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Variation in neurotoxin, trypsin inhibitors and susceptibility to insect attack in varieties of Lathyrus sativus seeds. 植物神经毒素、胰蛋白酶抑制剂的变异及对虫害的敏感性。
Environmental physiology & biochemistry Pub Date : 1975-01-01
D N Roy, R V Bhat
{"title":"Variation in neurotoxin, trypsin inhibitors and susceptibility to insect attack in varieties of Lathyrus sativus seeds.","authors":"D N Roy,&nbsp;R V Bhat","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ten varieties of Lathyrus sativus seeds were analysed for the neurotoxin (BOAA) and trypsin inhibitor (TI) content. The BOAA content varied from 0.142 to 0.680%. The values of trypsin inhibitor content were also uniform with the exception of two varieties whose values were comparatively low. When the seeds were exposed to insects all the varieties were affected, but the two varieties showing low trypsin inhibitor content also showed some protection against infestation. Variety P-24 was low in BOAA and trypsin inhibitor content with comparatively low insect susceptability.</p>","PeriodicalId":75826,"journal":{"name":"Environmental physiology & biochemistry","volume":"5 3","pages":"172-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12327798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Some properties of a unique cadmium-binding moiety in the soluble fraction of rat testes. 大鼠睾丸可溶部分中独特镉结合片段的一些特性。
Environmental physiology & biochemistry Pub Date : 1975-01-01
R W Chen, H E Ganther
{"title":"Some properties of a unique cadmium-binding moiety in the soluble fraction of rat testes.","authors":"R W Chen,&nbsp;H E Ganther","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 30,000 molecular weight testicular Cd-binding peak (30,000 MW Cd-BP) previously implicated in Cd-induced testicular injury was unstable during storage with respect to apparent molecular weight determined by Sephadex G-75 chromatography. Storage of testicular cytosol labeled with 109Cd in vivo or in vitro for several days at 4 degrees C under nitrogen resulted in disappearance of the 30,000 MW Cd-BP and increased 109Cd uptake in other protein fractions. Rechromatography of the previously isolated 30,000 MW Cd-BP after storage gave rise to a 109Cd peak eluting in the higher molecular weight region. The latter effect was prevented by 1 mM dithiothreitol, suggesting that sulfhydryl groups were involved in the apparent aggregation. The 30,000 MW Cd-BP found in testes of rats was not present in testes of roosters, nor in liver and kidney of either species, providing further evidence of a correlation between the occurrence of 30,000 MW Cd-BP protein in the tissue and susceptibility to Cd-injury. The inability of parenterally administered HgCl2 to induce testicular injury compared to the same dose of CdCl2(0.011 mmol/kg) is apparently related to the poor uptake of Hg in the testes (one-eighteenth that of Cd) rather than to an inability of Hg to bind to the 30,000 MW Cd-BP. Our studies indicate that binding of Cd to this unique 30,000 MW testicular component, as yet unidentified, is a possible basis for the unique sensitivity of the testis to Cd injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":75826,"journal":{"name":"Environmental physiology & biochemistry","volume":"5 4","pages":"235-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12353014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Investigations into the inhibition of DNA repair processes by detergents. 洗涤剂对DNA修复过程抑制的研究。
Environmental physiology & biochemistry Pub Date : 1975-01-01
H Tuschi, W Klein, F Kocsis, E Bernat, H Altmann
{"title":"Investigations into the inhibition of DNA repair processes by detergents.","authors":"H Tuschi,&nbsp;W Klein,&nbsp;F Kocsis,&nbsp;E Bernat,&nbsp;H Altmann","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The inhibition of semi-conservative DNA replication and unscheduled DNA synthesis by three different detergents was investigated in mouse spleen cells. The investigations were made by following the kinetics of the incorporation of 3H-thymidine into the DNA, as well as by autoradiographic studies. At various concentrations different inhibition patterns were found and the significance of these findings is discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":75826,"journal":{"name":"Environmental physiology & biochemistry","volume":"5 2","pages":"84-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12327790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of DDT on the free amino acid pool of brain and kidney in guinea-pigs. 滴滴涕对豚鼠脑和肾游离氨基酸库的影响。
Environmental physiology & biochemistry Pub Date : 1975-01-01
T S Dikshith, K K Datta, K P Pandya
{"title":"Effect of DDT on the free amino acid pool of brain and kidney in guinea-pigs.","authors":"T S Dikshith,&nbsp;K K Datta,&nbsp;K P Pandya","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Free amino acid composition of brain and kidney of guinea-pig showed significant decrease after repeated exposure of skin to P-P1 DDT. Gamma amino butyric acid of the brain and proline, tyrosine and valine of kidney disappeared completely. The remaining amino acids showed a marked depletion.</p>","PeriodicalId":75826,"journal":{"name":"Environmental physiology & biochemistry","volume":"5 6","pages":"404-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12388666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Environmental impact of mosquito pesticides: influence of temefos on the brain acetylcholinesterase of killifish. 蚊虫杀虫剂对环境的影响:temefos对鳉鱼脑乙酰胆碱酯酶的影响。
Environmental physiology & biochemistry Pub Date : 1975-01-01
M Thirugnanam, A J Forgash
{"title":"Environmental impact of mosquito pesticides: influence of temefos on the brain acetylcholinesterase of killifish.","authors":"M Thirugnanam,&nbsp;A J Forgash","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Temefos and six of its metabolites were tested for their capacity to inhibit the in vitro activity of brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE) of Fundulus heteroclitus. While temefos was not inhibitory at levels up to 10.7 mM in brain homogenate samples, its metabolites were active within the range of 2 X 10(-4)mM to 1.26 mM in causing a 50% reduction in the enzyme activity. Exposure of F. heteroclitus to temefos under laboratory conditions caused a reduction in AChE activity, which was proportional to the pesticide concentration and the exposure period. Visible symptoms of organophosphate poisoning were apparent only after the AChE inhibition reached 80%. F. heteroclitus and Cyprinidon variegatus exposed to 10 biweekly applications of temefos granules in the field showed no inhibition of brain AChE. However, exposure of F. heteroclitus to biweekly applications (four) of temefos emulsion caused a reduction in the enzyme (50%), but only in the pre-third application samples. A gradual increase in brain AChE occurred both in F. heteroclitus and C. variegatus as the season progressed from April to October.</p>","PeriodicalId":75826,"journal":{"name":"Environmental physiology & biochemistry","volume":"5 6","pages":"451-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12388671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The effect of vitamin E on NO2 induced redox changes in the human erythrocyte. 维生素E对NO2诱导的人红细胞氧化还原变化的影响。
Environmental physiology & biochemistry Pub Date : 1975-01-01
S M Cassan, D H Simmons
{"title":"The effect of vitamin E on NO2 induced redox changes in the human erythrocyte.","authors":"S M Cassan,&nbsp;D H Simmons","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human erythrocytes admixed with vitamin E supplements (50 mug/ml) were exposed to NO2 in concentrations of 200-600 p.p.m. at 37 degrees C for 2 h. No protective effect against the increase in the redox ratio [NAD+]/[NADH]normally produced by NO2 was observed. It is postulated that NO2 increases the redox ratio by a mechanism independent of that producing hemolysis and prevented by vitamin E. This may involve alteration of NADH dependent enzymes by NO2.</p>","PeriodicalId":75826,"journal":{"name":"Environmental physiology & biochemistry","volume":"5 3","pages":"201-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11453761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mercury accumulation in placenta and foetal membranes. A study of dental workers and their babies. 汞在胎盘和胎膜的积累。一项关于牙医和他们的孩子的研究。
Environmental physiology & biochemistry Pub Date : 1975-01-01
A Wannag, J Skjaeråsen
{"title":"Mercury accumulation in placenta and foetal membranes. A study of dental workers and their babies.","authors":"A Wannag,&nbsp;J Skjaeråsen","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To investigate the hazards of exposure to levels of elemental mercury lower than the present TLV value (0.05 mg/m3) a group of dental workers and a nonexposed group were studied. The amount of mercury in blood from mothers and babies at the time of delivery was similar. The exposed group had increased mercury content in placenta and foetal membranes. Mercury accumulation in these organs might serve as a protection for the foetus against mercury exposure. Since exposure to sub-TLV concentrations of elemental mercury during pregnancy will not be reflected in blood mercury content at the time of delivery, the amount of mercury in placenta and foetal membranes might serve as a biological indicator of such exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":75826,"journal":{"name":"Environmental physiology & biochemistry","volume":"5 5","pages":"348-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12369893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A study of the age factor in experimental silicosis in rats. 实验性大鼠矽肺年龄因素的研究。
Environmental physiology & biochemistry Pub Date : 1975-01-01
R Shanker, A P Sahu, R K Dogra, S H Zaidi
{"title":"A study of the age factor in experimental silicosis in rats.","authors":"R Shanker,&nbsp;A P Sahu,&nbsp;R K Dogra,&nbsp;S H Zaidi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In order to study the progress of pulmonary silicosis in rats of different ages, intratracheal injections of (50 mg/150 g body weight) quartz dust of particle size less than 5 mu were given as a single dose and studies were made over a period of 180 days. The pulmonary macrophage reaction and phagocytosis in the younger age group of rats was different from that in the older animals at 30 days postinoculation. The formation of silicotic nodules was delayed in the younger animals. They consisted of thick reticulin fibers and some collagen fibers; in the older group of rats large silicotic nodules with dense collagination developed towards the termination of the experiment (180 days). The present results indicate a possible direct relationship between age and the development of experimental pulmonary silicosis in rats.</p>","PeriodicalId":75826,"journal":{"name":"Environmental physiology & biochemistry","volume":"5 3","pages":"158-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12327796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Monosodium L-glutamate-induced convulsions: temporary alteration in blood-brain barrier permeability to plasma proteins. l -谷氨酸钠引起的惊厥:血脑屏障对血浆蛋白的渗透性的暂时改变。
Environmental physiology & biochemistry Pub Date : 1975-01-01
C B Nemeroff, F D Crisley
{"title":"Monosodium L-glutamate-induced convulsions: temporary alteration in blood-brain barrier permeability to plasma proteins.","authors":"C B Nemeroff,&nbsp;F D Crisley","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Monosodium L-glutamate (MSG), a commonly used food additive, induces convulsive disorders in rats. A reversible change in the cerebrovascular permeability of plasma proteins occurs during convulsions induced by the intraperitoneal administration of 4.0 g/kg of MSG to the neonatal rat. During MSG-induced seizures, but not before or after, trypan blue dye enters into the brain tissues, whereas no dye penetration occurs in control rats receiving saline. The frequency of the incidence of MSG-induced convulsions is inversely proportional to the age of the animal. It decreases with the age of the rat. By 42 days of age no substantial seizure activity of dye penetration into the brain tissue occurs in MSG-treated rats. Histological examination indicates that seizure activity is not correlated with characteristic periventricular-arcuate area lesions known to be induced in neonates by parenteral MSG administration. No hypothalamic damage was observed in MSG-treated rats older than 10 days of age.</p>","PeriodicalId":75826,"journal":{"name":"Environmental physiology & biochemistry","volume":"5 6","pages":"389-95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12389036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of coumarins on mitochondrial function. 香豆素对线粒体功能的影响。
Environmental physiology & biochemistry Pub Date : 1975-01-01
M R Pai, N J Bai, T A Venkitasubramanian, V V Murthy
{"title":"Effect of coumarins on mitochondrial function.","authors":"M R Pai,&nbsp;N J Bai,&nbsp;T A Venkitasubramanian,&nbsp;V V Murthy","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Several derivatives of coumarin inhibited mitochondrial respiration and ATPase activity. The extent of inhibition depended on the concentration of the coumarins as well as on the substituents of the coumarin ring. Some of the coumarins stimulated ATPase activity, but all of them inhibited uncoupler-stimulated ATPase activity. Coumarins with free or substituted phenolic groups were found to exert profound effects on respiration and ATPase activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":75826,"journal":{"name":"Environmental physiology & biochemistry","volume":"5 3","pages":"184-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11344560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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