15% and 30% on day 2 and day 9 after exposure and returned to the norm only on day 20 after irradiation. Possible mechanisms of this effect and its action upon the visual function are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":76078,"journal":{"name":"Kosmicheskaia biologiia i aviakosmicheskaia meditsina","volume":"25 4","pages":"41-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13120002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[The effect of UV-radiation on the sensory and nociceptive sensitivity of the skin of hairless mice].","authors":"A O Lazarev","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effect of UV-radiation of 12.17 and 3.27 W/m2 (with the dose rate = 23.19 kJ/m2) on the sensory and nociceptive sensitivity of the skin of nude mice was investigated in two experimental series. It was found that the pattern of changes in the sensory and nociceptive sensitivity of the skin were not correlated with UV-radiation intensity, the dose rate being the same. However, the changes were more significant, manifested earlier and disappeared later during irradiation with UV-rays of 12.17 W/m2 than with UV-rays of 3.27 W/m2.</p>","PeriodicalId":76078,"journal":{"name":"Kosmicheskaia biologiia i aviakosmicheskaia meditsina","volume":"25 4","pages":"11-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13118586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[The yield of barley plants during growth in conditions of constant exposure to high-level UV-radiation].","authors":"E V Kanash, V V Artem'eva, O V Nikandrova","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effect of high intensity UV-irradiation on barley productivity was investigated. Plant vegetation occurred in field conditions. The intensity of biologically effective UV-irradiation applied at the stages of the third leaf, onset of tillering and maturity was 0.053, 0.103, and 0.260 W/m2, respectively, which was 2, 4, and 10 times higher than the natural background in the city of Leningrad. Analysis of the yield value and structure showed that barley plants were UV-sensitive. Yield losses amounted to 22, 48, or 64%, when UV-irradiation increased 2, 4, or 10 times, respectively. Changes were found in all yield parameters such as productive bushiness, quantity and mass of developing seeds, the size of the latter being diminished (mass of 1000 seeds).</p>","PeriodicalId":76078,"journal":{"name":"Kosmicheskaia biologiia i aviakosmicheskaia meditsina","volume":"25 4","pages":"20-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13119996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[The electroretinogram parameters and the state of the cornea in the rabbit following acute exposure of the eye to UV-radiation of different intensities].","authors":"V V Belousov, A E Gramenitskiĭ","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this study was to investigate wave amplitudes and latencies of electroretinograms (ERG) and to examine the eye cornea of rabbits a month after their eye UV-B-irradiation with a biologically effective dose of 1.3 kJ/m2 at three intensities of 1.62, 0.567 or 0.157 W/m2. It was demonstrated that ERG a- and b-waves decreased significantly 7-20 days after irradiation while latencies remained unchanged. It was also found that during this time period ERG wave amplitudes were dependent on the intensity: at higher intensities amplitudes of both waves diminished to a greater extent. After irradiation with a peak intensity photokeratoconjunctivitis was more severe and prolonged; however, the effect of irradiation with two other intensities was very similar. In view of the fact that the highest intensity of UV-B-radiation was comparable with that beyond the Earth's atmosphere while the lowest intensity was close to that near the Earth's surface, the above findings can be used to solve space biology problems and to assess potential effects of the ozone layer destruction on the eye.</p>","PeriodicalId":76078,"journal":{"name":"Kosmicheskaia biologiia i aviakosmicheskaia meditsina","volume":"25 4","pages":"38-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13119999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[The effect of natural UV-radiation on the growth and activity of endogenous growth regulators in barley leaves].","authors":"O A Aknazarov, S Sh Shomansurov","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effect of natural UV-radiation on the growth of two barley varieties in the Pamir highlands was investigated. It was found that UV-radiation, whose portion in the light structure of that region was high, inhibited the growth of barley stems. The growth processes were inhibited via involvement of growth stimulants and inhibitors. UV-radiation suppressed endogenous stimulants of indole nature. Growth inhibitors proved resistant to UV-radiation.</p>","PeriodicalId":76078,"journal":{"name":"Kosmicheskaia biologiia i aviakosmicheskaia meditsina","volume":"25 4","pages":"29-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13120001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[The resonance hypothesis of motion sickness on earth].","authors":"D V Lychakov","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76078,"journal":{"name":"Kosmicheskaia biologiia i aviakosmicheskaia meditsina","volume":"25 4","pages":"57-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13118421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}