American Journal of Ophthalmology Case Reports最新文献

{"title":"Management of choroidal solitary fibrous tumor with extraocular extension and subsequent postoperative rhegmatogenous retinal detachment","authors":"Takashi Baba ,&nbsp;Kosuke Furuta ,&nbsp;Shin-ichi Sasaki ,&nbsp;Satoshi Kuwamoto ,&nbsp;Hisashi Suyama ,&nbsp;Dai Miyazaki","doi":"10.1016/j.ajoc.2025.102366","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajoc.2025.102366","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Extraocular extension of a solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) in the choroid is rare, and few reports describe cases in which the eye is preserved and monitored postoperatively. This report details the management of an SFT with extraocular invasion complicated by postoperative rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).</div></div><div><h3>Observations</h3><div>A 57-year-old woman presented with painless eyelid swelling. Imaging revealed a choroidal mass infiltrating the extraocular tissues. Partial surgical excision was performed after the patient refused enucleation without a tissue diagnosis. Histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses confirmed the diagnosis of SFT. Postoperatively, the patient developed RRD due to acute posterior vitreous detachment. Pars plana vitrectomy was successfully performed to address the RRD. Despite residual tumor within the eye and extraocularly, no tumor progression was observed during six months of follow-up. Visual function remained stable.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions/importance</h3><div>This case highlights the clinical challenges posed by choroidal SFTs with extraocular extension. This case underscores the importance of vigilant postoperative monitoring for complications such as RRD. Regular follow-up is crucial to assess tumor stability, manage potential complications, and maintain visual function in patients with residual disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7569,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Ophthalmology Case Reports","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102366"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144523921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anemic retinopathy as the presenting symptom of a mediastinal germ cell tumor","authors":"Christian Tallo ,&nbsp;Paul Farris ,&nbsp;Edmund Farris","doi":"10.1016/j.ajoc.2025.102374","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajoc.2025.102374","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To describe a rare case of anemic retinopathy as the initial presenting symptom of a mediastinal germ cell tumor.</div></div><div><h3>Observations</h3><div>A 27-year-old male with no prior medical history presented with a one-day history of central vision loss in his left eye. Funduscopic evaluation showed a central macular hemorrhage in the left eye and bilateral nerve fiber layer hemorrhages and blot hemorrhages. Fluorescein angiography showed multiple hemorrhages without vascular occlusion or neovascularization, features indicative of anemic retinopathy. Laboratory evaluation demonstrated severe anemia (hemoglobin 6.7 g/dL), with an otherwise unremarkable metabolic and coagulation profile. Given these findings, an underlying hematologic or oncologic disorder was suspected, prompting further systemic evaluation. Imaging revealed a large anterior mediastinal mass, and biopsy confirmed a nonseminomatous germ cell tumor. The patient underwent chemotherapy with cisplatin, etoposide, and bleomycin, later transitioning to VIP (ifosfamide, etoposide, and cisplatin) due to suspected pulmonary toxicity. Patient responded well to treatment; his anemia gradually improved, and alpha-fetoprotein levels significantly declined. Following treatment, the patient reported no ongoing visual disturbances.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions and importance</h3><div>Anemic retinopathy can be the initial presentation of an underlying malignancy. Recognizing ophthalmologic findings as potential indicators of systemic disease is critical for early diagnosis and timely intervention in cases of occult malignancies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7569,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Ophthalmology Case Reports","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102374"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144581167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cobalt-induced Retinopathy: Unveiling the hidden risk of knee prosthesis","authors":"Aim-On Saengsirinavin ,&nbsp;Jia-Horung Hung ,&nbsp;Anadi Khatri ,&nbsp;Celine Dan-Tam Nguyen ,&nbsp;Pamok Seangsirinavin ,&nbsp;Frances Andrea Anover ,&nbsp;Negin Yavari ,&nbsp;Dalia El-feky ,&nbsp;Ngoc Trong Tuong Than ,&nbsp;Osama Elaraby ,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Zhang ,&nbsp;Anh Ngoc Tram Tran ,&nbsp;Cigdem Yasar ,&nbsp;Azadeh Mobasserian ,&nbsp;Irmak Karaca ,&nbsp;Amir Akhavanrezayat ,&nbsp;Chi Mong Christopher Or ,&nbsp;Quan Dong Nguyen","doi":"10.1016/j.ajoc.2025.102369","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajoc.2025.102369","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To report a case of cobalt-induced retinopathy from a knee prosthesis and to outline the diagnostic challenges and management approach.</div></div><div><h3>Observation</h3><div>A 67-year-old female presented with chronic bilateral visual disturbances, including blurred vision and photopsia, which began shortly after receiving a cobalt-containing knee prosthesis (DePuy Sigma Total Knee System, recalled by FDA in 2014, Recall No. Z-0423-2014). Ophthalmic evaluation revealed bilateral chorioretinitis, cystoid macular edema, and optic disc inflammation. Removal of the cobalt-containing prosthesis, along with aggressive immunosuppressive therapy, led to significant improvement in visual acuity and retinal function, as confirmed by fluorescein angiography, electroretinography, and Goldmann visual field testing.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This case adds to the limited literature on cobalt-induced retinopathy by demonstrating that even small prosthetic implants, such as knee prostheses, can lead to systemic cobalt toxicity with significant ocular complications. Early diagnosis, combined with prompt removal of the affected prosthesis and management of inflammation, is crucial for restoring vision and preventing further damage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7569,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Ophthalmology Case Reports","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102369"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144548824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rose bengal photodynamic antimicrobial therapy combined with amniotic membrane graft for the management of infectious keratitis in a patient with keratoprosthesis","authors":"Ruth Eskenazi-Betech,&nbsp;Guillermo Raul Vera-Duarte,&nbsp;Ana P. Murillo-López,&nbsp;Aldo Hernandez-Hernandez,&nbsp;Arturo Ramirez-Miranda,&nbsp;Alejandro Navas,&nbsp;Enrique O. Graue-Hernandez","doi":"10.1016/j.ajoc.2025.102365","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajoc.2025.102365","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To describe the use of Rose Bengal Photodynamic Antimicrobial Therapy (RB-PDAT) combined with amniotic membrane graft (AMG) as a novel surgical technique for infectious keratitis in a patient with Boston Keratoprosthesis (B-Kpro) type 1 Lucia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A 91-year-old woman with a history of B-Kpro type 1 Lucia implantation in both eyes presented for routine follow-up complaining of pain and redness in the left eye. Slit-lamp examination revealed a 6 mm corneal infiltrate with an epithelial defect adjacent to the optic stem. After 2 weeks of topical antimicrobial therapy without any improvement, the decision was made to perform RB-PDAT in conjunction with an AMG. The infectious keratitis resolved within 21 days.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The combination of RB-PDAT and AMG may be considered as a surgical alternative in patients with keratoprosthesis complicated by severe infectious keratitis refractory to standard medical treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7569,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Ophthalmology Case Reports","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102365"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144490383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Presumed bilateral endogenous Cryptococcus neoformans endophthalmitis with concomitant Toxoplasma gondii retinochoroiditis","authors":"Shane Griffin ,&nbsp;Neeraj Chawla ,&nbsp;Lawrence Chan ,&nbsp;Anita Agarwal ,&nbsp;Gaurav Shah","doi":"10.1016/j.ajoc.2025.102364","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajoc.2025.102364","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To report a case of bilateral endogenous <em>Cryptococcus</em> endophthalmitis with <em>Toxoplasma</em> retinochoroiditis.</div></div><div><h3>Observations</h3><div>A 57-year-old woman with history of renal transplantation developed <em>Cryptococcus neoformans</em> fungemia and meningitis. Reporting bilateral blurry vision, she was found to have associated bilateral endophthalmitis suspicious for endogenous cryptococcal endophthalmitis that was initially responsive to intravitreal voriconazole injections but subsequently worsened despite systemic and intraocular anti-fungal treatments. Given her refractory disease, additional testing was performed, which revealed added infection with <em>Toxoplasma gondii</em>. She underwent bilateral vitrectomy with povidone-iodine infusion and systemic parasiticidal treatment with improvement and stability of her condition.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions and importance</h3><div>Immunocompromised hosts are at risk for infection with multiple opportunistic infections that may require broad testing and aggressive medical and surgical therapies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7569,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Ophthalmology Case Reports","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102364"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144280631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pseudophakic angle-closure 14 Years after cataract surgery: a case report and systematic review of the literature","authors":"Elena Cavallari ,&nbsp;Antonella Clemente ,&nbsp;Andrea Muraca ,&nbsp;Alessandro Rabiolo ,&nbsp;Stefano De Cillà","doi":"10.1016/j.ajoc.2025.102361","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajoc.2025.102361","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Pseudophakic secondary angle closure is an uncommon event, especially when it manifests itself many years after uneventful cataract surgery. We report a case of a patient who presented with a sudden increase in intraocular pressure (IOP) several years after surgery, highlighting the diagnostic challenges associated. We performed a systematic review of potential etiologies, including spontaneous aqueous misdirection and capsular block syndrome (CBS).</div></div><div><h3>Observation</h3><div>A 91-year-old Caucasian male presented with sudden visual acuity reduction to counting fingers at 30 cm in the left eye (LE), his only seeing eye. Fourteen years earlier, the patient had undergone uncomplicated phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation. The slit-lamp examination showed corneal edema and a shallow anterior chamber. IOP measured by Goldmann applanation tonometry was 55 mmHg. Gonioscopy was not feasible, and the anatomical features were at presentation were not univocal for a specific diagnosis, though they were highly suggestive of late-onset CBS with pupillary block or spontaneous aqueous misdirection. The patient underwent laser peripheral iridotomy in the LE, which proved ineffective. Despite the absence of recent surgical interventions and the presence of a markedly elongated axial length of 32 mm, the patient was treated for aqueous misdirection, undergoing pars plana vitrectomy combined with irido-zonulo-hyaloid-vitrectomy. At the last follow-up visit, 4 months postoperatively, the patient's condition significantly improved. Best-corrected visual acuity in the LE improved to 20/40, and the IOP was well-controlled at 10 mmHg. A systematic literature review identified 24 cases of spontaneous aqueous misdirection and 2 cases of late-onset CBS with IOP elevation (5 when early onset was considered).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion and importance</h3><div>This case underscores the significant challenges in establishing an accurate diagnosis in cases of secondary angle closure in pseudophakic patients, particularly when presentation occurs many years after uncomplicated cataract surgery. The overlap of clinical features among rare entities, such as aqueous misdirection and late-onset CBS, further complicates the diagnostic process. Prompt recognition and timely intervention remain essential to prevent the potentially severe consequences of the condition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7569,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Ophthalmology Case Reports","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102361"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144288909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ocular manifestations of reactive infectious mucocutaneous eruption (RIME) secondary to adenovirus: A case report","authors":"L.H. Young ,&nbsp;S.B. Kim ,&nbsp;J.S. Takhar ,&nbsp;L.D. Sun ,&nbsp;K.M. White ,&nbsp;A.F. Omar","doi":"10.1016/j.ajoc.2025.102363","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajoc.2025.102363","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To present an atypical case of reactive infectious mucocutaneous eruption (RIME) in an adult patient attributed to primary adenoviral infection.</div></div><div><h3>Observations</h3><div>This is a case describing the clinical course of a previously healthy 34-year old man who presented with acute onset urethritis and bilateral conjunctivitis. His left eye conjunctivitis progressed to pseudomembrane and symblepharon formation within days. His clinical course was marked by progressive worsening of urethritis and formation of mucus membrane ulceration and bullae even after antibiotic treatment and aggressive topical lubrication. He required admission and a multidisciplinary team made the diagnosis of adenovirus-induced RIME. He was treated with intravenous steroids and intravenous cyclosporine. He ultimately recovered with a good visual outcome.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions and importance</h3><div>This case demonstrates a rare case of RIME in an adult triggered by an adenovirus infection. Multidisciplinary care is key to diagnosis and treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7569,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Ophthalmology Case Reports","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102363"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144298542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Black flashes (dysphotopsia) as a symptom of vitreo-papillary traction in evolving posterior vitreous detachment – An optical coherence tomography case series","authors":"Mahdi Alsahaf ,&nbsp;Mark Brookes ,&nbsp;Vijay Shanmuganathan ,&nbsp;Tom H. Williamson","doi":"10.1016/j.ajoc.2025.102362","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajoc.2025.102362","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>We present three cases of evolving posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) in which patients experienced black flashes, known as negative dysphotopsia (ND), and were found to have vitreo-papillary adhesion at the optic nerve head.</div></div><div><h3>Observations</h3><div>A 53-year-old female with a history of right rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) described initial symptoms of black flashes. Seven years later, she developed similar symptoms in the left eye and was diagnosed with PVD. OCT demonstrated vitreo-papillary adhesion.</div><div>A 47-year-old male with a history of pseudophakic RRD in the left eye 5 years previously presented with black flashes in the right eye on eye movements. He was found to have PVD and RRD after 5 months of these symptoms. OCT revealed separation of the vitreous from the macula with attachment on the optic disc.</div><div>A 51-year-old male developed ND which were replaced by white flashes after 3 weeks. A week later he was diagnosed with PVD and a retinal tear with OCT evidence of vitreo-papillary traction.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions and importance</h3><div>Evolving PVD may present with ND before classical symptoms such as positive dysphotopsia and floaters, particularly in cases with vitreo-papillary adhesion/traction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7569,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Ophthalmology Case Reports","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102362"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144239604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-inflicted transorbital intracranial foreign body following ingestion of hallucinogenic psilocybin mushrooms","authors":"Abigail M. Blanton ,&nbsp;Pooja Parikh ,&nbsp;Scott Zhou ,&nbsp;Mohamed Mohamed ,&nbsp;Rafael L. Ufret-Vincenty ,&nbsp;Ronald Mancini","doi":"10.1016/j.ajoc.2025.102359","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajoc.2025.102359","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Self-inflicted penetrating orbital trauma is a rare ophthalmologic emergency requiring timely intervention and neurological monitoring to identify and treat any possible intracranial complications and to prevent irreversible vision loss. This case report aims to describe a fatal case of self-inflicted ocular trauma following the consumption of psilocybin mushrooms, necessitating urgent multidisciplinary care by the ophthalmology and neurosurgery services.</div></div><div><h3>Observations</h3><div>A 21-year-old Hispanic male presented urgently to the emergency department (ED) after self-inflicted ocular trauma with a wood-cased pencil, which was embedded in the upper eyelid and transversed the left orbit, extending to the pons, as depicted on computed tomography (CT). Physical examination of the left eye was difficult due to the risk of displacement of the pencil within the brainstem and concern for further damage. The pencil was successfully removed via fluoroscopy-guided neuro-interventional catheterization and stenting. Following the removal of the foreign body, there was no apparent damage to the globe, and a canthotomy/cantholysis was performed due to increased retro-orbital pressure. The neurovascular damage sustained by the trauma led to a progressive neurological decline in the following days and, ultimately, a fatal outcome.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions and importance</h3><div>With growing support in the literature for psilocybin and its therapeutic medicinal benefits for conditions such as depression and anxiety, this report details a case of self-inflicted trans-orbital trauma with brainstem injury following ingestion of this psychoactive hallucinogen along with the proper medical and surgical management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7569,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Ophthalmology Case Reports","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102359"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144230309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tapetal-like sheen as a key phenotypical feature in TTLL5-associated cone dystrophy caused by a novel variant","authors":"Yi Zhai ,&nbsp;Rita Kodida ,&nbsp;Brian G. Ballios","doi":"10.1016/j.ajoc.2025.102360","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajoc.2025.102360","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To report a patient with cone dystrophy and a striking tapetal reflex caused by a novel variant in <em>TTLL5</em>, which was initially missed by a local retinal specialist due to inaccurate phenotyping of macular dystrophy.</div></div><div><h3>Observation</h3><div>A 33-year-old male patient presented with Bull's eye maculopathy and a tapetal-like reflex, confirmed via fundus examination and multimodal imaging. Initial genetic testing with a macular dystrophy panel was negative. Electroretinography showed reduced photopic responses and normal scotopic responses, supporting a diagnosis of cone dystrophy, and subsequent evaluation using an extended inherited retinal dystrophy panel identified a homozygous <em>TTLL5</em> c.1186+2T&gt;C variant classified as “likely pathogenic.”</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions and importance</h3><div>This case underscores the critical role of accurate phenotyping in guiding molecular genetic testing, particularly in distinguishing cone dystrophy from other macular dystrophies, and highlights the unique expertise of inherited retinal disease specialists in this process. Additionally, it further validates the possibility that the tapetal reflex is a common but previously underrecognized feature of <em>TTLL5</em>-associated retinal dystrophies and expands the known variant spectrum of <em>TTLL5</em>-associated disease. The presence of a tapetal reflex—previously widely associated with RPGR-associated dystrophies—highlighting the overlapping disease mechanisms and clinical presentation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7569,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Ophthalmology Case Reports","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102360"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144239585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}