Rheologica Acta最新文献

筛选
英文 中文
Acoustic monitoring of the gelation of a colloidal suspension 胶体悬浮液凝胶化的声学监测
IF 2.3 3区 工程技术
Rheologica Acta Pub Date : 2022-12-13 DOI: 10.1007/s00397-022-01381-w
Nicolas Bélicard, Marc Junior Niémet-Mabiala, Jean-Noel Tourvieille, Pierre Lidon
{"title":"Acoustic monitoring of the gelation of a colloidal suspension","authors":"Nicolas Bélicard,&nbsp;Marc Junior Niémet-Mabiala,&nbsp;Jean-Noel Tourvieille,&nbsp;Pierre Lidon","doi":"10.1007/s00397-022-01381-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00397-022-01381-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Because they are sensitive to mechanical properties of materials and can propagate even in opaque systems, acoustic waves provides us with a powerful tool for local rheological characterization of various systems. While most common acoustic techniques rely on time-of-flight measurements, acoustic spectra of speed and attenuation contain rich information on the propagation medium which led to the development of acoustic spectroscopy techniques. They however remain underused in the field of complex fluids because of the difficulty to interpret quantitatively acoustic signals. In this note, we use a simple ultrasound spectroscopy set up to investigate the gelation dynamics by precipitation of a silica colloidal gel. First, we show that a simple analysis of acoustic attenuation allows to define a gelation time, which is proportional to this obtained with rheological measurements. This validates the possibility to use acoustic spectroscopy for monitoring of gelation process, and our setup also has the possibility to perform mappings, showing that the formed gels display some heterogeneity. By studying in more detail acoustic spectra, we finally attempt to relate more precisely acoustic measurements with mechanical parameters of the material.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":755,"journal":{"name":"Rheologica Acta","volume":"62 1","pages":"71 - 89"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4532133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Non-linear dilational rheology of liquid-liquid interfaces stabilized by dipeptide hydrogels 二肽水凝胶稳定液-液界面的非线性膨胀流变
IF 2.3 3区 工程技术
Rheologica Acta Pub Date : 2022-12-07 DOI: 10.1007/s00397-022-01380-x
Fernando Carbonell-Aviñó, Paul S. Clegg
{"title":"Non-linear dilational rheology of liquid-liquid interfaces stabilized by dipeptide hydrogels","authors":"Fernando Carbonell-Aviñó,&nbsp;Paul S. Clegg","doi":"10.1007/s00397-022-01380-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00397-022-01380-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We investigate the effects of salt concentration on the rheological properties of dipeptide hydrogel fibres at liquid-liquid interfaces. The interfaces were subjected to large amplitude oscillatory dilation (LAOD) experiments across a range of oscillation strains and frequencies. Lissajous plots of pressure-strain were used for characterizing the viscoelastic properties and for identifying apparent yielding. We show that key aspects of the rheological response of the interfaces vary significantly with salt concentration. At low strain, independent of salt concentration, Lissajous curves show an almost elliptical shape. As the strain is increased, asymmetry in Lissajous curves evidences a non-linear response. The departure from an ellipse is most obvious at negative strain (at moderate to high salt concentrations) and is suggestive of strain-hardening on compression. The Lissajous curves tilt towards the diagonal at elevated salt concentration demonstrating that the interfaces are becoming increasingly elastic. However, increasing the frequency of the oscillation has little systematic effect. We infer that the addition of salt leads to the development of structure on the interfaces from our observations strain-hardening and of the increasingly elastic response. To fully capture the range of behaviour, we suggest a modification of the analysis to calculate the strain-hardening ratio <i>S</i> used to quantify the degree of non-linearities from Lissajous figures, so as to better reveal the presence of instant strain-softening and strain-hardening responses.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":755,"journal":{"name":"Rheologica Acta","volume":"62 1","pages":"45 - 55"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00397-022-01380-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4293296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Rheological investigation and modeling of healing properties during extrusion-based 3D printing of poly(lactic-acid) 聚乳酸挤出3D打印修复性能流变学研究与建模
IF 2.3 3区 工程技术
Rheologica Acta Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1007/s00397-022-01377-6
Xavier Lacambra-Andreu, Xavier P. Morelle, Abderrahim Maazouz, Jean-Marc Chenal, Khalid Lamnawar
{"title":"Rheological investigation and modeling of healing properties during extrusion-based 3D printing of poly(lactic-acid)","authors":"Xavier Lacambra-Andreu,&nbsp;Xavier P. Morelle,&nbsp;Abderrahim Maazouz,&nbsp;Jean-Marc Chenal,&nbsp;Khalid Lamnawar","doi":"10.1007/s00397-022-01377-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00397-022-01377-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h2>Abstract </h2><div><p>The focus of the present paper is the rheological study of poly(D,L-lactic-acid) (PDLLA) towards a modeling of their healing properties during 3D direct pellet printing extrusion (DPPE). The viscoelastic properties of PDLLA and the filament temperature during deposition are first characterized. The influence of DPPE processing conditions is investigated in terms of temperature, time, and printing speed. For this, we propose a modeling of the process-induced interphase thickness between two deposited layers considering the non-isothermal polymer relaxation and accounting for the contribution of entanglement rate through the Convective constraint release model. Hence, taking into account the induced chain orientation and mobility coming from filament deposition, this model quantifies the degree of healing between 3D-printed layers. Eventually, the proposed model is validated by comparing the theoretically calculated degree of healing with experimental tensile properties and lap shear results.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000 <figure><div><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></div></figure>\u0000 </div></div>","PeriodicalId":755,"journal":{"name":"Rheologica Acta","volume":"62 1","pages":"31 - 44"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00397-022-01377-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4015501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Experimental separation of the onset of slip and sharkskin melt instabilities during the extrusion of silica-filled, styrene–butadiene rubber compounds 二氧化硅填充丁苯橡胶化合物挤压过程中滑移起始和鲨鱼皮熔体不稳定性的实验分离
IF 2.3 3区 工程技术
Rheologica Acta Pub Date : 2022-11-23 DOI: 10.1007/s00397-022-01376-7
Alex Gansen, Martin Řehoř, Clemens Sill, Patrycja Polińska, Stephan Westermann, Jean Dheur, Jack S. Hale, Jörg Baller
{"title":"Experimental separation of the onset of slip and sharkskin melt instabilities during the extrusion of silica-filled, styrene–butadiene rubber compounds","authors":"Alex Gansen,&nbsp;Martin Řehoř,&nbsp;Clemens Sill,&nbsp;Patrycja Polińska,&nbsp;Stephan Westermann,&nbsp;Jean Dheur,&nbsp;Jack S. Hale,&nbsp;Jörg Baller","doi":"10.1007/s00397-022-01376-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00397-022-01376-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h2>Abstract\u0000</h2><div><p>The flow curves of polymers often reveal the onset of melt instabilities such as sharkskin, stick–slip, or gross melt fracture, in order of increasing shear rates. The focus of this work lies in the application of the Göttfert sharkskin option to the investigation of flow curves of styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) compounds. The sharkskin option consists of highly sensitive pressure transducers located inside a slit die of a capillary rheometer. This tool allows the detection of in-situ pressure fluctuation characteristics of different melt instabilities. It is shown that the change of slope of the transition region in the flow curves is only linked to slip. Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) measurements furthermore show that the shear rate at which the change of slope can be observed shows the same temperature dependency as the viscous and elastic properties of the compounds.</p></div></div>","PeriodicalId":755,"journal":{"name":"Rheologica Acta","volume":"62 1","pages":"15 - 30"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00397-022-01376-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4909123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Elongational viscosity of poly(propylene carbonate) melts: tube-based modelling and primitive chain network simulations 聚碳酸丙烯酯熔体的伸长粘度:基于管的建模和原始链网络模拟
IF 2.3 3区 工程技术
Rheologica Acta Pub Date : 2022-11-12 DOI: 10.1007/s00397-022-01373-w
Manfred H. Wagner, Esmaeil Narimissa, Yuichi Masubuchi
{"title":"Elongational viscosity of poly(propylene carbonate) melts: tube-based modelling and primitive chain network simulations","authors":"Manfred H. Wagner,&nbsp;Esmaeil Narimissa,&nbsp;Yuichi Masubuchi","doi":"10.1007/s00397-022-01373-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00397-022-01373-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h2>Abstract\u0000</h2><div><p>In fast elongational flows, linear polymer melts exhibit a monotonic decrease of the viscosity with increasing strain rate, even beyond the contraction rate of the polymer defined by the Rouse time. We consider two possible explanations of this phenomenon: (a) the reduction of monomeric friction and (b) the reduction of the tube diameter with increasing deformation leading to an Enhanced Relaxation of Stretch (ERS) on smaller length scales. (Masubuchi et al. (2022) reported Primitive Chain Network (PCN) simulations using an empirical friction reduction model depending on segmental orientation and could reproduce the elongational viscosity data of three poly(propylene carbonate) melts and a polystyrene melt. Here, we show that the mesoscopic tube-based ESR model (Wagner and Narimissa 2021) provides quantitative agreement with the same data set based exclusively on the linear-viscoelastic characterization and the Rouse time. From the ERS model, a parameter-free universal relation of monomeric friction reduction as a function of segmental stretch can be derived. PCN simulations using this friction reduction relation are shown to reproduce quantitatively the experimental data even without any fitting parameter. The comparison with results of the earlier PCN simulation results with friction depending on segmental orientation demonstrates that the two friction relations examined work equally well which implies that the physical mechanisms of friction reduction are still open for discussion.</p></div></div>","PeriodicalId":755,"journal":{"name":"Rheologica Acta","volume":"62 1","pages":"1 - 14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00397-022-01373-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4511303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Comparison of shear viscosity and normal stress measurements by rotational and on-line slit rheometers with tube model predictions 用旋转和在线狭缝流变仪测量剪切粘度和法向应力与管模型预测的比较
IF 2.3 3区 工程技术
Rheologica Acta Pub Date : 2022-11-12 DOI: 10.1007/s00397-022-01374-9
Paulo F. Teixeira, Loic Hilliou, Jose A. Covas, Esmaeil Narimissa, Leslie Poh, Manfred H. Wagner
{"title":"Comparison of shear viscosity and normal stress measurements by rotational and on-line slit rheometers with tube model predictions","authors":"Paulo F. Teixeira,&nbsp;Loic Hilliou,&nbsp;Jose A. Covas,&nbsp;Esmaeil Narimissa,&nbsp;Leslie Poh,&nbsp;Manfred H. Wagner","doi":"10.1007/s00397-022-01374-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00397-022-01374-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h2>Abstract\u0000</h2><div><p>In-extruder measurements of shear viscosity and normal stresses are important as these measurement techniques allow determining the rheological state of the polymer melt at processing conditions up to high shear rates. However, validation of viscosity and normal stress data obtained by in-line slit rheometers at high shear rates is difficult due to a lack of overlap of the in-line data and the off-line measurements by rotational rheometers limited to lower shear rates. Here, shear viscosity and normal stress data measured in-line at large shear rates during extrusion and off-line at low shear rates are compared to predictions of the Doi-Edwards model and the Hierarchical Multi-Mode Molecular Stress Function (HMMSF) model using linear-viscoelastic off-line small amplitude oscillating shear data of two polystyrenes and a low-density polyethylene as input parameters. For polystyrene, the results of this investigation do not only validate the experimental data obtained by rotational as well as slit-die rheometry, but also demonstrate the agreement between experiments and models up to very high shear rates, which were not experimentally accessible earlier. The low-density polyethylene shows a more complex behaviour, which follows the HMMSF model at low shear rates, but approaches the Doi-Edwards model at high shear rates.</p></div></div>","PeriodicalId":755,"journal":{"name":"Rheologica Acta","volume":"61 11-12","pages":"799 - 809"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00397-022-01374-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4508072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Correction to: Graphene oxide dispersion state in polystyrene-based composites below percolation threshold via linear melt rheology 修正:通过线性熔体流变,聚苯乙烯基复合材料中的氧化石墨烯分散状态低于渗透阈值
IF 2.3 3区 工程技术
Rheologica Acta Pub Date : 2022-11-02 DOI: 10.1007/s00397-022-01375-8
Claudia Dessi, Leice G. Amurin, Pablo A. R. Muñoz, Yuri D. C. de Oliveira, Guilhermino J. M. Fechine, Ricardo J. E. Andrade
{"title":"Correction to: Graphene oxide dispersion state in polystyrene-based composites below percolation threshold via linear melt rheology","authors":"Claudia Dessi,&nbsp;Leice G. Amurin,&nbsp;Pablo A. R. Muñoz,&nbsp;Yuri D. C. de Oliveira,&nbsp;Guilhermino J. M. Fechine,&nbsp;Ricardo J. E. Andrade","doi":"10.1007/s00397-022-01375-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00397-022-01375-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":755,"journal":{"name":"Rheologica Acta","volume":"61 11-12","pages":"869 - 869"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4442245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of nano-silica-particle additive on magneto-rheological behavior 纳米二氧化硅颗粒添加剂对磁流变行为的影响
IF 2.3 3区 工程技术
Rheologica Acta Pub Date : 2022-10-14 DOI: 10.1007/s00397-022-01371-y
Yanan Zhang, Jile Jiang, Chuke Ouyang, Gang Wen, Yonggang Meng, Yu Tian
{"title":"Effect of nano-silica-particle additive on magneto-rheological behavior","authors":"Yanan Zhang,&nbsp;Jile Jiang,&nbsp;Chuke Ouyang,&nbsp;Gang Wen,&nbsp;Yonggang Meng,&nbsp;Yu Tian","doi":"10.1007/s00397-022-01371-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00397-022-01371-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the effect nano-silica particle additive with different concentrations and sizes on magneto-rheological behavior of carbonyl iron particle suspensions from the tribological point of view. The lubrication states between particle–particle contacts and particle-plate contacts affected the magnetorheological behaviors. The silica particle additive leads to a larger friction coefficient at boundary lubrication conditions of the base carrier fluid which results in solid–solid contact states between the particles and plate and improves the yield stress. The normal stress and plate gap reflect that the nano-silica particles prevent the end of the ferromagnetic particle from sliding at the plate under high magnetic field, which enhance the friction effect between the particle and plate. The normalization methods based on the concept of tribology disclosed the influence of silica particle additives on the structural evolution of iron particles. It provides an effective guidance for the formulation design of MRF considering the effect of additives on the lubrication performance of the base carrier fluid.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":755,"journal":{"name":"Rheologica Acta","volume":"61 11-12","pages":"785 - 798"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00397-022-01371-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4589313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Thixotropic behavior of a glass melt of nuclear interest containing platinum group metal particles 含铂族金属粒子的核感兴趣玻璃熔体的触变行为
IF 2.3 3区 工程技术
Rheologica Acta Pub Date : 2022-10-13 DOI: 10.1007/s00397-022-01372-x
Norma Maria Pereira Machado, Muriel Neyret, Cécile Lemaître, Philippe Marchal
{"title":"Thixotropic behavior of a glass melt of nuclear interest containing platinum group metal particles","authors":"Norma Maria Pereira Machado,&nbsp;Muriel Neyret,&nbsp;Cécile Lemaître,&nbsp;Philippe Marchal","doi":"10.1007/s00397-022-01372-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00397-022-01372-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h2>Abstract\u0000</h2><div><p>Platinum group metals (PGM) particles are generally found in nuclear borosilicate glasses resulting from the melting, at 1200 °C, of a glass precursor and fission products issued from spent fuel reprocessing. Contrary to some other elements, such as iron, nickel, and chromium, these particles are not incorporated chemically in molten glasses. During the melting step, the presence of these metals as suspended particles of a few microns has an impact on the rheological properties of the material, leading to a non-Newtonian behavior. Their impact on the process is the object of characterization and modeling of many studies that have established that the melt presents a shear-thinning and thixotropic behavior. In this work, a deeper analysis of the thixotropic behavior of a simulated nuclear glass melt containing 3.0 wt% (1.02 vol%) of PGM particles is presented. Steady and transient state rheological measurements were performed over a wide shear rate range using a stress-imposed rheometer at temperatures ranging from 1100 to 1250 °C. A mathematical modeling of the glass melt suspension thixotropic behavior is presented for the first time, using a thixotropic model akin to that proposed by Moore. This model is found to explain and predict successfully the rheological behavior of the material. In particular, it allows predicting the transient behavior of the samples from steady-state experiments, without additional adjustable parameters. The present study thus provides an important input for the modeling of the vitrification process.</p></div></div>","PeriodicalId":755,"journal":{"name":"Rheologica Acta","volume":"61 11-12","pages":"857 - 866"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4557698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Correction to: Elucidating the rheological implications of adding particles in blood 更正:阐明在血液中添加颗粒的流变学含义
IF 2.3 3区 工程技术
Rheologica Acta Pub Date : 2022-09-28 DOI: 10.1007/s00397-022-01370-z
Pavlos S. Stephanou
{"title":"Correction to: Elucidating the rheological implications of adding particles in blood","authors":"Pavlos S. Stephanou","doi":"10.1007/s00397-022-01370-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00397-022-01370-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":755,"journal":{"name":"Rheologica Acta","volume":"61 11-12","pages":"867 - 867"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5102615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
相关产品
×
本文献相关产品
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信