American journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging最新文献

{"title":"Incidental renal masses on SPECT/CT and PET/CT.","authors":"Jorge D Oldan,&nbsp;Amir H Khandani","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While the presence of incidental breast and lung masses on cardiac scans is well known, renal masses are often incidentally discovered as well on cardiac examinations, some of which are malignant. We searched the electronic medical record system over the past 18 years, since the system was installed, for patients with a cardiac rubidium-82 (⁸²Rb) rubidium PET/CT or technetium-99m (^99mTc) sestamibi SPECT/CT performed within 1 year of a renal-protocol CT or MR. Each PET/CT or SPECT/CT was examined for presence of a renal lesion on the attenuation-correction CT images. We found 43 SPECT/CT and 18 PET/CT studies which fit the desired criteria. Of these, 7 SPECT/CT studies and 2 PET/CT studies demonstrated the renal mass on at least one of the two sets of CT images (rest or stress); if not visible, most commonly the tumor was either out of the field of view or had already been removed. Of these, 6 SPECT/CT and 2 PET/CT studies demonstrated a malignancy. Cardiac SPECT/CT and PET/CT images demonstrate incidental renal masses with a non-negligible frequency, and CT images should be carefully examined.</p>","PeriodicalId":7572,"journal":{"name":"American journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging","volume":"12 3","pages":"81-85"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9301087/pdf/ajnmmi0012-0081.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40644839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between body mass index and external exposure in hyperthyroid patients treated with iodine-131.","authors":"Ghazal Yazdanpanah,&nbsp;Mohammad Nematdar,&nbsp;Hoda Talebian,&nbsp;Ali Shabestani Monfared","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We performed this study to evaluate the correlation between Body Mass Index (BMI) and Exposure Rate (ER) of hyperthyroid patients treated with iodine-131 so that in case of any relationship, we can improve the prescribed dose for the treatment of hyperthyroid patients and its side effects on the body and the environment. In this analytical and cross-sectional study, 30 patients with hyperthyroidism treated with liquid iodine-131 were randomly selected. We recorded demographic indicators (age, height, and weight) and ER. Patients were treated with the activity of 8-29 mCi (mean 14.4 mCi) oral I-131. The external radiation of patients was measured from a distance of one meter parallel to the patient's thyroid gland at intervals of 6 to 24 hours post-iodine-131 administration. ER measurements and other acquired data were statistically analyzed by R software and its methods. Data were normalized using the Shapiro method, and due to the non-normality of the data in the correlation test, the Spearman method was used. The measurements of this study represent two main findings: 1. There is a significant relationship between ER and iodine-131 activity because the observed significance level (<i>P</i>-value =0.002) is smaller than the predicted error value (0.01). 2. There is no significant relationship between ER and BMI because the observed significance level (<i>P</i>-value =0.082) is greater than the predicted error value (0.05). The present study's findings show a negative relationship between BMI and ER. Still, since the <i>P</i>-value is more than 0.05, this relationship is not statistically significant.</p>","PeriodicalId":7572,"journal":{"name":"American journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging","volume":"12 3","pages":"99-105"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9301089/pdf/ajnmmi0012-0099.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40644835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vascular age based on coronary calcium burden and carotid intima media thickness (a comparative study).","authors":"Maryam Moradi,&nbsp;Mahnaz Fosouli,&nbsp;Jalil Khataei","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Considering the importance of vascular age in the risk assessment of cardiovascular events and the presence of different methods for its estimation, this study aims to evaluate and compare vascular age according to coronary artery calcium scoring (CACS) and carotid ultrasonography.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was conducted in Isfahan on patients who underwent CACS and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) assessments within 30 days. In patients who were candidates for CACS, calcium score was measured, then they were invited for carotid ultrasonography, and CIMT was measured. Vascular age was estimated based on these methods using available formulas.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, 115 patients were enrolled. (Male 52.2%, female 47.8%). The mean chronological age was 59.08 ± 14.90 years old. The mean calcium score (CS) of patients was 48.23 ± 63.34. Mean CIMT was 0.73 ± 0.15 mm. The mean vascular age derived by CS and CIMT was 58.64 ± 12.63 and 53.99 ± 17.53 years, respectively. The vascular age obtained by CS was directly related to vascular age based on CIMT (<i>P</i>-value < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Calcium score is as helpful as CIMT for vascular age estimation.</p>","PeriodicalId":7572,"journal":{"name":"American journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging","volume":"12 3","pages":"86-90"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9301091/pdf/ajnmmi0012-0086.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40644838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of PSMA-based ¹⁸F-DCFPyL PET/CT and pelvic multiparametric MRI for lesion detection in the pelvis in patients with prostate cancer.","authors":"Trinh T Nguyen,&nbsp;Priya R Bhosale,&nbsp;Guofan Xu,&nbsp;Tinsu Pan,&nbsp;Peng Wei,&nbsp;Yang Lu","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To directly compare the performance of pelvic mpMRI versus recently approved and increasingly used PSMA-based ¹⁸F-DCFPyL PET/CT in intermediate-high risk and biochemical recurrent prostate cancer patient cohort while exploring their potential differing applications in specific clinical scenarios.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was performed on patients who had ¹⁸F-DCFPyL PET/CT and pelvic mpMRI done from September 2021 to January 2022 at a single institution. The inclusion criteria were paired exams within a 3-month interval. Exclusion criteria were intervening treatment between exams, a change in PSA by more than 50% and absolute difference more than 1 ng/mL, or concurrent history of other malignancy. Abnormal lesions on these 2 imaging exams were reviewed with the identification of concordant and discordant imaging findings. The findings were verified by pathology or other imaging techniques within minimal 5-month clinical follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 57 patients with 57 paired exams were included. The rate of concordant exams was 43/57 or 75.4%. Lesion-based analyses of sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV for mpMRI and ¹⁸F-DCFPyL PET/CT in the prostate bed were 96%, 94%, 98%, 89% and 96%, 100%, 100%, 90% respectively. For pelvic lymph node metastases, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV for mpMRI and ¹⁸F-DCFPyL PET/CT were 52%, 100%, 100%, 55% and 100%, 100%, 100%, 100% respectively. For bone metastases, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV for mpMRI and ¹⁸F-DCFPyL PET/CT were 86%, 73%, 50%, 94% and 100%, 98%, 95%, 100% respectively. Exact McNemar's test for paired data suggested that in diagnostic performance between ¹⁸F-DCFPyL PET/CT and mpMRI was not statistically significant in prostate bed (<i>p</i>-value = 1.00), but significantly in pelvic lymph nodes (<i>p</i>-value < 0.0001) and bone lesions (<i>p</i>-value = 0.0026).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study demonstrated that PSMA-based ¹⁸F-DCFPyL PET/CT and pelvic mpMRI have a good concordance rate in the detection of primary or recurrence prostate disease and can have complementary roles in the clinical assessment of the prostate bed lesions. However, there are key differences in their performance, with the notably superior performance of PSMA-based ¹⁸F-DCFPyL PET/CT in the detection of small metastatic nodal disease and bone metastases.</p>","PeriodicalId":7572,"journal":{"name":"American journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging","volume":"12 6","pages":"166-179"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9831857/pdf/ajnmmi0012-0166.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9091780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidental findings on a Tc99m-SESTAMIBI parathyroid scan post COVID-19 vaccination.","authors":"Mitchel A Muhleman,&nbsp;Jorge D Oldan,&nbsp;Amir H Khandani","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present a case of abnormal findings on a Tc99m-Sestamibi parathyroid scan, post COVID-19 vaccination. The patient is a 48-year-old female presenting for evaluation of hyperparathyroidism who received the mRNA-1273 Moderna (ModernaTX, Inc.) vaccine seven days prior to the scan. The patient is right hand dominant and reported no traumatic events, inflammation, infection, or extraneous use of the left arm. The patient did report \"soreness\" of the extremity starting approximately 24 hours post injection which continued to the time of the study.</p>","PeriodicalId":7572,"journal":{"name":"American journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging","volume":"12 2","pages":"71-73"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9077171/pdf/ajnmmi0012-0071.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10251395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT imaging of primary malignant melanoma of rectum with liver metastases mimicking rectum cancer: case report and literature review.","authors":"Yongkang Qiu,&nbsp;Hao Jiao,&nbsp;Wenpeng Huang,&nbsp;Zhao Chen,&nbsp;Qi Yang,&nbsp;Sitong Wu,&nbsp;Xinyao Sun,&nbsp;Lei Kang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Malignant melanoma (MM) is an aggressive malignant tumor, which mostly occurs on the skin, uvea, etc. The mucosal MM accounts for a small proportion of all MM and can occur in the digestive tract. Primary MM of the digestive tract is rare and can be found in the middle and lower third of the esophagus and the rectum containing melanocytes. Primary rectal MM often occurs in middle-aged and elderly women, with rapid progress and strong invasion. We report a case of a 61-year-old man diagnosed with primary malignant melanoma of the rectum with liver metastases mimicking rectum cancer. ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT showed the rectal wall was markedly thickened with a high metabolic level (SUVmax 10.6) and the boundary between the lesions and the prostate was unclear. In addition, increased FDG uptake were found in multiple lymph nodes, lung, liver, and bones, suggesting metastasis. In this case, ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT shows the advantage of evaluating the whole-body situation and provides valuable information for the diagnosis, tumor stage, evaluation of treatment efficacy, and prognosis of MM.</p>","PeriodicalId":7572,"journal":{"name":"American journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging","volume":"12 6","pages":"188-194"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9831859/pdf/ajnmmi0012-0188.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9091779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regional changes with global brain hypometabolism indicates a physiological triage phenomenon and can explain shared pathophysiological events in Alzheimer's & small vessel diseases and delirium.","authors":"Sandeep K Gupta,&nbsp;Natalie Rutherford,&nbsp;Xenia Dolja-Gore,&nbsp;Tahne Watson,&nbsp;Balakrishnan R Nair","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While reduced global brain metabolism is known in aging, Alzheimer's disease (AD), small vessel disease (SVD) and delirium, explanation of regional brain metabolic (rBM) changes is a challenge. We hypothesized that this may be explained by \"triage phenomenon\", to preserve metabolic supply to vital brain areas. We studied changes in rBM in 69 patients with at least 5% decline in global brain metabolism during active lymphoma. There was significant decline in the rBM of the inferior parietal, precuneus, superior parietal, lateral occipital, primary visual cortices (P<0.001) and in the right lateral prefrontal cortex (P=0.01). Some areas showed no change; multiple areas had significantly increased rBM (e.g. medial prefrontal, anterior cingulate, pons, cerebellum and mesial temporal cortices; P<0.001). We conclude the existence of a physiological triage phenomenon and argue a new hypothetical model to explain the shared events in the pathophysiology of aging, AD, SVD and delirium.</p>","PeriodicalId":7572,"journal":{"name":"American journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging","volume":"11 6","pages":"492-506"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8727878/pdf/ajnmmi0011-0492.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39801102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation of level-2 biosafety for a macromolecular crystallography beamline at SSRF.","authors":"Huating Kong,&nbsp;Minjun Li,&nbsp;Qin Xu,&nbsp;Huan Zhou,&nbsp;Feng Yu,&nbsp;Qisheng Wang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Macromolecular crystallography is commonly used to determine the structure of biological macromolecules. Currently the beamlines at synchrotron radiation facilities play an important role in macromolecular crystallography, and have produced an enormous number of molecular structures to help solve scientific questions and support applications. Structure information makes significant contributions to the virus-related research as well. However, it is mandatory to be protected the operators under a compatible biosafety infrastructure when a pathological agent is set up in a beamline. Here a level-2 biosafety protection for a macromolecular crystallography beamline at Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF) is introduced. To fulfill the biosafety in a radioactive environment, a dedicated design is implemented. Since the beamline will be opened to the external users from nationwide research units, the management process and experimental method are also drawn up.</p>","PeriodicalId":7572,"journal":{"name":"American journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging","volume":"11 6","pages":"529-536"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8727877/pdf/ajnmmi0011-0529.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39801105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review of advances in the last decade on targeted cancer therapy using ¹⁷⁷Lu: focusing on ¹⁷⁷Lu produced by the direct neutron activation route.","authors":"Rubel Chakravarty,&nbsp;Sudipta Chakraborty","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lutetium-177 [T½ = 6.76 d; E_β (max) = 0.497 MeV; maximum tissue range ~2.5 mm; 208 keV γ-ray] is one of the most important theranostic radioisotope used for the management of various oncological and non-oncological disorders. The present review chronicles the advancement in the last decade in ¹⁷⁷Lu-radiopharmacy with a focus on ¹⁷⁷Lu produced via direct ¹⁷⁶Lu (n, γ) ¹⁷⁷Lu nuclear reaction in medium flux research reactors. The specific nuances of ¹⁷⁷Lu production by various routes are described and their pros and cons are discussed. Lutetium, is the last element in the lanthanide series. Its chemistry plays a vital role in the preparation of a wide variety of radiopharmaceuticals which demonstrate appreciable <i>in vivo</i> stability. Traditional bifunctional chelators (BFCs) that are used for ¹⁷⁷Lu-labeling are discussed and the upcoming ones are highlighted. Research efforts that resulted in the growth of various ¹⁷⁷Lu-based radiopharmaceuticals in preclinical and clinical settings are provided. This review also summarizes the results of clinical studies with potent ¹⁷⁷Lu-based radiopharmaceuticals that have been prepared using medium specific activity ¹⁷⁷Lu produced by direct neutron activation route in research reactors. Overall, the review amply demonstrates the practicality of the medium specific activity ¹⁷⁷Lu towards formulation of various clinically useful radiopharmaceuticals, especially for the benefit of millions of cancer patients in developing countries with limited reactor facilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":7572,"journal":{"name":"American journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging","volume":"11 6","pages":"443-475"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8727880/pdf/ajnmmi0011-0443.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39801101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal timing for measuring cerebral blood flow after acetazolamide administration to detect preexisting cerebral hemodynamics and metabolism in patients with bilateral major cerebral artery steno-occlusive diseases: ¹⁵O positron emission tomography studies.","authors":"Masakazu Kobayashi,&nbsp;Suguru Igarashi,&nbsp;Tatsuhiko Takahashi,&nbsp;Shunrou Fujiwara,&nbsp;Kohei Chida,&nbsp;Kazunori Terasaki,&nbsp;Yoshitaka Kubo,&nbsp;Kuniaki Ogasawara","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study determined the optimal timing of scanning for measurement of cerebral blood flow (CBF) after acetazolamide (ACZ) administration for detection of preexisting cerebral hemodynamics and metabolism in bilateral major cerebral artery steno-occlusive diseases. Thirty three patients underwent ¹⁵O gas positron emission tomography (PET) and each parameter was obtained in the bilateral middle cerebral artery (MCA) territories. CBF was also obtained using H₂ ¹⁵O PET scanning performed at baseline and at 5, 15, and 30 min after ACZ administration. Relative CBF at each time point after ACZ administration to baseline CBF was calculated. For MCA territories with normal cerebral blood volume (CBV) and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO₂), CBF continued increasing until 15 min after ACZ administration. For MCA territories with abnormally increased CBV, CBF decreased 5 min after ACZ administration. After that, CBF continued increasing until 30 min after ACZ administration. For MCA territories with abnormally decreased CMRO₂, CBF did not change 5 min after ACZ administration. Ten min later, CBF increased. The accuracy to detect abnormally increased CBV was significantly greater for relative CBF₅ than for relative CBF₁₅. The accuracy to detect abnormally decreased CMRO₂ was significantly greater for relative CBF₅ or CBF₁₅ than for relative CBF₃₀. For detecting abnormally increased oxygen extraction fraction, the accuracy did not differ among each relative CBF. These findings suggested that CBF measurement at 5 min after ACZ administration is the optimal timing for detection of preexisting cerebral hemodynamics and metabolism in bilateral major cerebral artery steno-occlusive diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":7572,"journal":{"name":"American journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging","volume":"11 6","pages":"507-518"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8727876/pdf/ajnmmi0011-0507.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39801103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}