Journal of human stress最新文献_第2页

Assessment of type A behavior in children: a comparison of two instruments. 儿童A型行为的评估:两种工具的比较。

Journal of human stress Pub Date : 1987-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/0097840X.1987.9936804

E G Bishop, B J Hailey, H N Anderson

{"title":"Assessment of type A behavior in children: a comparison of two instruments.","authors":"E G Bishop, B J Hailey, H N Anderson","doi":"10.1080/0097840X.1987.9936804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0097840X.1987.9936804","url":null,"abstract":"The agreement of classifications yielded from two instruments used to assess children's Type A-Type B behavior, the Matthews Youth Test for Health (MYTH) and Hunter-Wolf (HWolf), was evaluated with a sample of rural children from the southern United States. Fifth grade children (N = 276) served as subjects. MYTH and HWolf scores were found to be only weakly correlated and the agreement of Type A-Type B classifications occurred at a rate only slightly above chance. To assess the psychometric properties of the instruments, both were subjected to factor analysis and reliability/internal consistency estimates were obtained and compared with previous results. A factor structure remarkably similar to that of previous reports was found for the MYTH but not the HWolf. The results closely parallel those of another recent report and provide further support for the recommendation that these instruments should not be considered interchangeable measures of Type A behavior and that when multiple measures cannot be employed for research, the investigator should use the MYTH. Caution is indicated in interpreting scores of either measure, however, since neither has yet been shown to relate to later development of coronary heart disease.","PeriodicalId":76006,"journal":{"name":"Journal of human stress","volume":"13 3","pages":"121-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/0097840X.1987.9936804","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14775566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

The preoperative use of the relaxation response with ambulatory surgery patients. 术前应用松弛反应配合门诊手术患者。

Journal of human stress Pub Date : 1987-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/0097840X.1987.9936801

A D Domar, J M Noe, H Benson

{"title":"The preoperative use of the relaxation response with ambulatory surgery patients.","authors":"A D Domar, J M Noe, H Benson","doi":"10.1080/0097840X.1987.9936801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0097840X.1987.9936801","url":null,"abstract":"The efficacy of the regular elicitation of the relaxation response in reducing surgical anxiety and pain in an ambulatory surgery setting was studied in a population of patients scheduled for the surgical removal of a skin cancer. Forty-nine patients with skin cancer were enrolled in the study immediately after being informed of the ned for surgery; 21 of these patients elicited the relaxation response 20 minutes per day until the day of surgery, 21 read for 20 minutes per day, and 7 were noncompliant and were excluded from the study. Contrary to expectations, neither group of patients showed any increase in anxiety immediately before or after surgery on either psychological or physiological measures. Thus, there were no differences between the two groups on any of the psychological or physiological measures of anxiety, nor were there any differences in pain perception. There were statistically significant subjective differences; the experimental patients stated that the relaxation-response technique had reduced their anxiety several days before surgery and reportedly experienced their highest levels of anxiety prior to entering the study, while the controls experienced their highest levels of anxiety during and after surgery. This suggests that (1) minor outpatient surgery does not lead to detectable increased anxiety levels on the day of surgery and (2) regular elicitation of the relaxation response can alter subjective reports of distress associated with surgery.","PeriodicalId":76006,"journal":{"name":"Journal of human stress","volume":"13 3","pages":"101-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/0097840X.1987.9936801","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14435718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 27

Secretory IgA as a measure of immunocompetence. 分泌IgA作为免疫能力的衡量标准。

Journal of human stress Pub Date : 1987-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/0097840X.1987.9936806

A A Stone, D S Cox, H Valdimarsdottir, J M Neale

引用次数: 85

Perceptions of medical school stressors: their relationship to age, year of study and trait anxiety. 对医学院压力源的感知:它们与年龄、学习年份和特质焦虑的关系。

Journal of human stress Pub Date : 1987-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/0097840X.1987.9936793

S Carmel, J Bernstein

{"title":"Perceptions of medical school stressors: their relationship to age, year of study and trait anxiety.","authors":"S Carmel, J Bernstein","doi":"10.1080/0097840X.1987.9936793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0097840X.1987.9936793","url":null,"abstract":"It has been noted that medical school is a stressful social environment. This study proposes to determine domains of medical school stressors and to investigate to what extent the perceived stressfulness of these domains is explained by age, year of study, marital status, sex, and trait anxiety. Data were obtained by self-administered questionnaires filled out by 131 students in four classes of a six-year medical school. Four clusters of stressors were revealed by factor analysis: \"off-time death,\" \"incurable condition,\" \"patient contact,\" and \"medical practice demands.\" Marital status, sex, and year of study did not correlate with any of these stressor domains. Age was positively correlated with the perception of off-time death as stressful and negatively correlated with patient contact. Trait anxiety was directly correlated with the perceived stressfulness of patient contact and medical practice demands. No independent variable explained differences in perception of all four domains. It is suggested that there are some experiences, such as facing off-time death, that are so painful that repeated exposure to them augments, rather than decreases, the perception of their stressfulness.","PeriodicalId":76006,"journal":{"name":"Journal of human stress","volume":"13 1","pages":"39-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/0097840X.1987.9936793","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14707034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 29

Noise-induced temporary threshold shifts: the effects of anticipatory stress and coping strategies. 噪声诱发的暂时性阈值转移:预期压力和应对策略的影响。

Journal of human stress Pub Date : 1987-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/0097840X.1987.9936792

P S Thompson, H A Dengerink, J M George

引用次数: 6

Chronic stress, catecholamines, and sleep disturbance at Three Mile Island. 慢性压力，儿茶酚胺，以及三里岛的睡眠障碍。

Journal of human stress Pub Date : 1987-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/0097840X.1987.9936798

L M Davidson, R Fleming, A Baum

引用次数: 85

Type A personality as a mediator of stress and strain in employed women. A型人格在职业女性压力与紧张之间的中介作用。

Journal of human stress Pub Date : 1987-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/0097840X.1987.9936795

M J Dearborn, J E Hastings

{"title":"Type A personality as a mediator of stress and strain in employed women.","authors":"M J Dearborn, J E Hastings","doi":"10.1080/0097840X.1987.9936795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0097840X.1987.9936795","url":null,"abstract":"A survey of 136 employed women was conducted. Type A personality, demographic variables, job characteristics and attitudes, health habits, and physical and psychological symptoms of strain were assessed. Average Type A score was higher than the normative mean (57th percentile). Compared with Type Bs, the Type A women had been in their current jobs for a shorter time, worked longer hours, and were less satisfied with their jobs. None of the health habit behaviors was related to Type A score. Small but substantial proportions of the sample complained that they often or always experienced a variety of physical and psychological symptoms. The former were not related to Type A score, but Type A women did tend to report more nervousness in all situations and more dysphoria of all kinds at work. Correlations between job dissatisfaction and rated job stress with symptoms were calculated separately for Type As and Type Bs. Substantial correlations were found for the Type As but not the Type Bs. Dissatisfaction and stress were related to more frequent symptom complaints in the Type As. Correlations of health habits and symptoms were also computed for Type As and Bs separately. Implications for future research are discussed.","PeriodicalId":76006,"journal":{"name":"Journal of human stress","volume":"13 2","pages":"53-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/0097840X.1987.9936795","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14733904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 33

Exploring the impact of a natural disaster on the health and psychological well-being of older adults. 探索自然灾害对老年人健康和心理健康的影响。

Journal of human stress Pub Date : 1987-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/0097840X.1987.9936796

N Krause

引用次数: 55

The relation of stress hormone excretion to type A behavior and to health. 应激激素分泌与A型行为及健康的关系。

Journal of human stress Pub Date : 1987-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/0097840X.1987.9936805

W W Lambert, B MacEvoy, I Klackenberg-Larsson, P Karlberg, J Karlberg

{"title":"The relation of stress hormone excretion to type A behavior and to health.","authors":"W W Lambert, B MacEvoy, I Klackenberg-Larsson, P Karlberg, J Karlberg","doi":"10.1080/0097840X.1987.9936805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0097840X.1987.9936805","url":null,"abstract":"The relation between catecholamine and cortisol excretion and Type A behavior, assessed using an 11-item self-report questionnaire based on the Jenkins Activity Survey, is examined in a Swedish sample of young adults (N = 149). Cluster analysis indicates that the items measure four aspects of Type A behavior: irritability, hurried behavior, work achievement, and competitiveness. These clusters are not correlated with measures of recent health care utilization. In both sexes, a higher total Type A behavior score is related to decreased daytime urine concentrations of norepinephrine and day and night concentrations of cortisol. In males, increased hurried behavior is related to lower night levels of norepinephrine; higher irritability and competitiveness predict lower night levels of epinephrine and cortisol and increased urine excretion rate. In females, higher irritability and lower competitiveness scores are related to increases in daytime urine excretion and slightly lower levels of cortisol. These results indicate that only certain aspects of the Type A syndrome are related to stress processes and imply that the behaviors serve to lower stress responses in early adulthood.","PeriodicalId":76006,"journal":{"name":"Journal of human stress","volume":"13 3","pages":"128-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/0097840X.1987.9936805","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14775567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

A test of the cognitive social learning model of type A behavior. A型行为的认知社会学习模型的检验。

Journal of human stress Pub Date : 1987-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/0097840X.1987.9936791

M T Matteson, J M Ivancevich, G O Gamble

引用次数: 11