Rheologica ActaPub Date : 2025-07-07DOI: 10.1007/s00397-025-01498-8
Damien C. Vadillo, Crystal E. Owens, Alessandro Perego, Gareth H. McKinley
{"title":"Vane rheometry of viscoelastic liquids and yield stress fluids","authors":"Damien C. Vadillo, Crystal E. Owens, Alessandro Perego, Gareth H. McKinley","doi":"10.1007/s00397-025-01498-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00397-025-01498-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An inter-laboratory comparison was performed to set a baseline for how the properties of difficult materials vary based on location and measurement tool. These tests focused on rheology of a Newtonian fluid, a viscous silicone oil, and two colloidal gels with yield stress behavior: a commercially available milk-based cream and an aging aluminum oxide hydroxide gel. Rheological data were collected on these materials using an array of rheometric test geometries including a cone and plate, parallel plates, a cup and bob, a 4-arm vane, and 12- and 24-arm vanes having fractal cross section that were fabricated independently by each lab and for which accurate torque and rotation conversion factors have been established. Characterization by the 3D-printed fractal vanes agree between the two laboratories and agree with reference data obtained with cone-and-plate, parallel-plate, and cup-and-bob measurement tools. The viscous oil exhibited predominantly Newtonian behavior in shear while weak viscoelastic effects emerged at high frequency and can be accurately described by a fractional Maxwell model. The colloidal gels exhibited a more intricate thixo-elastoviscoplastic (TEVP) rheological behavior, including thixotropy, as well as distinct dynamic and static yield stresses. To explore the elastoviscoplastic character of these systems, we show how the fractal vane geometry can be readily utilized with such materials to measure creep and partial elastic recoil without concern about slip or shear banding.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":755,"journal":{"name":"Rheologica Acta","volume":"64 6-7","pages":"315 - 335"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145142668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rheologica ActaPub Date : 2025-07-05DOI: 10.1007/s00397-025-01508-9
Federico Peruzzini, Jonathan M. Dodds, Christopher J. Cunliffe, Henry C.-H. Ng, Robert J. Poole
{"title":"An effective viscosity model for suspensions of non-Brownian particles in aqueous xanthan gum matrices","authors":"Federico Peruzzini, Jonathan M. Dodds, Christopher J. Cunliffe, Henry C.-H. Ng, Robert J. Poole","doi":"10.1007/s00397-025-01508-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00397-025-01508-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Several models are available in the literature describing the viscosity of suspensions, but only a few incorporate the complex nature of the matrix. When they do so, they use the power law model. We propose a viscosity model based on the Cross model for non-Newtonian suspensions, consisting of non-Brownian particles in aqueous xanthan gum (XG) solutions. Aqueous solutions of xanthan gum with and without calcium carbonate particles (CC) were tested. We prepared mixtures with tap water at XG wt% in the semidilute regime, and CC vol% between 5% and 30%. Two different mixing protocols were used, differing in whether or not solutions were prepared via dilution with the stock XG solution. The base xanthan gum viscosities were collapsed into a master curve based on the Cross model. The shear-thinning behaviour is described as a function of polymer concentration by scaling laws for the Cross parameters, the zero-shear viscosity <span>(eta _{0})</span>, infinite shear viscosity <span>(eta _{infty })</span>, consistency index <i>K</i> and the <i>m</i> index. Protocol 1 mixtures could give rise to suspensions viscosities <i>lower</i> than the base XG fluid. This behaviour was attributed to the mixing procedure and named the “dilution effect”. Protocol 2 was developed to correct the mixing procedure. A predictive model was formulated by deriving an effective viscosity equation using the Cross model. The results show the relative effective viscosity to be roughly independent of the shear rate between <span>(1 mathrm{s^{-1}})</span> and <span>(1000 mathrm{s^{-1}})</span>. A collapse of the average relative effective viscosities was achieved using an existing model for Newtonian suspensions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":755,"journal":{"name":"Rheologica Acta","volume":"64 6-7","pages":"293 - 314"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00397-025-01508-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145142336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rheologica ActaPub Date : 2025-06-25DOI: 10.1007/s00397-025-01502-1
Yuichi Masubuchi, Max G. Schußmann, Kyu Hyun, Manfred Wilhelm, Valerian Hirschberg, Giovanni Ianniruberto, Giuseppe Marrucci
{"title":"Primitive chain network simulations of double peaks in viscosity growth curves of densely branched pom-pom polymer melts in fast shear flows","authors":"Yuichi Masubuchi, Max G. Schußmann, Kyu Hyun, Manfred Wilhelm, Valerian Hirschberg, Giovanni Ianniruberto, Giuseppe Marrucci","doi":"10.1007/s00397-025-01502-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00397-025-01502-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Despite many attempts, the molecular mechanism of the nonlinear viscoelastic response of polymeric liquids in fast shear flows has not yet been fully elucidated. In this study, we examined the viscosity growth curves for a few well-characterized, nearly monodisperse, densely branched pom-pom polystyrene melts. The viscosity growth curves exhibit double peaks rather than the widely reported (for most polymer melts) single peak. To investigate the underlying molecular mechanism responsible for the observed behavior, we conducted primitive chain network (multi-chain sliplink) simulations, and found that the first and second peaks correspond to arm orientation and backbone stretch, respectively. We further observed that backbone stretch is reduced by coherent molecular tumbling at the flow start-up, and hence the second peak intensity comes out comparable to that of the orientation-induced first peak. In our sample, the number of backbone entanglements is small, so the mechanism of branchpoint withdrawal does not play a significant role.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":755,"journal":{"name":"Rheologica Acta","volume":"64 6-7","pages":"263 - 271"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145144687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rheologica ActaPub Date : 2025-06-24DOI: 10.1007/s00397-025-01505-y
Evgeniy Boyko
{"title":"Pressure-driven fully developed flow of a viscoelastic fluid in narrow channels: the role of different microscopic features in an elastic dumbbell model","authors":"Evgeniy Boyko","doi":"10.1007/s00397-025-01505-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00397-025-01505-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Viscoelastic fluid flows are widely described by elastic dumbbell models such as Oldroyd-B and FENE-P. However, these constitutive equations can yield significantly different predictions, which may contradict experimental observations. In this work, we analyze the fully developed flow of a viscoelastic fluid in a straight channel and present a theory based on the lubrication approximation for calculating the elastic stresses and flow rate for four elastic dumbbell models, including various microstructurally inspired terms. We compare the predictions of different models and elucidate the impact of (i) the finite extensibility, (ii) conformation-dependent friction coefficient, and (iii) conformation-dependent non-affine deformation on the polymer stresses, velocity, and flow rate. We demonstrate that including all three microstructurally inspired terms in a constitutive equation can significantly affect the response of a viscoelastic fluid even in a fully developed flow, thus highlighting their potential necessity for accurate modeling of viscoelastic channel flows with mixed kinematics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":755,"journal":{"name":"Rheologica Acta","volume":"64 9-10","pages":"517 - 530"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00397-025-01505-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145479821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Correction to: The dynamic mechanical properties of EPDM rubber based on the fractional derivative constitutive model","authors":"Rongguo Zhao, Sibo Wen, Ziqi Hu, Taotao Tao, Yizhi Jiang, Ke Chen","doi":"10.1007/s00397-025-01506-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00397-025-01506-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":755,"journal":{"name":"Rheologica Acta","volume":"64 6-7","pages":"291 - 291"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145144121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rheologica ActaPub Date : 2025-06-21DOI: 10.1007/s00397-025-01504-z
Patrick J. McCauley, Catherine A. Fromen, Alexandra V. Bayles
{"title":"Cell viability in extrusion bioprinting: the impact of process parameters, bioink rheology, and cell mechanics","authors":"Patrick J. McCauley, Catherine A. Fromen, Alexandra V. Bayles","doi":"10.1007/s00397-025-01504-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00397-025-01504-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Extrusion bioprinting is a rapidly developing technology that prints cell-laden materials or “bioinks” to create complex, three-dimensional tissue constructs. This technology could play a key role in tissue engineering, drug screening, and cancer research. However, cells can be damaged or killed by extrusion forces during printing, limiting throughput and feature resolution. Here, we propose a critical strain-based cell model for predicting cell viability during extrusion that incorporates process parameters, bioink rheology, and cell mechanical properties. We extract parameters from practical nozzle diameters and extrusion flow rates, from power law and Herschel-Bulkley fits to bioink bulk rheology, and from single-cell rheology measurements of cell stiffness and fluidity, and then combine them for the first time to predict viability. This model agrees well with existing cell viability studies and further predicts that cell viability decreases with increasing flow rate, increasing bioink viscosity, increasing nozzle length, or decreasing nozzle radius. Mechanistically, these effects are linked to changes in shear stress or residence time of cells within the nozzle, where the properties of specific cell types dictate their deformation and ultimately damage. This work demonstrates that incorporating cell mechanical properties into cell viability models can improve the qualitative agreement between modeling and experiments and thus provide data-driven guidelines for bioprinting design optimization.</p><p><b>Strong extrusion stresses can impact cell health.</b> Depending on the proccess parameters, bioink rheology, and cell properties, cells can be critically deformed during extrusion bioprinting, resulting in cell death. Damaged cells are predicted to be localized closer to the walls of the nozzle at a radial position r> r<span>(_{c})</span>.</p>","PeriodicalId":755,"journal":{"name":"Rheologica Acta","volume":"64 9-10","pages":"497 - 515"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00397-025-01504-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145479657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rheologica ActaPub Date : 2025-06-11DOI: 10.1007/s00397-025-01503-0
Tom Höfken, José Ruiz-Franco, Andrea Scotti, Emanuela Zaccarelli
{"title":"Flow of microgels with different softness at the interface reproduced by a multi-Hertzian model","authors":"Tom Höfken, José Ruiz-Franco, Andrea Scotti, Emanuela Zaccarelli","doi":"10.1007/s00397-025-01503-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00397-025-01503-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Once surface active colloids, such as microgels, adsorb to an interface, they modify the viscoelastic properties of the interface. In contrast to what happens in bulk, the elastic properties have a non-monotonic dependence on the generalized area fraction. In this study, we describe this phenomena by performing molecular dynamic simulations of effective pair potentials in two dimensions. Our potential model is constructed by taking available interfacial rheology experimental results as a starting point. From this knowledge, we need to take into account, for very dense monolayers, that the interaction between adsorbed microgels has to consider multiple factors, including an increase in microgel stiffness when compressed and the presence of a dense inner core region. To account for these properties, we adopt a square-shoulder multi-Hertzian model, which predicts equilibrium structures and rheological properties in qualitatively agreement with experiments. Crucially, this model avoids the reentrant liquid behavior commonly observed with soft Hertzian-based pair potentials at high concentrations. Building on these insights, we thus explore the parameter space of this potential, providing novel predictions for dense monolayers composed of differently crosslinked microgels, awaiting for experimental investigation in the near future.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":755,"journal":{"name":"Rheologica Acta","volume":"64 12","pages":"773 - 784"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00397-025-01503-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146026767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rheologica ActaPub Date : 2025-06-09DOI: 10.1007/s00397-025-01494-y
Teng Cui, Shuang Liu, Manfred H. Wagner, Qian Huang
{"title":"Consistent modeling of nonlinear shear and elongational start-up data of entangled polystyrene solutions","authors":"Teng Cui, Shuang Liu, Manfred H. Wagner, Qian Huang","doi":"10.1007/s00397-025-01494-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00397-025-01494-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nonlinear shear and elongational start-up data of three entangled PS solutions consisting of the same weight fraction of a linear long-chain polystyrene PS-600 k and three different styrene oligomeric solvents were recently reported by Cui et al. (Rheol Acta 64:97-105, 2025). The solvents are two linear styrene oligomers of different molecular weights as well as a star styrene oligomer. We show that start-up of shear viscosity and apparent normal stress difference as well as start-up of elongational viscosity can consistently be described by the Rotation Zero Stretch (RZS) model (Rheol Acta 63:573, 2024; Phys Fluids 36:093124, 2024), which is based on the tube model and a flow-strength sensitive evolution equation of stretch. In extensional flows, the RZS model reduces to the Enhanced Relaxation of Stretch (ERS) model (J Rheol. 65:1413, 2021). The modeling is based exclusively on the linear-viscoelastic characterization of the solutions and a consistent set of Rouse stretch relaxation times for PS-600 k.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":755,"journal":{"name":"Rheologica Acta","volume":"64 6-7","pages":"255 - 261"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00397-025-01494-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145143272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rheologica ActaPub Date : 2025-06-07DOI: 10.1007/s00397-025-01501-2
Akul N. Seshadri, Matthew Kaboolian, Yuan-Jung Chen, Arezoo M. Ardekani, Jeffrey P. Youngblood, Katie Weigandt, Kendra A. Erk, Ria D. Corder
{"title":"Effects of non-adsorbing polymer molecular weight on the rheology and microstructure of dense suspensions","authors":"Akul N. Seshadri, Matthew Kaboolian, Yuan-Jung Chen, Arezoo M. Ardekani, Jeffrey P. Youngblood, Katie Weigandt, Kendra A. Erk, Ria D. Corder","doi":"10.1007/s00397-025-01501-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00397-025-01501-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Dense suspensions with high solid volume fractions (<span>(phi ge 0.5))</span> are prevalent in nature and throughout industry. These highly loaded suspensions can exhibit complex rheological behaviors, including both shear thinning and subsequent thickening with increasing shear rate. Understanding the mechanisms behind these rheological behaviors can improve the design of materials systems to behave as predicted and desired under process flows. Here, we present a study on an industrially relevant, dense (<span>(phi =0.55))</span>, colloidal alumina suspension and show how the addition and loading of a non-adsorbing polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) at different molecular weights can be used to tune and control its rheological properties. PVP was added at varying concentrations spanning the dilute and semi-dilute non-entangled regimes for each molecular weight. The addition of PVP at concentrations in the dilute regime was shown to increase the viscosity of the suspension and induce discontinuous shear thickening (DST). However, further increases in PVP loading particularly within the semi-dilute non-entangled regime and at higher PVP molecular weights also increased the dynamic yield stress of the material, made the suspension more shear thinning, and delayed the onset of DST. Rheological measurements were coupled with insights on the relevant particle and polymer length scales from small angle neutron scattering (SANS), including Rheo-SANS measurements, to inform on the mechanisms by which non-adsorbing polymers influence suspension rheology across multiple flow regimes.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":755,"journal":{"name":"Rheologica Acta","volume":"64 9-10","pages":"483 - 496"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145479656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rheologica ActaPub Date : 2025-06-06DOI: 10.1007/s00397-025-01499-7
Iliya D. Stoev, Anasua Mukhopadhyay, Rene Tammen, Erika Eiser
{"title":"Microrheological characterisation of clay-PEO nanocomposites","authors":"Iliya D. Stoev, Anasua Mukhopadhyay, Rene Tammen, Erika Eiser","doi":"10.1007/s00397-025-01499-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00397-025-01499-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Clay-polymer mixtures, characterised by high mechanical stiffness, are widely utilised in strengthening soft and easy-to-break materials. Here, we present microrheological results on shake-gels made of natural (montmorillonite) and synthetic (Laponite) disk-shaped clay particles in combination with poly(ethyleneoxide). These clay-polymer suspensions represent shear-thickening fluids that display a large increase in viscosity upon large-amplitude shaking. By performing both bulk and microrheology experiments, we probe the phase behaviour and mechanical response of these nanocomposites. Slight tuning of either the particle or polymer concentration leads to dramatic changes in the macroscopic appearance of the mixture, transitioning from a low-viscosity fluid to a stiff gel, capable of sustaining its own weight. We relate these observations to microscopic measurements, providing insight into the local reorganisation of the constituting building blocks and the time-evolution of each phase.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":755,"journal":{"name":"Rheologica Acta","volume":"64 4-5","pages":"241 - 253"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00397-025-01499-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145162876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}