American Journal of Otolaryngology最新文献

{"title":"The impact of vitamin D supplementation on sudden sensorineural hearing loss in vitamin D deficient patients: A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial: A pilot study","authors":"Bahareh Tavakoli,&nbsp;Sohrab Rabiei","doi":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2026.104793","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2026.104793","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Given the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) patients, this study endeavours to evaluate the impact of incorporating vitamin D supplementation into the standard treatment for individuals confirmed to be vitamin D deficient.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>In this randomized, placebo-controlled study, patients with SSNHL occurring within 45 days prior to the study and serum vitamin D levels less than 50 nmol/L or 20 ng/mL were divided into two groups. The control group received routine corticosteroid treatment plus placebo, whereas the intervention group received routine corticosteroid treatment plus Pearl, 50000 IU vitamin D3. Patients were assessed for pure-tone average (PTA) frequencies of 500, 1000, 2000, 4000, and 6000 Hz, speech reception threshold (SRT), and speech discrimination score (SDS) at baseline, 10th, and 30-day follow-up.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Baseline demographic, biochemical, and audiological characteristics showed no significant differences between groups. PTA, SRT, and SDS were assessed at baseline, 10 days, and 30 days post-treatment. Both groups exhibited significant hearing improvement at one month; however, vitamin D supplementation led to significantly greater improvements at 2000 Hz and 4000 Hz frequencies (<em>P</em> = 0.004 and <em>P</em> = 0.001, respectively), which are critical for speech perception. No significant benefits were observed at lower frequencies (500 Hz and 1000 Hz) or at 6000 Hz, where the control group showed greater improvement. Vitamin D levels significantly increased in the intervention group without affecting serum phosphorus or calcium concentrations.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Vitamin D supplementation may enhance auditory recovery at key speech-related frequencies in SSNHL patients with vitamin D deficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7591,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"47 2","pages":"Article 104793"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146028069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unique characteristics of pediatric sporadic vestibular schwannoma","authors":"Udi Shapira ,&nbsp;Riana Kipiani Abdul Halim ,&nbsp;Jeong Geum Lee ,&nbsp;In Seok Moon","doi":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2026.104788","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2026.104788","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate characteristics of pediatric sporadic (non-NF2) vestibular schwannoma (VS), we compare outcomes of sporadic adult-type vestibular schwannoma which were size- and location-matched cohort.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Single-institution retrospective matched case–control study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Pediatric patients (≤21 years) with sporadic unilateral VS and ≥ 15 months of follow-up were identified and each matched 1:2 to adult patients (&gt;21 years) by tumor size and location. The primary outcome was tumor control (stable vs recurrence/regrowth requiring treatment). Outcomes within the pediatric cohort were further analyzed for age-related differences.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Nine pediatric patients were matched to 18 adult controls. Baseline characteristics and presenting symptoms were similar. Gross total resection was achieved in 44% of children and 22% of adults (<em>P</em> = 0.071). Tumor control differed significantly: recurrence/regrowth occurred in 44% of children versus 6% of adults (<em>P</em> = 0.005). Within the pediatric group, patients with recurrence were younger (13.8 ± 2.8 vs 17.6 ± 2.6 years; <em>P</em> = 0.043). Using a 14-year cutoff, three of four recurrences (75%) occurred in children &lt;14 years versus none in older children (<em>P</em> = 0.048).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Children, particularly those under 14 years, experienced significantly poorer tumor control after surgery for sporadic VS compared with adults, despite similar tumor size and location. The higher recurrence and regrowth rates observed in the pediatric cohort suggest that a more aggressive treatment and surveillance approach may be warranted.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7591,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"47 2","pages":"Article 104788"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146211834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between hearing loss, cognitive impairment, and dementia; meta-analysis of cohort studies in which the exposure factor is hearing loss measured by audiometry","authors":"Roberto Peribáñez García ,&nbsp;Francisco Álvaro Rodriguez Rodriguez ,&nbsp;Blanca Ascaso Adiego ,&nbsp;María Isabel Adiego Leza","doi":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2026.104799","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2026.104799","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction-objectives</h3><div>There is a probable relationship between hearing loss and cognitive decline and dementia: patients with hearing loss appear to develop cognitive difficulties earlier and more frequently. However, the relationship is not completely clear. A meta-analysis of high-quality studies is needed to clarify the nature of this relationship.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Meta-analysis of cohort studies in which the exposure factor is hearing loss, necessarily measured with pure-tone audiometry, and the outcome is the progression of cognitive decline measured with validated scales or the onset of dementia. The inclusion period for the studies was 2019–2023.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 5349 articles identified, 11 cohort studies were included in the systematic review; and 8 in the meta-analysis. In those where the outcome was dementia (expressed as Hazard Ratio [HR]), a statistically significant relationship was found, with an HR of 1.32 (1.30–1.34), with low heterogeneity and a low risk of publication bias. In those where the outcome was expressed as linear regression (beta), no statistically significant results were found.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>There appears to be a relationship between hearing loss and cognitive impairment/dementia. Other forms of hearing loss (such as central hearing loss) need to be evaluated to fully assess the effect and implications of this relationship.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7591,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"47 2","pages":"Article 104799"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147421676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence in pediatric otorhinolaryngology: Assessing readability, understandability, and actionability of postoperative instructions","authors":"Alya AlZabin ,&nbsp;Hisham AlMutawa ,&nbsp;Lulwah AlTurki ,&nbsp;Yasser AlBalawi ,&nbsp;Mazyad M. AlEnezi ,&nbsp;Danah AlJomah","doi":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2026.104798","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2026.104798","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Despite the increasing use of artificial intelligence (AI) platforms in healthcare communication, their efficacy in producing patient-facing materials for pediatric surgeries is still unexplored. The readability, understandability, and actionability of postoperative instructions generated by three AI platforms (ChatGPT, Gemini, and DeepSeek) for common pediatric otorhinolaryngology (ORL) surgeries were compared in this study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Postoperative instructions were generated from each AI platform using a standardized prompt. Readability was assessed using the Flesch-Kincaid Reading Ease (FKRE) and Grade Level (FKGL). Understandability and actionability were evaluated using the Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool for Printable Materials (PEMAT-P). Comparative statistical analyses and Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>ChatGPT showed the highest readability with FKRE 64.57 (±7.20) and the lowest FKGL 7.40 (±1.54), significantly outperforming others in FKRE (<em>p</em> = 0.030). The Gemini had the highest understandability (83.20% ± 1.56; <em>p</em> = 0.027), while the DeepSeek led in actionability (71.10% ± 3.81; <em>p</em> = 0.140). No AI platform met all the adequacy thresholds (FKGL &lt;6, FKRE &gt;60, PEMAT-<em>P</em> &gt; 80%) at one time. Across the procedures, the differences in the readability, understandability, and the actionability were not statistically significant (all <em>p</em> &gt; 0.5). The correlation analysis showed that there is significant inverse relationships of FKRE with FKGL (<em>r</em> = −0.711, <em>p</em> = 0.032) and FKRE with understandability (<em>r</em> = −0.669, <em>p</em> = 0.049). The actionability was not significantly correlated with any metric.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Although each AI platform shown strengths in some domains, none consistently fulfilled the criteria for optimal patient education. These findings underscore the necessity for enhanced AI training utilizing pediatric and caregiver-specific data to improve the quality of postoperative guidance in pediatric ORL care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7591,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"47 2","pages":"Article 104798"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146185176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modified ultrasound-guided polidocanol sclerotherapy is an effective treatment for thyroid cystic-solid nodules: A single-center retrospective study","authors":"Xu Shuihua,&nbsp;Chen Ying,&nbsp;Wu Lanjing,&nbsp;Hu Zhengming","doi":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2026.104797","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2026.104797","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a modified ultrasound-guided polidocanol sclerotherapy protocol in treating benign cystic-solid thyroid nodules, and to provide a reference for clinical treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective study involved 125 patients with 126 pathologically confirmed benign cystic-solid thyroid nodules who underwent ultrasound-guided polidocanol sclerotherapy at our institution between January 2021 and December 2023. Before administering the sclerosant injection, cystic components were aspirated and irrigated with saline, and the nodules were classified on the basis of the proportion of cystic components and baseline volume, as well as patient sex and age and the color and consistency of the cystic fluid. Nodule volume was measured using ultrasonography before treatment and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after treatment. The volume reduction rate (VRR) at 12 months was calculated, and treatment efficacy and adverse events were compared among different nodule subgroups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the 126 nodules in 125 patients, 115 nodules showed an effective outcome, corresponding to an overall effectiveness rate of 91.3% (115/126). The effective rates for nodules with cystic components ≤70%, 70%–90%, and &gt; 90% were 80.0% (28/35), 94.2% (49/52), and 97.4% (38/39), respectively, and the differences among the three groups were statistically significant (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Overall efficacy did not differ significantly in relation to cyst fluid color, cyst fluid consistency, baseline nodule volume, patient age, or sex. Fourteen patients (11.2%) experienced minor adverse reactions, including mild local pain (<em>n</em> = 9), transient low-grade fever with nausea and vomiting (<em>n</em> = 2), intermittent swallowing discomfort (n = 2), and postoperative hemorrhage that was controllable by local compression (<em>n</em> = 1). All adverse reactions resolved spontaneously or with conservative management. The patients showed no significant complications, such as infection, severe pain, voice alterations, esophageal or tracheal injury, or sclerosant extravasation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Modified ultrasound-guided polidocanol sclerotherapy for benign cystic-solid thyroid nodules is safe and effective, and the treatment efficacy is positively associated with the proportion of cystic components. This technique may represent a promising alternative to ethanol injection for the management of cystic-solid thyroid nodules.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7591,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"47 2","pages":"Article 104797"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147300867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fibrin glue enhances early hearing recovery in tympanoplasty: A randomised controlled trial","authors":"Benyamin Rahmaty ,&nbsp;Sanam Asgari ,&nbsp;Mohammad Sayyadi ,&nbsp;Ali Kouhi ,&nbsp;Saeed Golparavaran ,&nbsp;Ali Aalizade ,&nbsp;Mohammad Taghi Khorsandi Ashtiani ,&nbsp;Kayvan Aghazadeh","doi":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2026.104791","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2026.104791","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To compare the efficacy of fibrin glue versus Gelfoam in cartilage tympanoplasty, focusing on graft uptake rates and short-term hearing outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this double-blind, randomised clinical trial, forty-six patients with dry tympanic membrane perforations were randomly allocated to two groups: fibrin glue with cartilage graft (Group A) and Gelfoam with cartilage graft (Group B). A single surgeon carried out all surgeries. Graft integrity and air–bone gap (ABG) closure (≤15 dB) were evaluated three months post-surgery.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Graft uptake rates were 91.3% in the fibrin group and 82.6% in the Gelfoam group (<em>p</em> &gt; 0.05). However, ABG closure ≤15 dB was achieved in 87% of the fibrin group compared to 60.9% of the Gelfoam group (<em>p</em> = 0.044), indicating a significant improvement in early hearing outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Fibrin glue tympanoplasty achieved comparable graft uptake rates to conventional Gelfoam tympanoplasty, while providing superior short-term hearing improvement. Both techniques demonstrated comparable graft integration, while fibrin glue was associated with superior early hearing recovery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7591,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"47 2","pages":"Article 104791"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146058249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of migraine in recurrent benign paroxysmal positional vertigo","authors":"Pelin Koçdor ,&nbsp;Emel Işık ,&nbsp;Oğuzhan Çetin ,&nbsp;Rüya Somer ,&nbsp;Suat Avcı ,&nbsp;Merve Kaşıkcı ,&nbsp;Levent Naci Özlüoğlu","doi":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2026.104794","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2026.104794","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) frequently recurs, affecting quality of life. Although migraine and environmental factors such as atmospheric pressure and temperature have been proposed as predictors, their precise influence remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate whether migraine, thyroid disease, and environmental factors (atmospheric pressure and temperature) predict recurrence of BPPV.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We retrospectively analyzed data from 374 patients diagnosed with BPPV between 2018 and 2024 at a university otolaryngology clinic. Clinical history, migraine and thyroid status, and meteorological data were evaluated. Multivariate logistic regression assessed independent predictors of recurrence.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Recurrence occurred in 20.1% of patients. Migraine was significantly associated with increased recurrence risk (OR 2.07; 95% CI: 1.01–4.22; <em>p</em> = 0.046), independent of age and sex, independent of thyroid disease, and environmental conditions. No significant associations were found between recurrence and atmospheric pressure (<em>p</em> = 0.586), temperature (<em>p</em> = 0.224), or thyroid disease (<em>p</em> = 0.089).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Migraine significantly predicts BPPV recurrence, independent of environmental factors. These findings strongly support routine migraine screening in clinical practice for patients with BPPV, to facilitate early identification and tailored management strategies aimed at reducing recurrence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7591,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"47 2","pages":"Article 104794"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146028012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk factors for dysphagia following total laryngectomy","authors":"Brooke Swain ,&nbsp;Clara D. Si ,&nbsp;Daniel R.S. Habib ,&nbsp;Whitney Jin ,&nbsp;Pamela Duvall ,&nbsp;Robert J. Sinard ,&nbsp;Kyle Mannion ,&nbsp;Sarah L. Rohde ,&nbsp;Alexander J. Langerman ,&nbsp;Eben L. Rosenthal ,&nbsp;Melanie D. Hicks ,&nbsp;Michael C. Topf","doi":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2025.104780","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2025.104780","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Dysphagia is a common and challenging long-term sequela following total laryngectomy (TL) that can negatively impact patient quality of life. Following TL, many patients require repeat esophageal dilations to maintain swallowing function. This study aimed to identify surgical and non-surgical risk factors associated with dysphagia following TL, defined as clinically diagnosed postoperative dysphagia based on patient-reported symptoms and dysphagia requiring dilation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a retrospective single-institution cohort study of patients who underwent total laryngectomy from 1999 to 2024. Outcomes included clinically diagnosed dysphagia and dysphagia requiring esophageal dilations, with covariates including age, BMI, preoperative PEG tube, cricomyotomy, flap reconstruction type, pharyngectomy, glossectomy, base of tongue resection, postoperative complication, neoadjuvant radiation, and adjuvant radiation. Associations between dysphagia and covariates were assessed using univariable and multivariable logistic regressions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 787 patients underwent total laryngectomy. Median follow-up was 28.5 months (Interquartile range [IQR]: 10.3–68.2 months). During the follow-up period, 212 patients (26.9 %) reported dysphagia, and 131 patients underwent dilation (16.6 %). Prior radiation (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.51, 95 % CI: 1.56–4.05, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), adjuvant radiation (aOR: 1.86; 95 % CI 1.10 to 3.17; <em>p</em> = 0.021), and tongue base resection (aOR: 2.14, 95 % CI: 1.24–3.70, <em>p</em> = 0.006) were independently associated with postoperative clinical dysphagia. Total pharyngectomy (odds ratio [OR]: 1.83, 95 % CI 1.17–2.83, <em>p</em> = 0.008) was associated with dysphagia on univariable analysis. Pedicled reconstruction (OR: 1.38, 95 % CI 1.00–1.90, <em>p</em> = 0.053) showed a trend towards increased odds of clinical dysphagia. Only prior radiation was independently associated with dysphagia requiring esophageal dilation (aOR: 2.92, 95 % CI: 1.62–5.26, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Dysphagia is common following total laryngectomy. Prior radiation, adjuvant radiation, total pharyngectomy, tongue base resection, and pedicled reconstruction were factors influencing swallowing outcomes following TL. Salvage TL patients should be counseled on the possible need for post-laryngectomy esophageal dilations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7591,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"47 2","pages":"Article 104780"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145996480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anatomical distribution and demographic features of head and neck non-melanoma skin cancers","authors":"Pasquale Di Maio ,&nbsp;Marco Giudice ,&nbsp;Antonio Cavallero ,&nbsp;Claudio Carnevale ,&nbsp;Pedro Luis Sarría-Echegaray ,&nbsp;Guillermo Til-Pérez ,&nbsp;Alessandro Nobile ,&nbsp;Lorenzo Salvatore Solimeno ,&nbsp;Oreste Iocca","doi":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2026.104800","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2026.104800","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide. NMSC predominantly affects the head and neck, with over 80% of cases arising in this region. This study aimed to investigate the differences in anatomical distribution, epidemiological and histological characteristics of NMSC in a Caucasian population.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>A retrospective analysis was conducted of 556 primary head and neck NMSC treated at a referral centre between January 2016 and December 2021. Relative tumour density (RTD), BCC/SCC ratio, and Chi-square test were used for skin tumour analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The RTD was highest on the nose (RTD 11.24, 95% CI 9.6–12.8) for basal cell carcinoma (BCC), on the ear and periauricular area (RTD 4.79, 95% CI 3.56–6.02) for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and on the cheek/cheekbone area (RTD 10, 95% CI 5.52–15.51) for SCC in situ. The total ratio BCC/SCC ratio was 2.69/1 (95% CI 2.5–2.87). The highest BCC/SCC ratio was found on the nose (6.35/1, 95% CI 5.81–6.88), while the lowest ratio on the scalp (0.4/1, 95% CI 0–3.81). Chi-square analysis revealed significant associations (p &lt; 0.05) between histologic type with primary anatomic site, age distribution, sex, and depth of invasion (DOI). At the time of diagnosis, SCC tumours were significantly larger than BCC, with mean diameters of 13.45 mm and 9.38 mm, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The analysis showed statistically significant differences in clinical presentation between BCC, SCC and SCC in situ in the head and neck region. These findings may guide clinical suspicion and therapeutic decisions during patient evaluation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7591,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"47 2","pages":"Article 104800"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146257066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient-reported quality-of-life outcomes following parotidectomy for benign parotid disease","authors":"Amy S. Wong ,&nbsp;Dean P. McKenzie ,&nbsp;Benjamin J. Dixon","doi":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2025.104770","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2025.104770","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To evaluate quality-of-life (QoL) in patients undergoing extracapsular dissection or partial superficial parotidectomy for benign parotid disease.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective cohort study was conducted in 155 patients who underwent limited parotidectomy, via an extracapsular dissection or partial superficial parotidectomy approach, between July 2015 and June 2020. Patients with malignancy and revision surgery where the primary operation was performed at another institution were excluded. QoL assessment was prospectively evaluated via telephone interviews. General QoL, health-related QoL and patient satisfaction were assessed with validated patient-reported outcome instruments.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>62 patients which fit the inclusion criteria were included for postoperative evaluation. General QoL assessment for overall health and QoL demonstrated minimal impacts after parotid surgery. Sensory impairment was the most common patient-reported symptom. In particular, numbness was the most common and severe adverse effect and correlated with greater auricular nerve sacrifice (<em>p</em> = 0.038). Aesthetic outcomes and patient satisfaction were high amongst the patient group. Tingling, itching, discomfort and scar tenderness correlated negatively with overall health but not overall QoL. Post operative complications were not associated with reduced overall health, overall QoL or patient satisfaction.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Extracapsular dissection and partial superficial parotidectomy for benign parotid disease can result in high patient satisfaction, aesthetic outcomes and QoL. Evaluation of outcomes should incorporate assessment tools with a broader perspective on patient satisfaction including cosmetic results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7591,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"47 1","pages":"Article 104770"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145676069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}