CRC critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences最新文献_第3页

Myoglobin: methods and diagnostic uses. 肌红蛋白:方法和诊断用途。

CRC critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences Pub Date : 1978-01-01 DOI: 10.3109/10408367809150922

L J Kagen

引用次数: 30

Paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria. 阵发性寒性血红蛋白尿。

CRC critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences Pub Date : 1978-01-01 DOI: 10.3109/10408367809150915

M Djaldetti

引用次数: 4

Erythropoietin assay: present status of methods, pitfalls, and results in polycythemic disorders. 促红细胞生成素测定:红细胞增多症的方法、缺陷和结果的现状。

CRC critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences Pub Date : 1978-01-01 DOI: 10.3109/10408367909149732

W J Popovic, J W Adamson

{"title":"Erythropoietin assay: present status of methods, pitfalls, and results in polycythemic disorders.","authors":"W J Popovic, J W Adamson","doi":"10.3109/10408367909149732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/10408367909149732","url":null,"abstract":"Mammalian erythropoiesis is regulated primarily by the hormone erythropoietin (ESP). Studies of ESF have provided information about its biochemistry and its role in regulating hemoglobin synthesis. Such studies rely on assays for erythropoietic activity in biological fluid. The assay which has proven most valuable and is used most widely is based upon the incorporation of radioactive iron into newly-formed red cells of polycythemic mice. While this assay has gained wide acceptance, it is expensive, cumbersome, imprecise, and insensitive, capable of reliably detecting no less than 50 milliunits of erythropoietin. Improvements in assay techniques will require new methodology relying primarily on immunologic recognition for the determination of hormone activity. Currently under development and in experimental use are radioimmunoassays and a hemagglutination inhibition assay. While work has progressed in these areas, these assays are not of proven value at present and meaningful physiological correlations have not emerged from their use. Alternatively, assays for hormone activity using suspensions of hematopoietic cells and the measurement of incorporation of radioactive isotopes into hemoglobin have provided both improvement in sensitivity and precision. The disadvantage of these types of assays is that they are sensitive to factors other than ESF and may give misleading information, depending on whether the factors present stimulate or inhibit cellular proliferation and hemoglobin synthesis. While such techniques may provide a temporary solution to some problems associated with assaying ESF for purification or physiological studies, they are not the best answer to the overall problem of hormone detection and characterization. The most important contribution to this field will be the availability of large amounts of highly purified and well-characterized ESF.","PeriodicalId":75746,"journal":{"name":"CRC critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":"57-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3109/10408367909149732","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11953158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes. 碱性磷酸酶同工酶。

CRC critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences Pub Date : 1978-01-01

R O Briere

引用次数: 0

Autologous blood transfusion. 自体输血。

CRC critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences Pub Date : 1978-01-01 DOI: 10.3109/10408367909149731

S M Brzica, A A Pineda, H F Taswell

引用次数: 38

Alteration of human serum ribonuclease activity in malignancy. 人血清核糖核酸酶活性在恶性肿瘤中的改变。

CRC critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences Pub Date : 1978-01-01 DOI: 10.3109/10408367909149733

D Maor, M R Mardiney

{"title":"Alteration of human serum ribonuclease activity in malignancy.","authors":"D Maor, M R Mardiney","doi":"10.3109/10408367909149733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/10408367909149733","url":null,"abstract":"A review of the literature and current biochemical studies is presented which provides significant evidence of alteration in the level of the enzyme ribonuclease activity in cancer. Current studies reveal that 80% of all cancer patients have alteration in ribonuclease activity and that individuals known to be at high risk for the development of cancer also demonstrate significant alteration of ribonuclease activity. It is noted that while elevation of serum ribonuclease exists within the cancer state and appears to be independent of clinical status (relapse, remission, or cured), diminished activity is found within the tumor itself. Animal models are reviewed which demonstrate that ribonuclease activity becomes elevated in the murine species subsequent to the transplantation of tumor and following the infection of the host with oncogenic virus. The occurrence of elevated ribonuclease activity in high tumor incidence strain mice long before the development of overt tumor is alos discussed. To date it is not possible to assign a specific function to the changes in the level of ribonuclease in connection with the cancer state. However, evidence indicating that tumor chemotherapy is generally associated with early elevation of ribonuclease activity within the tumor cell suggests that increased ribonuclease activity may play a role in the process by which the host restricts neoplastic transformation. The potential of this enzyme as a biochemical marker in cancer is discussed.","PeriodicalId":75746,"journal":{"name":"CRC critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":"89-111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3109/10408367909149733","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11953159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 21

The microbiology of paranasal sinus infections: diagnosis and management. 副鼻窦感染的微生物学:诊断和处理。

CRC critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences Pub Date : 1978-01-01 DOI: 10.3109/10408367809150917

D H Rice

{"title":"The microbiology of paranasal sinus infections: diagnosis and management.","authors":"D H Rice","doi":"10.3109/10408367809150917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/10408367809150917","url":null,"abstract":"Study of the bacteriology of sinusitis and its diagnosis and treatment has been difficult. One problem is the anatomy of the paranasal sinuses; all communicate with a bacteriologically contaminated cavity. Access to all but the frontal sinus involves traversing either the nasal or oral cavity, both of which are teeming with aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. The criteria used to establish the diagnosis of sinusitis has varied widely. There are a number of examination techniques available, but none are foolproof. Therefore, patient populations may not be comparable. The absolute elimination of the possibility of contamination of culture specimens is impossible. Investigators have taken cultures in several ways: of the purulent secretions within the nose, of the contents lavaged from the sinus into the nose, of material aspirated from the sinus, and of tissue removed from the sinus. In most studies prior to 1974, anaerobic cultures were not performed. Studies of various treatment programs have used differing criteria to monitor the progress of treatment. No single method is completely reliable. Clinical signs and symptoms, radiologic appearance, the results of irrigation, and thermography have been used to follow patients. Many studies have used multiple therapeutic maneuvers concurrently, for example, antibiotics, lavage, and a decongestant. In some there were no controls. Because of these problems, as is true in many clinical areas of investigation, meaningful comparisons of various studies are difficult. Despite this, there are some areas of consensus in the literature.","PeriodicalId":75746,"journal":{"name":"CRC critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences","volume":"9 2","pages":"105-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3109/10408367809150917","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11608817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Clinical enzymology in cancer. 癌症的临床酶学。

CRC critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences Pub Date : 1978-01-01 DOI: 10.3109/10408367809150916

S F Markel

引用次数: 0

Enzyme multiplied immunoassay technique: a review. 酶倍增免疫测定技术综述。

CRC critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences Pub Date : 1978-01-01 DOI: 10.3109/10408367809150923

E G Curtis, J A Patel

引用次数: 13

Newer aspects of pernicious anemia. 恶性贫血的新方面。

CRC critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences Pub Date : 1978-01-01 DOI: 10.3109/10408367809150914

L Kass

{"title":"Newer aspects of pernicious anemia.","authors":"L Kass","doi":"10.3109/10408367809150914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/10408367809150914","url":null,"abstract":"Although readily treatable with vitamin B12, pernicious anemia continues to captivate investigative endeavors of those interested in the pathophysiology and pathogenesis of this disorder. Notable advances have been made in understanding properties of intrinsic factor, vitamin B12-binding proteins, structure and de novo synthesis of vitamin B12, mechanism of action of vitamin B12-dependent enzymes in man, and metabolic consequences of reduced activities of these enzymes in pernicious anemia. Similarly, newer morphological observations have given information regarding pathogenesis of some of the cytological abnormalities found in megaloblasts, and recent cytochemical studies have shed light on abnormalities of nuclear and cytoplasmic constituents in vitamin B12-deficient cells. Both cellular and humoral factors may contribute to immune-mediated processes in pernicious anemia, although as yet, it has not been established with certainty that pernicious anemia is an autoimmune disorder. As we look ahead, it will be important to define the process or processes responsible for atrophic gastritis, which is the pathophysiological basis of pernicious anemia. Likewise, advances in biophysics used in the study of cell membranes, cell surface phenomena, and metallic ion transport may find applicability in the study of pernicious anemia and perhaps provide further insights into metabolic abnormalities responsible for the development of megaloblastosis.","PeriodicalId":75746,"journal":{"name":"CRC critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3109/10408367809150914","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11607900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1