Cell differentiation最新文献

{"title":"The effect of local cortical microfilament disorganization on ooplasmic segregation in the loach (Misgurnus fossilis) egg","authors":"V.V. Ivanenkov ,&nbsp;A.A. Minin ,&nbsp;V.N. Meshcheryakov ,&nbsp;L.E. Martynova","doi":"10.1016/0045-6039(87)90410-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0045-6039(87)90410-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Injections of cytochalasin D (CD) or DNase I under the surface of fertilized loach egg result in local disorganization of microfilamentous cortex (MC) as revealed by transmission electron microscopy. This effect correlates with the loss of the cortex ability to contract in vitro. The disorganization of MC in the vegetal hemisphere of the egg does not affect the ooplasm segregation or blastodisk cleavage. Injection under the animal pole suppresses blastodisk formation and results in the autonomous separation of ooplasm in the central part of the egg. The experiments suggest that (1) autonomous separation of ooplasm from the yolk granules can proceed in the central part of the egg without the participation of MC; (2) normal segregation of ooplasm at the animal pole requires that the structures of microfilaments in the animal hemisphere (but not in the vegetal one) be preserved.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":75684,"journal":{"name":"Cell differentiation","volume":"22 1","pages":"Pages 19-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0045-6039(87)90410-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14810873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Density dependent growth of corneal endothelial cells cultured in vitro","authors":"Tatsuo Arita ,&nbsp;Ryoichi Okamura ,&nbsp;Ryuji Kodama ,&nbsp;Takashi Takeuchi ,&nbsp;Yuichi Kadoya ,&nbsp;Goro Eguchi","doi":"10.1016/0045-6039(87)90413-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0045-6039(87)90413-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Using the cornea of macaque monkey, we demonstrated the relationship between cell density and growth of endothelial cells in vitro. Corneal endothelial cells in a cell sheet grow most actively in regions with cell density of 1000 to 1800 cells/mm², in explant cultures and cell sheets and in concentrated inocula dissociated cells. Cell morphology was well sustained in these cultures. Cells cultured at a higher cell density retained their potential to proliferate actively, showing clear contrast to cells cultured at a density lower than 200 cells/mm². When dissociated cells were cultured at a low density and maintained for more than 4 weeks, they gradually lost their growth potential, altered into polymorphonuclear giant cells and eventually dedifferentiated. In addition, cells with no contact with each other did not express growth potential. Density dependent growth was confirmed by measuring the mitotic index against the cell density per square mm from the center to the peripheral regions in cultured explants. It is concluded that the growth pattern of corneal endothelial cells is closely related to cell density, and that growth of these cells might be regulated through intercellular communications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":75684,"journal":{"name":"Cell differentiation","volume":"22 1","pages":"Pages 61-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0045-6039(87)90413-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14810005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early germ cell segregation and distribution in the quail blastodisc","authors":"Luc Pardanaud ,&nbsp;Clayton Buck ,&nbsp;Françoise Dieterlen-Lièvre","doi":"10.1016/0045-6039(87)90412-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0045-6039(87)90412-X","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The distribution and number of primordial germ cells has been analyzed in quail blastodiscs from the incubated state to the 13-somite stage, treated in toto with monoclonal antibody QH1. Some cells were already positive in unincubated blastulas some 18 h earlier than described with other markers in previous studies of avian development. The number of PGCs increased from 2–3 in the unincubated state to more than 100 at the early primitive streak stage. During following stages their numbers did not increase significantly. At first these cells were isolated, thereafter they often assembled in small groups and progressively gathered into Swift's crescent. It is concluded that PGCs begin segregating in birds at the blastula stage and that they multiply until the primitive streak stage.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":75684,"journal":{"name":"Cell differentiation","volume":"22 1","pages":"Pages 47-59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0045-6039(87)90412-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14810004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression of granulocytic functions by leukemic promyelocytic HL-60 cells: differential induction by dimethylsulfoxide and retinoic acid","authors":"Yaacov Matzner ,&nbsp;Rivka Gavison ,&nbsp;Eliezer A. Rachmilewitz ,&nbsp;Eitan Fibach","doi":"10.1016/0045-6039(87)90481-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0045-6039(87)90481-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Recently, a novel approach has been used in the treatment of leukemia: induction of the leukemic cells to undergo terminal differentiation. Based on its in vitro ability to induce differentiation in several myeloid leukemic cell lines, retinoic acid (RA) has been applied clinically in cases of myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid and promyelocytic leukemia. In the present study we have determined in detail the ability of RA to induce expression of granulocytic functions in a human promyelocytic leukemia cell line (HL-60) and compared it with that of dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). Several granulocytic characteristics (phagocytosis, surface adherence and generation of free radicals in response to phorbol-ester) were induced to the same degree by both agents. Other normal neutrophil functions, including lysozyme accumulation, spontaneous migration, chemotactic activity toward zymosan-activated serum (containing C_5a), the peptide <em>N</em>-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) and spontaneous motility in semi-solid medium were induced by DMSO, but they were absent or incompletely expressed in RA-induced cells. In contrast, only RA induced migration toward leukotriene B₄ (LTB₄). Simultaneous treatment with RA and DMSO proved synergistic with respect to morphological maturation and several functions (e.g. NBT reduction), but complementary stimulation of other activities (e.g. chemotaxis, lysozyme content) could not be demonstrated. Furthermore, characteristics induced by DMSO (i.e., expression of C_5a and FMLP receptors and accumulation of lysozyme) were inhibited by the addition of RA. The results suggest that the inducer determines not only the lineage specificity of the differentiation process, but also affects the expression of cellular functions and characteristics specific to a particular lineage. It may be that induction of differentiation in HL-60 cells does not involve a ‘master switch’ mechanism operating through sequential activation of specific genes, but rather multiple parallel pathways, each independently acted upon by the inducer. The possibility of using a combination of inducers which will complement each other's actions should be considered when differentiation-inducing therapy is indicated.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":75684,"journal":{"name":"Cell differentiation","volume":"21 4","pages":"Pages 261-269"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0045-6039(87)90481-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14599876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impaired recruitment and differentiation of osteoclast progenitors by osteocalcin-deplete bone implants","authors":"Julie Glowacki ,&nbsp;Jane B. Lian","doi":"10.1016/0045-6039(87)90479-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0045-6039(87)90479-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This is a report of an experimental system to study differentiation of bone-resorbing osteoclasts and demonstrates that osteocalcin, an extracellular bone-specific component, is necessary for the recruitment of osteoclast progenitor cells. The subcutaneous implantation of devitalized bone particles (BPs) elicits the recruitment and differentiation of osteoclasts that resorb the BPs. In a previous study, we showed by histomorphometric analysis that BPs that were deficient in osteocalcin were resorbed only 60% as well as normal BPs. In this study, the mechanism of this difference was investigated by measurements of recruitment, differentiation and activity of bone resorbing cells by normal and osteocalcin-deficient BP. Mononuclear cells were attracted to control BPs soon after implantation. In dramatic constrast, cellularity was depressed around osteocalcin-deficient BPs with very few mononuclear cells within the implant on day 5 (35% of control cellularity). In implants of normal BPs, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive multi-nucleated cells were evident by day 5; very few appeared in implants of osteocalcin-deplete BPs even by day 12. The amount of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity in homogenates of the osteocalcin-deficient bone particle specimens not only lagged behind controls but never reached the maximum activity of control BP specimens. These data support the hypothesis that osteocalcin may function as a matrix signal in the recruitment and/or activation of cells for bone resorption.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":75684,"journal":{"name":"Cell differentiation","volume":"21 4","pages":"Pages 247-254"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0045-6039(87)90479-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14431051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contents of development, growth & differentiation","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/0045-6039(87)90482-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0045-6039(87)90482-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75684,"journal":{"name":"Cell differentiation","volume":"21 4","pages":"Page 271"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0045-6039(87)90482-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92083360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contents volume 21","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/0045-6039(87)90483-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0045-6039(87)90483-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75684,"journal":{"name":"Cell differentiation","volume":"21 4","pages":"Pages 272-273"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0045-6039(87)90483-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92083361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Author index volume 21","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/0045-6039(87)90484-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0045-6039(87)90484-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75684,"journal":{"name":"Cell differentiation","volume":"21 4","pages":"Pages 274-275"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0045-6039(87)90484-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137401123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term maintenance of monoxygenase activities in cultured fetal rat hepatocytes","authors":"A. Bollinne,&nbsp;P. Kremers,&nbsp;C. Kolodzici,&nbsp;J.E. Gielen","doi":"10.1016/0045-6039(87)90478-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0045-6039(87)90478-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fetal hepatocytes cultured in the presence of dexamethasone even in low concentration were maintained alive for several weeks. The expression of monoxygenase in these cells is switched from fetal to adult type. Their aldrin epoxidase and ethoxycoumarin-<em>o</em>-de-ethylase activities were maintained at a high level. Cytochrome P-450 concentration remains stable in these cells throughout the culture period. Cell-cell and cell-biomatrix interactions seem to play an important role in the control of growth, maturation and enzymatic activity expression of the cells in culture. This model may constitute an interesting approach for the study of drug metabolism and drug toxicity in vitro.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":75684,"journal":{"name":"Cell differentiation","volume":"21 4","pages":"Pages 239-246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0045-6039(87)90478-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14621288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential expression of mouse embryonic antigens TEC-1 and TEC-2 in the epididymis of four rodent species","authors":"Petr Dráber,&nbsp;Zora Pokorná","doi":"10.1016/0045-6039(87)90477-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0045-6039(87)90477-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The expression, properties and relationship of two mouse embryonic antigens (TEC-1 and TEC-2), which are defined by monoclonal antibodies, were investigated in the epididymis of four rodent species. Absorption analysis, indirect immunofluorescence microscopy and immunohistochemistry revealed that all the species studied contained in their epididymides, but not in testes, either TEC-1 (Chinese hamster), TEC-2 (guinea pigs, rats) or both TEC-1 and TEC-2 (mice) antigens. In an indirect immunofluorescence assay, the antigens were found on spermatozoa isolated from caudae epididymides of guinea pigs, rats and Chinese hamsters but not mice. On the other hand, the TEC-2 antigen, which is expressed on mouse eggs, was not detected on eggs from the other species studied. Immunolabeling of epididymal extracts separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed that both epididymal antigens have apparent molecular weights of &gt; 200 000. In guinea pigs, rats and mice, the antigens were detected by a two-site sandwich radioantibody-binding assay in which the antigen is immobilized and detected with the same antibody; this indicates that several antigenic determinants were present on the same carrier. In mice, some carriers seem to express both TEC-1 and TEC-2 epitopes. In Chinese hamsters, TEC-1 antigen was only detected by the solid-phase assay, suggesting that in this species there are markedly fewer antigenic determinants per carrier molecule. Interspecies differences in the activities of epididymal glycosyltransferases and/or glycosidases appear to be the biochemical mechanism of the species-specific expression of these antigens.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":75684,"journal":{"name":"Cell differentiation","volume":"21 4","pages":"Pages 227-237"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0045-6039(87)90477-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14431050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}