Agricultural Research最新文献

{"title":"Did Covid-19 Impacted Market Arrivals and Prices of Major Food Commodities in India: Evidence from Extended Time Series Analysis","authors":"Dinesh Chand Meena, Purushottam Sharma, MD. Ejaz Anwer","doi":"10.1007/s40003-023-00695-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40003-023-00695-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7553,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Research","volume":"11 2","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139854703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic Assessment of Rhizobium tropici and Azospirillum brasilense Co-Inoculation in Common Bean","authors":"Matheus Messias,&nbsp;Enderson Petrônio de Brito Ferreira,&nbsp;Osmira Fátima da Silva,&nbsp;Alcido Elenor Wander","doi":"10.1007/s40003-023-00692-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40003-023-00692-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The common bean cropping system has a high cost, mainly due to using nitrogen fertilisers. An alternative for a replacement to reduce production costs is the co-inoculation technique of <i>Rhizobium tropici</i> and <i>Azospirillum brasilense</i>. This study aimed to evaluate the economic viability of co-inoculation of common beans via sowing furrow. Data from five field experiments conducted in three locations in three seasons were used. The treatments consisted of absolute control (without inoculation and fertilisation), nitrogen fertilisation, simple inoculation with <i>R. tropici</i> and co-inoculation with <i>R. tropici</i> and different doses of <i>A. brasilense</i> applied in the sowing furrow. The economic analysis was carried out based on market prices and indexes, depending on the grain production of the different treatments. Treatment with nitrogen fertiliser (80 kg ha⁻¹ of N) resulted in higher production costs, with an average value of USD 1,889 ha⁻¹. Co-inoculation with two doses of <i>R. tropici</i> and four doses of <i>A. brasilense</i> provided the highest mean gross revenue values, net income and benefit-cost-ratio. Co-inoculation with two doses of <i>R. tropici</i> and four doses of <i>A. brasilense</i> resulted in a benefit-cost-ratio of 8 to 11% greater than simple inoculation with <i>Rhizobium tropici</i>, nitrogen treatment and commercial inoculant. Co-inoculation with <i>R. tropici</i> and <i>A. brasilense</i>, in addition to providing high yields, also provides high profitability, proving to be a technology that can contribute to the reduction/replacement of the use of nitrogen fertilisers and reduction of environmental impacts without compromising yield and profitability of common beans.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7553,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Research","volume":"13 2","pages":"216 - 224"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40003-023-00692-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139855391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Did Covid-19 Impacted Market Arrivals and Prices of Major Food Commodities in India: Evidence from Extended Time Series Analysis","authors":"Dinesh Chand Meena,&nbsp;Purushottam Sharma,&nbsp;Md. Ejaz Anwer","doi":"10.1007/s40003-023-00695-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40003-023-00695-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent lockdown policy significantly impacted all sectors of the economy, including agriculture. It disrupted the market’s normal functions in multiple ways; hence, this study was conducted using extended time series data to estimate the impact of the nationwide lockdown on market arrivals, price margin, and wholesale and retail prices of major food commodities. The study employed the multiple policy interventions interrupted time series analysis (ITSA) model to estimate pre-and post-intervention price trends change following lockdowns in 2020 and 2021. The results indicated that most agricultural commodities witnessed a substantial decrease in market arrivals, and there were heterogeneous effects on price margins across commodities and lockdown periods. ITSA results reveal that wholesale and retail prices for wheat and rice decreased significantly due to record crop harvests in 2019–20 and free distribution through Government welfare programs (PMGKAY). In contrast, the wholesale and retail price of pulses dal and mustard oil increased significantly during the lockdown period of 2020 and 2021. Overall, the Government managed the lockdown in 2021 better than in 2020, enabling access to essential goods and services, transportation and other conveniences. Furthermore, the study suggests policies to enhance the supply chain’s responsiveness and resilience to future pandemics and natural disasters, given the lessons learned from the COVID-19 lockdown.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7553,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Research","volume":"13 2","pages":"340 - 351"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139794828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic Assessment of Rhizobium tropici and Azospirillum brasilense Co-Inoculation in Common Bean","authors":"Matheus Messias, Enderson Petrônio de Brito Ferreira, Osmira Fátima da Silva, Alcido Elenor Wander","doi":"10.1007/s40003-023-00692-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40003-023-00692-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7553,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Research","volume":"29 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139795722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methyl Jasmonate Treatment Relieves Chilling Injury and Improves the Postharvest Quality of Snap Bean by Regulating Antioxidant Metabolism","authors":"Na Lv, Li Li, Na Wang, Chang-Jie Guo, Hao Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s40003-024-00696-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40003-024-00696-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7553,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Research","volume":"47 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139829953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methyl Jasmonate Treatment Relieves Chilling Injury and Improves the Postharvest Quality of Snap Bean by Regulating Antioxidant Metabolism","authors":"Na Lv,&nbsp;Li Li,&nbsp;Na Wang,&nbsp;Chang-jie Guo,&nbsp;Hao-yan Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s40003-024-00696-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40003-024-00696-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Snap bean (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> L.) is very sensitive to low temperature during postharvest storage. Methyl jasmonate (MeJA) is a volatile hormone ubiquitous in many kinds of plants and plays important role in regulating plant physiological functions. The alleviating effect of MeJA treatment on chilling injury (CI) in postharvest snap bean was studied. We found MeJA treatment markedly decreased the index of chilling injury, electrolyte leakage and content of malondialdehyde. MeJA-treated snap bean exhibited higher levels of total soluble solids and titratable acidity. Similarly, MeJA could prevent the degradation of chlorophyll and ascorbic acid. Not only total antioxidant capacity but also metal chelating ability of MeJA-treated snap bean was stronger than untreated control. MeJA-treated snap bean showed higher scavenging activities on superoxide radical (O₂^.-), hydroxyl radical (·OH) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-trinitrophenylhydrazine radical either. MeJA application stimulated the activities of ascorbate peroxidase (APX), peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in snap bean. In conclusion, this study reveals MeJA can be used to relieve chilling injury and maintain the quality of snap bean during low-temperature storage. 8 µM MeJA is the optimal concentration to alleviate chilling injury of snap bean.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7553,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Research","volume":"13 2","pages":"198 - 203"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139889643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential of Wheat dwarf virus (Geminiviridae: Mastrevirus) Truncated Promoter for Improvement of Transgene Expression in Rice","authors":"Marzieh Taghi-Malekshahi,&nbsp;Khalil Alami-Saeid,&nbsp;Esmaeel Ghasemi-Goojani,&nbsp;Mohamad Hamed Ghodoum Parizipour","doi":"10.1007/s40003-023-00689-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40003-023-00689-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><i>Wheat dwarf virus</i> (WDV) is a monocotyledonous plant-infecting virus that causes economical loss to cereal cultivations annually. The objective of this study was to use <i>Cauliflower mosaic virus</i> 35S promoter in combination with WDV large intergenic region (LIR) in rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) plant. Herein, a partial sequence from the genome of an Iranian isolate of WDV was used to synthesize a promoter for improvement of transgene expression in rice cultivars including Champa, Hashemi and Najafi. The promoter was cloned into pCAMBIA1304 and transferred into rice cells using <i>in planta</i> method. PCR, hygromycin resistance and in vivo expression of green fluorescent protein (mGFP5) were used for evaluating the efficiency of the synthesized promoter. The results showed that the WDV LIR can act as an efficient promoter for transgene expression in rice plant. Moreover, a significant difference was found between transformation rates in different rice cultivars; thus, Champa and Najafi cultivars showed the highest and lowest rate of transformation, respectively. WDV LIR was used to design a novel promoter for gene expression in rice cells. PCR assay, phenotypic experiment (antibiotic selection and GFP expression) and nucleotide sequencing showed that LIR is a promising source for the improvement of transgene expression within cells of monocotyledonous plants.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7553,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Research","volume":"13 2","pages":"225 - 231"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140490020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TAR: A Highly Accurate Machine-Learning Model to Predict the Cocoon Shell Weight of Tasar Silkworm Antheraea Mylitta","authors":"Khasru Alam,&nbsp;Jiaul H. Paik,&nbsp;Soumen Saha,&nbsp;Raviraj V. Suresh","doi":"10.1007/s40003-023-00687-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40003-023-00687-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, we propose a machine-learning model for predicting the shell weight of silkworm cocoons <i>Antheraea mylitta D.</i> (<i>Saturnidae</i>) without cutting open the cocoon. Our proposed work uses a topology adaptive kernel regression (TAR) to predict the shell weight of cocoons based on a set of non-invasive easy-to-measure cocoon features. We evaluate our model on four datasets from different families of cocoons. The evaluation shows that the proposed model accurately predicts the shell weight and outperforms well-known models, including neural network-based regression.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7553,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Research","volume":"13 2","pages":"375 - 380"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139591901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic Analysis of Poultry Farming Using ANN Approach in the Rainfed Areas of Jammu Region of South Asia","authors":"Vipal Bhagat,&nbsp;Sudhakar Dwivedi","doi":"10.1007/s40003-023-00684-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40003-023-00684-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>India’s growth story is not in consonance with that of the development. Agriculture is non-remunerative in India, and the situation turns out to be lot grimmer if we take into account the varying degree of land areas. Rainfed areas are such areas where the remunerative potential of the farmers is relatively more precarious. In this context, the present study was conducted on poultry farming in the rainfed areas of the Jammu region of South Asia, respectively. Four districts, i.e. Jammu, Kathua, Rajouri and Udhampur, were purposively selected for the study. Production function analysis along with marginal value productivity was employed to carry out the monetary impact of the different inputs to the total production. To rule out the errors on account of skewed population of the research sample, the artificial neural network (ANN) approach using sensitivity analysis was also being conducted. The study revealed the net returns to be highest in case of Kathua region on account of the reasons like easy availability and accessibility of input requirements, proximity to the Punjab state, etc. Further, production function analysis pointed out that the chick cost, feed cost and veterinary care were significant factors. Sensitivity analysis revealed the importance of veterinary care in Kathua and Rajouri district and quality of feed in Jammu and Udhampur districts, respectively. Looking at the findings of the study, the study concluded that due care must be given to the veterinary care and quality of chicks, to make the poultry enterprise more remunerative in the rainfed regions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7553,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Research","volume":"13 2","pages":"328 - 339"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139387891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-operative anemia in children undergoing elective neurosurgery: An analysis of incidence, risk factors, and outcomes.","authors":"Shweta Naik, Amruta Nirale, Suparna Bharadwaj, R P Sangeetha, Dhaval Shukla, Sriganesh Kamath","doi":"10.25259/JNRP_338_2023","DOIUrl":"10.25259/JNRP_338_2023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Pediatric neurosurgeries carry a considerable risk of intraoperative bleeding and, subsequently, anemia in the post-operative period. Postoperative anemia is often multifactorial with several factors contributing to its occurrence. The present study aims to quantify the incidence of postoperative anemia, identify potential risk factors, and assess the impact of post-operative anemia on clinical outcomes in the pediatric neurosurgery population.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This was a single-center and retrospective cohort study which included children <18 years of age undergoing elective neurosurgery. The data were extracted from the electronic and physical patient health records. Post-operative anemia was defined for this study as a hemoglobin value below 10 g/dL at any time up to 3 days after surgery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 300 children were recruited during the study period. The incidence of post-operative anemia after elective pediatric neurosurgery was 21.33%. Children in the post-operative anemia group were younger (<i>P</i> = 0.004), had lower pre-operative hemoglobin values (<i>P</i> < 0.001), belonged to higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status (<i>P</i> = 0.023), underwent predominantly supratentorial (<i>P</i> = 0.041) and non-tumor surgeries (0.004), and received lesser intraoperative blood transfusion (<i>P</i> = 0.010) compared to no post-operative anemia group. The factors that remained predictive of post-operative anemia on multivariate analysis were ASA physical status (<i>P</i> = 0.018, odds ratio [OR] = 1.94, 95% confidence interval [CI] of 1.12-3.36), pre-operative hemoglobin (<i>P</i> < 0.001, OR = 0.64, 95% CI of 0.50-0.82), and intraoperative transfusion (<i>P</i> = 0.028, OR = 0.45, 95% CI of 0.22-0.92).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Optimization of modifiable risk factors is essential to reduce the occurrence of post-operative anemia and improve outcomes in pediatric neurosurgical patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":7553,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Research","volume":"4 1","pages":"29-33"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10927067/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74355367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}