{"title":"Chlorhexidine and thymol release from a varnish system.","authors":"E D Huizinga, J L Ruben, J Arends","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The release of chlorhexidine and/or thymol from an antimicrobial containing varnish in an in vitro model was investigated. Four varnishes with the same polymer base were studied; one with chlorhexidine only, one with thymol only, one with both agents and a placebo varnish without the active agents. Microscope glass slides were covered with the varnishes and stored in water. During the following three months liquid samples were regularly withdrawn and analysed for chlorhexidine and thymol content. The released amounts of chlorhexidine and/or thymol were determined by means of U.V. spectrophotometry. The results showed that chlorhexidine was released slowly from the chlorhexidine-only varnish compared with the thymol release from the thymol-only varnish. In the case of the clinically tested varnish (containing both active ingredients chlorhexidine and thymol) the amounts of thymol and chlorhexidine released were comparable. Most important, however, was the observation that in the last mentioned case both agents continued to be released after 3 months.</p>","PeriodicalId":75983,"journal":{"name":"Journal de biologie buccale","volume":"19 4","pages":"343-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12952946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparison of the effects of four hyperplastic agents on hamster cheek pouch mucosa.","authors":"B H Shearer, M D McMillan, H F Jenkinson","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hyperplasia in the hamster cheek pouch was examined using 4 different hyperplastic agents: oil of turpentine 50% v/v in liquid paraffin; vitamin A palmitate 10% w/v in liquid paraffin; 12-O-tetradeconyl-phorbol-13-acetate 16nM in acetone; and ethylphenylpropiolate 0.04mM in acetone. Acetone, paraffin and untreated control groups were also examined. Cheek pouches were painted 3 times a week for up to 4 weeks with each solution. Samples were removed and prepared for light microscopy 24 hours after 2 weeks of painting and 24 hours, 6, 12 and 18 weeks after 4 weeks of painting. Hyperplasia was produced by application of turpentine, vitamin A and TPA after 2 weeks of application. Further increases in epithelial width occurred after 4 weeks of painting in the turpentine and vitamin A groups but a decrease was seen in the TPA group. Six weeks (vitamin A and TPA groups) or 12 weeks (turpentine group) after the completion of treatment the epithelium had a normal histological appearance. No differences between the control or EPP treated cheek pouch mucosa could be detected. Turpentine and vitamin A can be used as models of reversible hyperplasia in the hamster cheek pouch.</p>","PeriodicalId":75983,"journal":{"name":"Journal de biologie buccale","volume":"19 4","pages":"315-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12887774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"In vitro penetration of 125I-amelogenin into the enamel and enamel organ of rat incisors.","authors":"G Blumen, C Robinson, J Merzel, T L Barrichello","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This work attempted to introduce pre-labelled intact amelogenins into developing rat enamel in vitro. The intention was ultimately to trace the fate of such proteins in the developing enamel matrix and to examine the effect of these and other molecules on ameloblast behavior. The penetration of 125I-amelogenin (25 KDa) directly into the young enamel of rat incisors, in vitro, keeping the enamel organ intact is described. The enamel (an extension approximately 8 mm from the apical end of the tooth) together with the enamel organ, was separated from the underlying dentine and placed over a strip of filter paper covering a well of micro-culture slide filled with Eagle's medium containing 125I labelled amelogenin and incubated at 37 degrees C. The enamel faced the strip of filter paper and so was adjacent to the medium. After 1 h pieces were either washed in cold medium, fixed and embedded in Epoxy-resin, or incubated in cold medium for another 1 to 10 h at 37 degrees C before embedding. One-micron thick sections were processed for autoradiography and the results showed a decreasing gradient of silver grain concentration from the dentino-enamel junction towards the enamel organ. It is expected that by determining the nature of the labelled material incorporated into the enamel and enamel organ the fate of amelogenins could be better understood.</p>","PeriodicalId":75983,"journal":{"name":"Journal de biologie buccale","volume":"19 4","pages":"305-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12952944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bacterial invasion of periodontal tissues after experimental immunosuppression in rats.","authors":"J Hemmerle, R M Frank","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A moderate gingivitis was produced in 3 groups of 10 adult Wistar rats with diet 2000 of Keyes and Jordan (1964) delivered for 30 days with a controlled feeding unit. The first group served as untreated control. The second group received 5 intraperitoneal injections of cyclosporine A (15 mg/kg body weight) from day 20 to 30 to interfere with the activation of T lymphocytes and interleukin synthesis. The third group received 2 intraperitoneal injections of cyclophosphamide (100 mg/kg on day 20 and 25) which induced a severe neutropenia. The gingival areas between the upper molar regions were prepared for light and transmission electron microscopy. In the untreated control group, a layer of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) was observed between the dental plaque and the junctional epithelium with a round cell infiltration in the superficial connective tissue. No bacterial invasion was observed. In the cyclosporine group, despite the action on T lymphocytes, no bacterial invasion occurred, but a differentiated PMN layer was present between the apical dental plaque and the junctional epithelium. In the cyclophosphamide group an important bacterial invasion was observed in the interdental epithelium as well as in the underlying connective tissue. In the local absence of PMNs, a mixed flora of Gram positive and negative bacteria of various shapes invaded epithelial as well as connective tissue cells and came in contact with the alveolar crestal bone. Resorption of the alveolar crestal bone scored according to the Keyes and Gold method (1955) was significantly more important in the cyclosporine and the cyclophosphamide group when compared to the controls (p less than 0.05). No statistical difference in bone resorption was noted between the cyclosporine and the cyclophosphamide groups. It can be concluded that the PMN layer constitutes the first line of defense opposed to bacterial invasion of the periodontal tissues.</p>","PeriodicalId":75983,"journal":{"name":"Journal de biologie buccale","volume":"19 4","pages":"271-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12953050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C E Carels, A M Kuijpers-Jagtman, F P van der Linden, M A Van't Hof
{"title":"Age reference charts of tooth length in Dutch children.","authors":"C E Carels, A M Kuijpers-Jagtman, F P van der Linden, M A Van't Hof","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The lengths of molar, premolar and canine teeth were determined from orthopantomograms collected in the Nymegen Growth Study. In this Mixed-Longitudinal Interdisciplinary Investigation orthopantomograms were taken every six months from 486 children, covering the age range 4-14 years. A statistically relevant number of mixed-longitudinal data were found for the canines and premolars in the maxilla and for the canines, premolars and molars (except third molars) in the mandible. These data on tooth formation expressed in age reference charts provide useful information for research purposes as well as for orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning.</p>","PeriodicalId":75983,"journal":{"name":"Journal de biologie buccale","volume":"19 4","pages":"297-303"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12952943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A scanning electron microscopic study of the enamel of neonatal teeth.","authors":"J R Jasmin, S Clergeau-Guerithault","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neonatal teeth, two mandibulars incisors and one maxillary central incisor, from two separate patients were examined, by SEM. Besides typical enamel anomalies, the incisors exhibited partial or total absence of root formation. These findings suggest that the early eruption of natal and neonatal teeth is dependent on osteoblastic activity within the area of the tooth germ. The reported cases show that teeth may erupt without root formation and without periodontal ligament which correlate with the role of the dental follicle during tooth eruption.</p>","PeriodicalId":75983,"journal":{"name":"Journal de biologie buccale","volume":"19 4","pages":"309-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12952945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Dental delay and microdontia in children with somatotropin hormone deficiency].","authors":"L Bigeard, J Sommermater","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The clinical effects of growth hormone deficiency on dental development were studied in 27 young people aged 3.5-17.5 years, suffering from pituitary dwarfism. They presented with either a late selective eruption of premolars whose roots appeared normal or partial eruption of the whole permanent dentition. Premolar crowns were statistically significantly smaller while the other teeth were of normal size. The hormonal deficiency produced a decrease in the level of circulating growth factors and especially of EGF which may explain the anomalies of eruption and dental morphogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":75983,"journal":{"name":"Journal de biologie buccale","volume":"19 4","pages":"291-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12952942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[A comparative study of the in vitro biocompatibility of 2 root canal sealing cements].","authors":"J Camps, I Abou Haschieh, S Mathieu, E J Proust","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility of radicular sealing cements with agarose cell culture. The two cements studied were Sealite and Pulp Canal Sealer with different mixing times. In the experimental conditions used the cytocompatibility of Sealite was better than that of Pulp Canal Sealer. The cytotoxicity of both products was not negligible and corresponded to those of other studies with Pulp Canal Sealer and a cement with amount similar composition to Sealite. Because theses cements are currently used with success in humans, the results of this test raise the question of extrapolation to man.</p>","PeriodicalId":75983,"journal":{"name":"Journal de biologie buccale","volume":"19 3","pages":"229-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13097975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[The distribution and prevalence of Haemophilus actinomycetemcomitans in the oral cavity].","authors":"M Sixou, D Duffaut-Lagarrigue, J P Lodter","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The prevalence and distribution of Haemophilus actinomycetemcomitans (H.a.) were studied in 3292 specimens of subgingival plaque on the four subgingival aspects of all teeth of the dental arch, 150 specimens from the mucosal surface (tongue and cheek) and 30 saliva specimens in 30 subjects. The sample population of 30 subjects was subdivided into three groups: 10 normal subjects, 10 subjects with localised juvenile periodontitis (SLJP) and 10 subjects with adult chronic periodontitis (SACP). The prevalences of H.a. in subgingival areas of each group mentioned were 30%, 90% and 60% respectively. Scores for prevalence obtained with other types of specimens proved to be lower except for saliva specimens which appear to be a less representative marker of subgingival prevalence of H.a.. Histograms for the distribution of H.a. revealed a predominance of this microorganism on the proximal surface of molar teeth in the three groups of patients. Only the SLJP also exhibited a high prevalence on the proximal aspect of the incisor teeth. The wide distribution of H.a. in all of the clinical groups studied suggests that this bacterium is not a good marker of periodontal disease and that it is necessary to define the most characteristic phenotypes and genotypes.</p>","PeriodicalId":75983,"journal":{"name":"Journal de biologie buccale","volume":"19 3","pages":"221-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13097974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Surface studies on titanium IMZ implants.","authors":"M Kuliralo, J J Pireaux, R Caudano, E N Dourov","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was to investigate the surface feature of the IMZ implant. Eight non-implanted new samples and four implanted samples removed one year after insertion were prepared. The 8 non-implanted samples were divided into two groups. The first group was sterilized and the second group was manipulated by bare hands. The implanted samples underwent a careful procedure to recover the metal surface. Then, both the non-implanted new samples and implanted samples were subjected to X-ray electron spectroscopy (XPS) and Rutherford back-scattering spectroscopy (KBS) analyses. Subsequently, all the samples were subjected to scanning electron microscopic (SEM) examination, and surface roughness and profilometric measurements. The SEM photomicrograph showed a rough surface composed of fused granular metal separated by gaps. Sometimes the presence of isolated well-shaped granules of 0.8-1.8 microns in diameter was observed. This structure was related to the manufacturing process of the IMZ implant. The implanted surfaces showed no intergranular gaps and appeared less rough (average roughness: Ra = 1.91 +/- 0.1 microns) compared with the new non-implanted surfaces (Ra = 4.93 +/- 0.3). XPS analysis at a maximum resolution depth of 1.5 nm revealed TiO2, C, O compounds on sterilized non-implanted surfaces. The hand-handled non-implanted surfaces on the contrary did not show TiO2 due to contamination. The elements Ca, C, O and N were found on the one-year implanted IMZ surfaces; TiO2, however, was absent. RBS analysis at a maximum resolution depth of 1000 nm, indicated a decrease of the total thickness of TiO2 after one year of IMZ implantation. The TiO2 thickness was 0.5-0.7 microns for the non-implanted new IMZ surfaces and 0.03-0.2 microns for implanted IMZ surfaces.</p>","PeriodicalId":75983,"journal":{"name":"Journal de biologie buccale","volume":"19 3","pages":"247-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13097978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}