G. A. Selivanova, Jiayao Li, V. I. Krasnov, B. A. Selivanov, R. V. Andreev
{"title":"Unexpected methyl-containing products of the reaction of 2,3-diaminophenazine with glycolic acid or paraformaldehyde in polyphosphoric acid","authors":"G. A. Selivanova, Jiayao Li, V. I. Krasnov, B. A. Selivanov, R. V. Andreev","doi":"10.1007/s11172-026-5103-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11172-026-5103-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The reaction of 2,3-diaminophenazine with glycolic acid or paraformaldehyde in polyphosphoric acid at elevated temperatures led to 1<i>H</i>-imidazo[4,5-<i>b</i>]phenazine and its methyl derivatives, namely, 7-methyl-1<i>H</i>-imidazo[4,5-<i>b</i>]phenazine and 7,8-dimethyl-1<i>H</i>-imidazo[4,5-<i>b</i>]phenazine. A mechanism for the formation of the resulting phenazines, involving formaldehyde generated from glycolic acid and paraformaldehyde under the reaction conditions, was proposed. The methyl-containing derivatives were formed through the steps including oxidation of 2,3-dihydro-1<i>H</i>-imidazo[4,5-<i>b</i>]phenazine and reduction of the intermediately formed (1<i>H</i>-imidazo[4,5-<i>b</i>]phenazin-7-yl)methanol.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":756,"journal":{"name":"Russian Chemical Bulletin","volume":"75 8","pages":"2561 - 2571"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149189847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. K. Shkineva, I. A. Vatsadze, K. Yu. Suponitsky, I. L. Dalinger
{"title":"Synthesis and properties of 3-nitro-7-polyfluoromethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines","authors":"T. K. Shkineva, I. A. Vatsadze, K. Yu. Suponitsky, I. L. Dalinger","doi":"10.1007/s11172-026-5074-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11172-026-5074-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The heating of 3-amino-4-nitropyrazole under reflux in acetic acid with unsymmetrical β-dicarbonyl compounds containing a CHF<sub>2</sub> or CF<sub>3</sub> group affords 7-(polyfluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5-<i>a</i>]pyrimidines. The treatment of these compounds with NaBH<sub>4</sub> in EtOH provides the corresponding 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro derivatives. The spectral characteristics of the synthesized compounds were studied by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":756,"journal":{"name":"Russian Chemical Bulletin","volume":"75 7","pages":"2256 - 2268"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149189633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. V. Baranov, Yu. A. Volkova, V. A. Karnoukhova, A. N. Kravchenko
{"title":"Synthesis and properties of first representatives of 2-{1-[(glycolurilyl)methyl]cyclohexyl}ethanoic acids","authors":"V. V. Baranov, Yu. A. Volkova, V. A. Karnoukhova, A. N. Kravchenko","doi":"10.1007/s11172-026-5105-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11172-026-5105-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>First representatives of 2-{1-[(glycolurilyl)methyl]cyclohexyl}ethanoic acids were synthesized by the condensation of 4,5-dihydroxyimidazolidin-2-ones with 2-[1-(ureidomethyl)cyclohexyl]ethanoic acid, which was prepared by the <i>N</i>-carbamoylation of gabapentin with NaOCN. Along with the target (carboxyalkyl)glycolurils, the reaction afforded 3-oxo-2-azaspiro[4.5]decane-2-carboxamide promising for the treatment of central nervous system disorders. A new method is proposed for the synthesis of the latter compound. The structure of this compound was established by X-ray diffraction. 2-{1-[(4,6-Dimethylglycolurilyl)methyl]cyclohexyl}ethanoic acid was found to exert an effect on the central nervous system of Danio rerio in the standard novel tank test.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":756,"journal":{"name":"Russian Chemical Bulletin","volume":"75 8","pages":"2578 - 2585"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149189857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. E. Lyubimov, P. V. Cherkasova, R. Z. Arifulin, V. M. Alpatova, E. G. Rys, V. A. Ol’shevskaya
{"title":"Systems based on AlCl3 • 6 H2O—amine as catalysts for the addition of carbon dioxide to oxiranes","authors":"S. E. Lyubimov, P. V. Cherkasova, R. Z. Arifulin, V. M. Alpatova, E. G. Rys, V. A. Ol’shevskaya","doi":"10.1007/s11172-026-5090-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11172-026-5090-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Aluminum chloride hexahydrate (AlCl<sub>3</sub> • 6 H<sub>2</sub>O) in combination with readily available amines was tested as a catalyst for the addition of CO<sub>2</sub> to oxiranes to produce five-membered cyclic carbonates. In the case of monosubstituted oxiranes, high yields of the corresponding carbonates are achieved by using 1 mol.% AlCl<sub>3</sub> • 6 H<sub>2</sub>O in combination with 3 mol.% imidazole, 1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine, and tetramethylethylenediamine at the initial CO<sub>2</sub> pressure of 56 atm and a temperature of 125 °C. With less reactive cyclohexene oxide, a high yield of bicyclic carbonate was obtained using the system based on AlCl<sub>3</sub> • 6 H<sub>2</sub>O (1 mol.%) — imidazole (6 mol.%) as the catalyst. The first representative of biscarbonate derivatives of <i>m</i>-carborane was also obtained.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":756,"journal":{"name":"Russian Chemical Bulletin","volume":"75 8","pages":"2426 - 2429"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149189842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. G. Starikov, M. G. Chegerev, A. A. Starikova, V. I. Minkin
{"title":"Paramagnetic diradical switches based on polyacene systems","authors":"A. G. Starikov, M. G. Chegerev, A. A. Starikova, V. I. Minkin","doi":"10.1007/s11172-026-5051-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11172-026-5051-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Interrelations between the molecular structure and spin-transition energetics were revealed based on analysis of the literature data and on the results of systematic quantum chemical study of the effect of the size of the acene backbone and the nature of radical substituents on the electronic and magnetic properties of acene derivatives. The mechanism underlying switching of magnetic properties, which is based on the reversible transformation of a diamagnetic folded structure into a biradical form with planar acene backbone, was investigated. The key factors necessary for realization of spin transitions include localization of the spin density of radicals on the atoms bonded to the acene molecule and the presence of an energy barrier preventing the return to the diamagnetic state, which is provided by bulky radical groups. A decrease in the aromaticity of the central six-membered ring with increasing size of the acene backbone leads to destabilization of the high-spin states and makes spin transitions energetically unfavorable. The results obtained agree with the experimental data on organic diradicals and offer prospects for prediction of the spin-switchable properties in new compounds.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":756,"journal":{"name":"Russian Chemical Bulletin","volume":"75 7","pages":"2025 - 2037"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149189965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. B. Platonov, N. M. Malinin, I. V. Sapkov, M. N. Rumyantseva
{"title":"Increasing performance of gas sensors by the production of LaFeO3/ZnO composite materials","authors":"V. B. Platonov, N. M. Malinin, I. V. Sapkov, M. N. Rumyantseva","doi":"10.1007/s11172-026-5025-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11172-026-5025-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A series of composite materials of the LaFeO<sub>3</sub>/ZnO composition was synthesized for the first time using the method of parallel electrospinning of two polymer solutions containing precursors on a rotating collector. The electrophysical and sensor properties of the prepared materials during the interaction with reducing gases, CO, NH<sub>3</sub>, and CH<sub>4</sub>, as well as with volatile organic compounds (VOCs) acetone and methanol, were studied in detail. The composite materials are characterized by a shorter response time for sensoring VOCs. As compared to LaFeO<sub>3</sub>, the LaFeO<sub>3</sub>/ZnO(1%) composite containing 1.6 mol.% ZnO demonstrates a decrease in the response time by 46 and 53%, respectively, for sensoring methanol and acetone, respectively. The improvement of the dynamic properties of the obtained composite materials can be due to the formation of a p—n-heterojunction at the interface between p-LaFeO<sub>3</sub> and n-ZnO and an efficient separation of electron—hole pairs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":756,"journal":{"name":"Russian Chemical Bulletin","volume":"75 6","pages":"1763 - 1776"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148810891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Yu. Platonova, D. A. Kurtina, F. A. Karpich, R. B. Vasiliev
{"title":"Atomically thin two-dimensional AIIBVI semiconductors with organic ligands: synthesis, optical properties, and applications","authors":"M. Yu. Platonova, D. A. Kurtina, F. A. Karpich, R. B. Vasiliev","doi":"10.1007/s11172-026-5018-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11172-026-5018-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The recent advances in a new class of semiconductor objects were reviewed: two-dimensional nanostructures (nanoplatelets and nanosheets) of cadmium and zinc chalcogenides with thicknesses specified with atomic precision and obtained in colloidal systems. Approaches to the growth of such nanostructures were analyzed, and the dependences of the thickness, morphology, and structure of ZnX and CdX semiconductor nanostructures, where X = S, Se, or Te, on the growth conditions in colloidal systems was shown. The influence of ligands on the surface of 2D nanostructures on their optical properties, spontaneous folding effect, and chiral properties of these nanostructures was demonstrated. Areas of potential practical application of atomically thin two-dimensional nanostructures of cadmium and zinc chalcogenides in photonics, optoelectronics, sensors, catalysis, and biomedicine are described.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":756,"journal":{"name":"Russian Chemical Bulletin","volume":"75 6","pages":"1655 - 1672"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148810892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. E. Guterman, K. O. Paperzh, I. V. Kantsypa, E. A. Zaitseva, A. V. Khudoley, I. V. Pankov, A. Yu. Nikulin
{"title":"Platinum-based electrocatalysts for proton-exchange membrane fuel cells: novel synthesis approaches and materials","authors":"V. E. Guterman, K. O. Paperzh, I. V. Kantsypa, E. A. Zaitseva, A. V. Khudoley, I. V. Pankov, A. Yu. Nikulin","doi":"10.1007/s11172-026-5036-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11172-026-5036-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A novel strategy for obtaining Pt/C catalysts presented in this work involves liquid-phase synthesis accompanied by monitoring the reduction kinetics of Pt<sup>IV</sup> to Pt<sup>0</sup><sub><i>x</i></sub> nanoparticles (NPs) using simultaneous analysis of the RGB color components and the redox potential of the reaction medium. Reduction of H<sub>2</sub>PtCl<sub>6</sub> with three carboxylic acids (citric acid (CA), formic acid (FA), and ascorbic acid (AA)) and ethylene glycol at different pH values was studied. A kinetic analysis revealed that AA provides the fastest reduction of the platinum precursor (1300–1500 s), while the reaction medium redox potential corresponding to the nucleation onset of Pt NPs decreases in the order AA > FA > CA. The optimal range of pH values for the synthesis by the polyol method was determined. This allows one to obtain platinum NPs of the smallest size (2.3–2.5 nm) with the narrowest size distribution. The best-performing Pt/C catalyst we have synthesized exhibits a large electrochemically active surface area of about 79 m<sup>2</sup> g<sub>Pt</sub><sup>−1</sup> and an ORR mass activity of up to 434 A g<sub>Pt</sub><sup>−1</sup> at 0.9 V, thus outperforming the commercially available catalyst HiSPEC 4000 (nearly twofold improvement) at identical platinum loading (about 40 wt.%). The superior performance of our catalyst originates from combination of high specific activity as well as small size and uniform spatial distribution of platinum NPs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":756,"journal":{"name":"Russian Chemical Bulletin","volume":"75 6","pages":"1891 - 1902"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148811086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Creation of titanium dioxide/graphite-like carbon nitride heterostructures and their modification to extend photosensitivity into the visible spectrum","authors":"A. A. Sushnikova, A. A. Valeeva","doi":"10.1007/s11172-026-5041-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11172-026-5041-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this work, titanium dioxide/graphite-like carbon nitride nanocomposites (TiO<sub>2</sub>/g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>) with a high specific surface area of up to 310 m<sup>2</sup> g<sup>−1</sup> were obtained. Nanosized titanium dioxide was synthesized using a sol—gel method from a mixture of tetrabutoxytitanium, ethanol, and water. Melamine and urea served as precursors for obtaining g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>. Two modifications of the TiO<sub>2</sub>/g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> heterostructure were proposed by varying the mechanical and thermal treatment sequences. The annealing—milling treatment sequence optimized the phase composition, increasing the anatase fraction to 69%. At the same time, the milling—annealing sequence reduced the effective band gap by forming intimate interfacial contacts, making the resulting materials promising for photocatalysis in the visible region.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":756,"journal":{"name":"Russian Chemical Bulletin","volume":"75 6","pages":"1938 - 1944"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148811112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. V. Titkov, D. V. Deyneko, G. O. Kalashnikova, V. E. Kireev, S. M. Aksenov, I. G. Tananaev
{"title":"Synthesis and study of new Eu3+-doped bismuth silicates Bi4−xEux(SiO4)3 (0 ⩽ x ⩽ 1) with the eulytite structure","authors":"V. V. Titkov, D. V. Deyneko, G. O. Kalashnikova, V. E. Kireev, S. M. Aksenov, I. G. Tananaev","doi":"10.1007/s11172-026-5042-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11172-026-5042-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bismuth silicates Bi<sub>4−<i>x</i></sub>Eu<sub><i>x</i></sub>(SiO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub> (0 ⩽ <i>x</i> ⩽ 1) doped with europium ions were synthesized and comprehensively studied. The samples were studied by X-ray diffraction and phase analysis and it was found that the homogeneity region of the solid solution based on the eulytite structure is limited by the value of <i>x</i> ⩽ 0.2. The structural and geometric prerequisites for the formation of these phases were analyzed. The nonlinear optical activity of the obtained compounds was studied. It was shown that the Bi<sub>4</sub>(SiO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub> matrix exhibits a polar structure and nonlinear optical activity, which increases at a low concentration of europium ions and decreases in the two-phase region. The photoluminescence properties of Eu<sup>3+</sup> and Bi<sup>3+</sup> ions in solid solution were studied and the presence in the spectra of characteristic transition bands was established. The obtained results are important for understanding the stability limits and targeted design of functional materials in the large structural family of eulytite.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":756,"journal":{"name":"Russian Chemical Bulletin","volume":"75 6","pages":"1945 - 1951"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148811113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}