{"title":"5-HT effect and the control of the relaxation of a molluscan smooth muscle (ABRM) of Mytilus edulis L.","authors":"J Gilloteaux","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Morphological differences exist between the arrangement of myofilaments in relaxed EDTA-treated fibres (induced by a 10(-9)M Ca2+ solution, ionic strength 0.28 at pH7.0) and the fibres relaxed by 5-HT added into the same relaxing solution. Complemented by a tension recording of an ABRM preparation, we find the following characteristics during 5-HT relaxation: (i) The distance between centers of thick neighboring filaments is increased. (ii) The thin filaments appear loosely dispersed between the thick ones. These observations suggest that decrease in myofilament interactions is responsible for the plasticizing effects of 5-HT. The sarcolemma appears with some granularity after 5-HT treatment; nexuses and dyads, however, are well defined.</p>","PeriodicalId":75770,"journal":{"name":"Cytobiologie","volume":"17 1","pages":"94-106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11319311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Protoplasts from Acetabularia: isolation and fusion.","authors":"M Primke, S Berger, H G Schweiger","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Protoplasts were isolated from cells of Acetabularia cliftonii, which are presumed to be haploid. The release of the protoplasts occurred after treatment of the cells with papain or proteinase K. They are genuine protoplasts since they contain a nucleus. Fusion was initiated by mechanically pushing together two protoplasts. Under these conditions, the efficiency of fusion was more than 90% within 30 minutes at room temperature. Haploid cells from one cyst, i.e., cells which eventually would have formed gametes of the same mating type, exhibit a greater propensity for fusion as compared to haploid cells from different cysts.</p>","PeriodicalId":75770,"journal":{"name":"Cytobiologie","volume":"16 3","pages":"375-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11850753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Microtubules and organelle movements in the rust fungus Uromyces phaseoli var. vignae.","authors":"I B Heath, M C Heath","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Direct visual observation and time lapse films of in vitro differentiating infection structures of the cowpea rust fungus Uromyces phaseoli var. vignae revealed three categories of movement: a) general movement of cytoplasm, plus organelles, into the developing portions of the fungus during which the nuclei, in particular, maintained their characteristic position with remarkable constancy, b) relatively slow movements of various organelles such that they became displaced relative to one another and to the growing fungal tip, and c) erratic, rapid, saltations of small organelles over short distances. Serial section ultrastructural analysis showed that microtubules were typically orientated parallel to the direction of cytoplasm migration. Simple statistical analyses showed that the microtubules were non-randomly associated with mitochondria but only rarely associated with lipid droplets or microbodies. All microtubules were typically short (less than 2 micrometer) and, in various parts of the cell, were often intimately associated with 3 to 6 nm diameter filaments of unidentified material. Interphase nuclei characteristically lacked microtubules emanating from their variously laterally or posteriorly located NAOs (nucleus associated organelle) but were associated with groups of laterally placed microtubules. The correlations between the observed types of movement and the ultrastructure of the cells discussed in terms of various models for organelle motility.</p>","PeriodicalId":75770,"journal":{"name":"Cytobiologie","volume":"16 3","pages":"393-411"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11850754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dextran T 500--induction of spreading in Ehrlich ascites tumour cells on glass surface.","authors":"J Cieślak, W Korohoda","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The experiments were carried out in order to find factors which could induce attachment and spreading of Ehrlich ascites tumour (EAT) cells on solid substrata. In normal culture media, serum-free as well as serum-containing, these cells did not spread and very weakly attached onto glass. It was found that after coating the cell surfaces with dextran T 500 the EAT cells strongly attached and spread extensively on glass. This spreading could be inhibited or reversed by washing out the dextran or adding calf serum. Dextran T 500 caused rapid spreading also in chick embryo fibroblasts and mouse lymphocytes. Some aspects of these results in connection with contemporary views concerning the processes of cell attachment and spreading are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":75770,"journal":{"name":"Cytobiologie","volume":"16 3","pages":"381-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11769167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The genes for 5 S ribosomal RNA and transfer RNA in Tetrahymena pyriformis.","authors":"T Tønnesen","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the present communication a characterization of the 5 S rRNA genes and the tRNA genes of Tetrahymena pyriformis has been performed. The number of 5 S rRNA and tRNA genes in the macromolecular DNA has been established. Furthermore no sequence homology is observed for these genes. The number of both types of genes does not change significantly under starvation conditions. The genomic organization of the 5 S rRNA and tRNA genes has been investigated. From in vivo replication studies it is concluded, that replication of both 5 S rRNA and tRNA genes takes place throughout the whole S-period.</p>","PeriodicalId":75770,"journal":{"name":"Cytobiologie","volume":"16 3","pages":"451-79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11624868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Structure and ribonucleoprotein staining of kinetochores of colchicine-treated HeLa cells.","authors":"E Bielek","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>HeLa cells treated with colchicine show a lengthening of kinetochores lacking an inner layer. Combined EDTA- and ribonuclease treatment (BERNHARD 1969) indicate the presence of ribonucleoprotein in the dense outer layer as well as in the surrounding fine fibrillar mass. Reconstructions from serial sections reveal a band-like enlargement of these layers around the primary constriction during the inhibition of mitosis by colchicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":75770,"journal":{"name":"Cytobiologie","volume":"16 3","pages":"480-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11624869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"DNA characterization, satellite DNA localization, and nuclear organization in Tropaeolum majus.","authors":"B Deumling, W Nagl","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75770,"journal":{"name":"Cytobiologie","volume":"16 3","pages":"412-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11850755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Crystalloid bodies in Euglena.","authors":"E Marcenko","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A study has been made of the formation of crystalloid bodies (CB) in the cytoplasm of Euglena gracilis. CB have been found in strains of three bleached mutants as well as in the green wild type where they have been hitherto unknown. These bodies accumulate in the lag-phase of growth in media rich in organic carbon source (ethanol, acetate or sugars). The formation of CB is light-independent and reversible. The ultrastructure of CB reveals that they consist of aggregates of thin plates which are often associated with an osmiophilic substance. Several properties of CB indicate that they do not represent paramylon but are mostly lipid in nature and consist primarily of crystalline wax esters. The formation and role of CB is discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":75770,"journal":{"name":"Cytobiologie","volume":"16 3","pages":"485-94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11421708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Ultrastructural and chemical study of the chromatin during spermiogenesis of the fish Scyliorhinus caniculus (L.) (author's transl)].","authors":"M Gusse, P Chevaillier","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Electron microscopic, cytochemical and biochemical techniques were applied to study structural aspects and changes in nuclear components during the spermiogenesis of Scyliorhinus caniculus. Five major stages of nuclear differentiation were recognized and characterized by variations in the organization and chemical properties of chromatin. Stage I is analogous to a somatic nucleus with heterogeneous chromatin. At the second stage, the nuclear content is dispersed but the chromatin fibers are of the same diameter as those of the stage I. The nuclear elongation begins at stage III, the DNP fibers running preferentially parallel to the long axis of the nucleus. During these early modifications of chromatin structure appear two new basic nuclear proteins (S 1 and S 2) which migrate faster than histones but typical histones remain assosciated with these nuclei. In later elongation stage (stage IV), the chromatin fibers organize in a helical form and fuse side by side giving lamellar systems which have a reticular structure. At the end of this stage, the nuclear material has become uniformly compact. These late variations in chromatin organization are parallel to the association of chromatin with new basic nuclear proteins (S 3, S 4, Z 1, Z 2 and Z 3). The cytochemical and electrophoretical properties of one of these proteins (S 4) which appears at the end of spermiogenesis are similar to those of a protamine. In stage V, the chromatin is homogeneous and the nucleus assumes a helical configuration beginning at the posterior end. The deoxyribonucleoproteins of the mature sperm show some novel chemical characters, including the appearance of a stable nuclear acidophilia with the ALFERT and GESCHWIND method and extraction with 0.25 N HCl of one of the basic protein fractions newly appeared in late spermiogenesis (Z 3), two other fractions (Z 1 and Z 2) being extracted with a more drastic procedure. The other fractions described before are no more detectable.</p>","PeriodicalId":75770,"journal":{"name":"Cytobiologie","volume":"16 3","pages":"421-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11850756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}