CRC critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences最新文献_第2页

Actinomycosis of the head and neck. 头颈部放线菌病。

CRC critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences Pub Date : 1979-11-01 DOI: 10.3109/10408367909105856

W J Richtsmeier, M E Johns

{"title":"Actinomycosis of the head and neck.","authors":"W J Richtsmeier, M E Johns","doi":"10.3109/10408367909105856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/10408367909105856","url":null,"abstract":"Actinomycosis has been known to involve virtually every anatomic site in the body; those infections involving the head and neck will be reviewed. Actinomycosis of the head and neck has many presentations; it may disguise itself as a tumor or present as a draining abscess which has failed to reveal an infectious agent as its etiology. With more recent attention directed toward the detection of anaerobic organisms especially in the cervicofacial region, this diagnosis is being made more frequently. In this review, a discussion of the bacteriology of Actinomyces, including a review of its taxonomy, morphology, growth requirements, and biochemistry, will be presented. Recommendations are made to clinicians and laboratory personnel who handle such specimens in order that they might obtain maximum information. In addition, infections which mimic or accompany actinomycosis will be reviewed. The diagnosis and management of this infection, including the physical exam, X-ray and laboratory tests, and collection and handling of specimens, as well as the surgical and antibiotic therapy will be discussed in depth. The variety of clinical presentations with their differential diagnosis is used to illustrate the complexity of this disease.","PeriodicalId":75746,"journal":{"name":"CRC critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences","volume":"11 2","pages":"175-202"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3109/10408367909105856","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11596367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 49

Plasma protein patterns in health and disease. 血浆蛋白在健康和疾病中的模式。

CRC critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences Pub Date : 1979-08-01 DOI: 10.3109/10408367909105852

L M Killingsworth

{"title":"Plasma protein patterns in health and disease.","authors":"L M Killingsworth","doi":"10.3109/10408367909105852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/10408367909105852","url":null,"abstract":"The complex nature of protein metabolism has made interpretation of serum protein data a difficult task. Interpretive efforts can be facilitated by use of protein profiles which consist of quantitative immunochemical data combined with qualitative electrophoretic patterns. These profiles can be designed to clarify physiological relationships and emphasize pathological conditions through pattern recognition. This review will present protein profiles observed in acute, subacute, and chronic inflammation: liver diseases, protein losing disorders, plasma cell dyscrasias, humoral immune deficiencies, autoimmune diseases, genetic deficiency states, and other disorders. The value of consultative interaction and the use of combined profiles in the assessment of a patient's protein status will be covered. A discussion of protein patterns in normal individuals will include data on day-to-day, age- and sex-related variation. A section on management of protein data will present various approaches to profile reporting. Graphical report formats which minimize the time required for information transfer and simplify assimilation of results will be emphasized.","PeriodicalId":75746,"journal":{"name":"CRC critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":"1-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3109/10408367909105852","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11596365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 35

Lipoprotein-X. Lipoprotein-X。

CRC critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences Pub Date : 1979-08-01 DOI: 10.3109/10408367909105853

S Narayanan

{"title":"Lipoprotein-X.","authors":"S Narayanan","doi":"10.3109/10408367909105853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/10408367909105853","url":null,"abstract":"Lipoprotein-X is an abnormal lipoprotein that appears in the sera of patients with obstructive jaundice, and thus is a sensitive indicator of cholestasis. In patients with familial plasma lecithin, Cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) deficiency, there is an inverse relationship between plasma Lp-X levels and LCAT activity. Ultracentrifugation procedures utilized for isolation of Lp-X have shown that it is associated with the low density lipoprotein fraction. Lp-X can be visualized by electrophoresis on either Agar or Agarose. The purity of Lp-X preparations has been documented by immunochemical procedures. The availability of highly purified antisera to Lp-X has served as a basis of one of the assay procedures for this lipoprotein. It's chemical composition has been established. Phospholipids and unesterified cholesterol constitute the bulk of the Lp-X molecule. Electron microscopic studies have demonstrated that Lp-X is a spherical particle which has strong aggregating properties. Membrane bound enzymes have been shown to aggregate with Lp-X. The fact that bile lipoprotein can be converted to Lp-X by the addition of albumin and that Lp-X can be converted to bile lipoprotein by the addition of bile salts offers a possible explanation for the origins of Lp-X. Phospholipases of plasma might play a role in the catabolism of Lp-X. The value and limitations of Lp-X determinations will also be addressed in this review.","PeriodicalId":75746,"journal":{"name":"CRC critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":"31-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3109/10408367909105853","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11596366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Selective ion monitoring in clinical chemistry. 临床化学中的选择性离子监测。

CRC critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences Pub Date : 1979-08-01 DOI: 10.3109/10408367909105854

I Björkhem

引用次数: 27

Serum ferritin. 血清铁蛋白。

CRC critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences Pub Date : 1979-01-01 DOI: 10.3109/10408367909147133

M Worwood

{"title":"Serum ferritin.","authors":"M Worwood","doi":"10.3109/10408367909147133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/10408367909147133","url":null,"abstract":"(1) Brief introduction to iron metabolism and the biochemistry of ferritin. (2) Early studies of circulating ferritin. (3) Methods for measuring serum ferritin concentrations -- immunoradiometric, radioimmuno- and enzyme-linked immuno assays based on liver or spleen ferritin -- an evaluation of these techniques. (4) Serum ferritin concentrations in normal subjects -- definition of normality -- relationship between storage iron and serum ferritin concentrations -- changes during development from birth to old age -- iron deficiency -- variability of serum ferritin concentration -- evaluation of use of ferritin assay for assessment of storage iron levels. (5) Serum ferritin concentrations in disease -- hemochromatosis -- secondary iron overload -- liver damage -- infection and chronic disease -- cancer. (6) Assay of serum ferritin with antibodies to ferritins other than liver or spleen -- ferritinemia and cancer. (7) Properties of serum ferritin -- molecular weight -- iron content -- isoelectric focusing patterns -- carbohydrate content -- immunological properties. (8) Physiology of circulating ferritin -- release of ferritin from tissues -- origin of circulating ferritin -- clearance from the plasma -- iron and protein turnover. (9) Summary -- factors influencing serum ferritin concentrations and clinical use of ferritin estimations.","PeriodicalId":75746,"journal":{"name":"CRC critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences","volume":"10 2","pages":"171-204"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3109/10408367909147133","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11587087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Prophylaxis and therapy of venous thromboembolism. 静脉血栓栓塞的预防和治疗。

CRC critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences Pub Date : 1979-01-01 DOI: 10.3109/10408367909147136

A G Turpie, J Hirsh

{"title":"Prophylaxis and therapy of venous thromboembolism.","authors":"A G Turpie, J Hirsh","doi":"10.3109/10408367909147136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/10408367909147136","url":null,"abstract":"Heparin is an anticoagulant drug which is used for the prophylaxis and treatment of venous thromboembolism and for the treatment of some cases of arterial thromboembolism. Venous thromboembolism is the commonest preventable cause of death in hospitalized patients, and the best approach to reduce its morbidity and mortality is the use of safe, effective, prophylaxis in patients at high risk. The use of low doses of heparin given s.c. (5000 units, 8 hourly)) has been shown in prospective clinical trials to be effective prophylaxis against venous thrombosis and nonfatal and fatal pulmonary embolism in patients undergoing general abdominothoracic surgery, without producing dangerous bleeding. Low-dose heparin, however, is not totally effective in patients undergoing hip surgery and suprapubic prostatectomy. The lack of benefit in these patients may be related to the intensity of the provocation to thrombosis. The use of heparin in large doses to treat thrombosis is associated with hemorrhagic complications in up to 30% of patients. There is evidence that continuous i.v. heparin is associated with fewer hemorrhagic complications than intermittent i.v. heparin, but the frequency is not related to the dose or to the use of laboratory monitoring. Hemorrhagic complications occur more frequently in elderly patients and in females and is more common following surgical operations. The frequency of recurrent venous thromboembolism is low in patients on therapeutic doses of heparin, and there is no difference in the frequency of recurrence in patients receiving heparin by continuous i.v. or intermittent i.v. administration.","PeriodicalId":75746,"journal":{"name":"CRC critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences","volume":"10 3","pages":"247-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3109/10408367909147136","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11589875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

SI units. 国际单位制。

CRC critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences Pub Date : 1979-01-01 DOI: 10.3109/10408367909147132

H P Lehmann

引用次数: 1

New aspects of preleukemic disorders. 白血病前期疾病的新方面。

CRC critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences Pub Date : 1979-01-01 DOI: 10.3109/10408367909147138

L Kass

{"title":"New aspects of preleukemic disorders.","authors":"L Kass","doi":"10.3109/10408367909147138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/10408367909147138","url":null,"abstract":"Preleukemic disorders are a controversial group of panmyelopathic disturbances that often precede the emergence of acute myeloblastic or myelomonocytic leukemia. In most instances, these preleukemic disorders are characterized by slowly developing myeloblastosis of the bone marrow. They include preleukemia, primary acquired panmyelopathy with myeloblastosis or smouldering acute leukemia, erythroleukemia, and subacute myelomonocytic leukemia. Sometimes, transitions between these various preleukemic disorders may be observed in a single individual. Abnormalities in cellular differentiation are expressed in cytochemical aberrations and in elaboration of colony forming units by marrow cells of patients with preleukemic disorders. Cytogenic and cellular kinetic abnormalities link preleukemic disorders closely to acute myeloblastic or myelomonocytic leukemia, although in many patients with preleukemic disorders, conversion to acute leukemia is not observed or perhaps not recognized. Understanding pathogenetic and pathophysiological aspects of preleukemic disorders may shed light on aspects of cellular proliferation and cellular differentiation in the acute leukemias.","PeriodicalId":75746,"journal":{"name":"CRC critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences","volume":"10 4","pages":"329-96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3109/10408367909147138","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11505085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Cytochemistry of esterases. 酯酶的细胞化学。

CRC critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences Pub Date : 1979-01-01 DOI: 10.3109/10408367909147134

L Kass

引用次数: 20

The hypercoagulability states. 高凝状态。

CRC critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences Pub Date : 1979-01-01 DOI: 10.3109/10408367909147139

C F Arkin, A S Hartman

引用次数: 8