Agricultural Research最新文献

{"title":"Enhancing Wheat Yield and Zinc Biofortification through Synergistic Action of Potent Zinc-Solubilizing Bacteria and Zinc Sulfate in Calcareous Soil","authors":"Murad Ali,&nbsp;Iftikhar Ahmed,&nbsp;Munir Hussain Zia,&nbsp;Saira Abbas,&nbsp;Tariq Sultan,&nbsp;Muhammad Sharif","doi":"10.1007/s40003-024-00750-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40003-024-00750-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Zinc (Zn) is deficient all over the world, mainly in the developing countries, and zinc sulfate is applied as a source of Zn fertilizer. However, the major portions of applied zinc sulfate become unavailable to plant in the soil and can be reverted back to available by inoculating zinc-solubilizing bacteria. Given the significance of the problem, this investigation aimed to enhance wheat yield and zinc biofortification. The approach involved inoculating the crop with native zinc-solubilizing bacteria and applying zinc sulfate to calcareous soil. In this study, a pot and field experiments were conducted to evaluate the impact of treatment combinations (control (without Zn and bacterial inoculation), 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 kg Zn ha⁻¹ were applied to soil without and with inoculation of zinc-solubilizing bacteria to seed of wheat cultivar, i.e., Wadaan-17 and Zincol-16). Results showed that zinc-solubilizing bacteria in conjunction with zinc sulfate significantly (<i>P</i> ≤ 0.05) increased the yield by 61%, grain zinc concentration by 139%, and apparent Zn recovery efficiency varied from 0.5 to 4.8% as compared to control under pot conditions. Similarly, under field conditions, the observations showed a 38% increase in yield, a 112% increase in grain zinc concentration and a 166% increase in zinc uptake. Additionally, the apparent zinc recovery efficiency ranged from 0.6% to 3.6% compared to the control. Among the treatment combinations, inoculation of Zn-solubilizing bacteria in conjunction with 8 kg Zn ha⁻¹ substantially boosted yield and yield attributes of wheat crop under both the pot and field conditions. Hence, it can be concluded that Zn-solubilizing bacteria have immense potential to be used as inoculants as they synergize the effect of chemical Zn, increase yield and improve the nutritional value of wheat under alkaline calcareous soil.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7553,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Research","volume":"14 1","pages":"159 - 170"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143571007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysing Land Use and Cover Transformations in Berhampore, West Bengal, India: A CA-Markov and ANN Simulation Approach for Future Predictions","authors":"Md. Mustaquim,&nbsp;Woheeul Islam","doi":"10.1007/s40003-024-00745-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40003-024-00745-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Land use and land cover (LULC) change is a multifaceted and dynamic process influenced by factors like population growth, economic development, and climate shifts. This study delves into the LULC changes spanning 1991–2021 in Berhampore, a district headquarters in Murshidabad, West Bengal, India. Notable findings include expanding built-up land from 5.25 to 9.30%, reducing agricultural land from 81.98 to 72.36%, and increasing plantation or forest land from 8.45 to 13.23%. The change transition matrix highlights significant shifts, notably the transformation of agricultural land into built-up areas (15.92 km²) and conversion to plantation or forest land (25.96 km²) and water bodies (5.54 km²). A chord diagram visually represents the transition matrix’s outcomes. Utilising the future land use simulation (FLUS) model, the study forecasts Berhampore’s LULC for 2031. Forecasts indicate an ongoing increase in built-up land and a decrease in agricultural land. Concurrently, the area of plantation or forest land is projected to expand. Employing remote sensing and GIS techniques, the research tracks LULC changes and engages in a focus group discussion with local stakeholders. Findings underscore the intricate interplay between LULC, urbanisation, and environmental dynamics. The study underscores the urgency of sustainable city planning, resource management, and community involvement to manage these transformations while preserving community well-being and ecological equilibrium. As cities expand and populations grow, this research highlights the imperative to balance development with environmental preservation for the more significant benefit of society and nature.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7553,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Research","volume":"14 1","pages":"171 - 187"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143571008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fruiting and Physicochemical–Biochemical Characteristics of Apricot (Prunus armeniaca) Cultivar ‘New Castle’ as Influenced by Foliar Application of Antioxidants and Phytoregulators","authors":"Neha Thakur,&nbsp;Gopal Singh,&nbsp;Dharam Paul Sharma,&nbsp;Uday Sharma","doi":"10.1007/s40003-024-00747-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40003-024-00747-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An experiment in a system of randomized block was conducted to evaluate the effect of different antioxidants and phytoregulators on fruiting and physicochemical–biochemical characteristics of apricot (<i>Prunus armeniaca</i> L.) cv. New Castle. Antioxidants and phytoregulators were applied at pink bud and pit hardening stages of growth. The results revealed that among the various treatments applied, significantly highest fruit yield, fruit weight and fruit size was found under plants treated with 0.005% gibberellic acid. Whereas, application of 0.2% ascorbic acid gave highest pulp-to-stone ratio and total soluble solids. Both GA₃ at 0.005% and ascorbic acid at 0.2% gave highest fruit set, fruit retention and ascorbic acid content. Reducing sugars, non-reducing sugars and total sugars were significantly better in plants treated with different concentrations of antioxidants. With respect to most of the parameters, ascorbic acid at 0.2% performed at par with 0.005% gibberellic acid. Therefore, the findings suggest that since antioxidants are organic compounds and are more readily acceptable than synthetic chemicals, these compounds can be considered as good alternative to chemicals in fruit production.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7553,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Research","volume":"14 1","pages":"121 - 129"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143571031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Field Assessment of a Plant Growth-Promoting Pseudomonas on Phytometric, Nutrient, and Yield Components of Maize in a Milpa Agrosystem","authors":"Blanca Rojas-Sánchez,&nbsp;Ma. del Carmen Orozco-Mosqueda,&nbsp;Gustavo Santoyo","doi":"10.1007/s40003-024-00756-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40003-024-00756-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The traditional milpa system, a polyculture originating in Mesoamerica, centers around maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.), associated with pumpkin (<i>Cucurbita</i> sp.) and beans (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> L.). The application of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) under a milpa agrosystem has been little explored. In this study, a maize crop in a milpa system was fertilized with the PGPR <i>Pseudomonas fluorescens</i> UM270 during the 2021 and 2023 seasons, and various phytoparameters (plant height, root length, chlorophyll concentration, root dry weight and total plant dry weight), total production, and grain nutrition were evaluated. The results showed that UM270 improved chlorophyll concentration and increased plant height, root length, and dry weight in maize plants. Co-fertilization with UM270 and diammonium phosphate (DAP) significantly improved plant and corn cob weight compared to controls with single fertilizations in both the 2021 and 2023 seasons. Notably, corn production increased by more than 40% in the corn monoculture inoculated with UM270 compared to the uninoculated plants. The UM270 + DAP cofertilization in the monoculture was also increased by more than 50% in both cycles. When analyzing the nutritional content of the corn cob, nitrogen and phosphorus increased with the inoculation with UM270, while other elements, such as potassium and calcium, were higher in treatments co-inoculated with UM270 + DAP. Based on our research, this study is the first to report the milpa as a suitable model for bioinoculation with PGPR, demonstrating its potential to increase maize yield and benefit other associated crops.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7553,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Research","volume":"14 1","pages":"143 - 158"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143571030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Image-Based Appraisal of Woody Starch Reserves in Grapevine","authors":"Daniel Grigorie Dinu,&nbsp;Vitale Nuzzo,&nbsp;Giulia Gestri,&nbsp;Giuseppe Montanaro,&nbsp;Laura Rustioni","doi":"10.1007/s40003-024-00743-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40003-024-00743-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7553,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Research","volume":"13 4","pages":"851 - 851"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40003-024-00743-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142672659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Bio-based and Synthetic Phosphorus Application on Growth, Yield, and Protein Profile of Two Chickpea Genotypes","authors":"Shno Othman Sofi,&nbsp;Shahen Kamil Talabani,&nbsp;Shokhan Mahmood Sleman,&nbsp;Sanaa Hama Garib Faraj,&nbsp;Hawar Sleman Halshoy","doi":"10.1007/s40003-024-00753-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40003-024-00753-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Chickpeas play an important role in global protein production; However, this crop faces limitations primarily due to low soil phosphorus levels. Various methods are being implemented to address this challenge and improve phosphorus availability. Therefore, this research aimed to apply both bio-based and synthetic phosphorus to enhance its availability in two chickpea genotype crops. Subsequently, this experiment aimed to identify the superior genotype and evaluate the impact of <i>Bacillus megaterium</i> (<i>BM</i>) bacterium inoculation and phosphorus applications on chickpea growth, yield, protein content, and elemental composition. Regarding genotypes, Hazarmerd exhibited superior attributes when compared to Nainawa. Furthermore, <i>BM</i> inoculation positively influenced yield characteristics, including pod number, 100-seed weight, seed yield, biological yield, and harvest index, as well as phosphorus composition. Additionally, applying 40 kg/ha of phosphorus significantly affected pod weight, seed number, protein content, and nitrogen levels. Interestingly, BM exhibited a similar trend in protein content, and nitrogen levels were affected when compared to applying phosphorus at 40 kg/ha. However, 80 kg/ha of phosphorus has a minor effect on many characteristics. Hazarmerd treated with <i>BM</i> inoculum positively influenced various variables. This study provides valuable insights for farmers to adopt a sustainable approach, enhancing the quality and yield of crops in the field through cost-effective conventional methods.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7553,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Research","volume":"14 1","pages":"97 - 108"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143570918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical Characterization of Rare Unifloral Honeys of Ailanthus (Ailanthus altissima), Fennel (Foenicum vulgare), and Raspberry (Rubus idaeus) and their Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activity","authors":"Lara Saftić Martinović,&nbsp;Nada Birkic,&nbsp;Tomislav Pavlešić,&nbsp;Ana Planinić,&nbsp;Ivana Gobin,&nbsp;Dijana Mišetić Ostojić,&nbsp;Sandra Pedisić","doi":"10.1007/s40003-024-00754-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40003-024-00754-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Characterization of unifloral honey is of great importance for the definition of quality standards and the confirmation of the authenticity of honey. In this study, standard physicochemical analyses, pollen analyses, determination of total phenolic and flavonoid content, analysis of antioxidant capacity and antimicrobial activity, and qualitative and quantitative analyses of phenolic compounds by LC–MS/MS method were performed in three rare uniofloral honeys—ailanthus (<i>Ailanthus altissima</i>), fennel (<i>Foeniculum vulgare</i>), and raspberry (<i>Rubus idaeus</i>) honeys. The results showed that each honey type has specific physicochemical properties and phenolic content, which consequently influence its biological activity. All honey samples showed good characteristics, according to the compositional and quality criteria of the standard codex for honey. Generally, the ailanthus honey samples had a higher total phenolic and flavonoid content, while the fennel samples showed greater variability. The ailanthus honey samples also showed higher DPPH antioxidant activity, and the ABTS and ORAC assays revealed no differences between the honey types analysed, with the exception of the raspberry honey. In ailanthus honey, the flavonoids chrysin, quercetin, and the phenolic acid 3,4-DHBA were the most abundant. Several quercetin derivatives, including quercetin-3-glucuronide, quercitrin, and quercetin methyl ether, were detected in the fennel honey. In addition, raspberry honey exhibited a distinct phenolic profile containing catechin, epicatechin, quercetin rhamnoside, sakuranetin, tectochrysin, quercetin dimethyl ether, rhamnetin, caffeic acid benzy ether, and pinobanksin-3-O-pentanoate. The strongest results for antibacterial activity came from ailanthus honey. The increased antimicrobial activity of ailanthus honey was found especially against S. <i>aureus</i> and E. <i>coli</i> and moderately against A. <i>baumannii</i>. This study is the first step towards a thorough characterization of ailanthus, fennel, and raspberry honeys and may contribute to the recognition of these rare honeys and provide a good basis for their use in the pharmaceutical industry.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7553,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Research","volume":"14 1","pages":"130 - 142"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143570920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Hardseededness and Its Seasonal Dynamics Through Scanning Electron Microscopy in Green Gram (Vigna radiata) Genotypes","authors":"Debashis Paul,&nbsp;S. K. Chakrabarty,&nbsp;G. Chawla,&nbsp;Artha Kundu,&nbsp;A. Maity","doi":"10.1007/s40003-024-00751-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40003-024-00751-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hardseededness is attributed by impermeable seed coats which mechanically restricts embryo growth and delays germination even under suitable conditions. The presence of larger proportion of hard seeds delays germination and can reduce crop yield due to uneven growth and stand establishment. The information regarding the seed surface characteristics in regulating the hardseededness in green gram is still insufficient. This study addressed the knowledge gap by examining the seasonal impact on development of hard seed and seed surface characteristics in green gram. In predominantly hardseeded (HS) genotypes, there was a decrease in hard seeds during the summer season compared to <i>Kharif</i> season. Scanning electron microscope analysis revealed that HS genotypes had smoother surfaces, closely packed hilum cells, and closed strophioles, while non-hardseeded (NHS) genotypes had rougher surfaces, opened strophioles, and loosely packed hilum cells. Seeds from HS genotypes in the summer season had characteristics of non-hard seeds like opened strophioles and loosely packed hilum cells, making them permeable to water. Scanning electron microscope features effectively differentiated between HS and NHS genotypes and seeds produced in different seasons. This information may be used for identification of genotypes and seed lots with desirable hard seed percentage through high-throughput image analysis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7553,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Research","volume":"14 1","pages":"70 - 77"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143570919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing Seed Physiological Maturity and Quality in Camelina Through Plant Density Variation: A Nonlinear Regression Approach","authors":"Esmaeil Bakhshandeh,&nbsp;Raoudha Abdellaoui,&nbsp;Fatemeh Hosseini Sanehkoori,&nbsp;Hamidreza Ghorbani,&nbsp;Najmeh Mirzaaghpour","doi":"10.1007/s40003-024-00741-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40003-024-00741-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Investigations into the seed physiological maturity (PM) and achieving optimal seed quality (SQ) across varying plant densities are crucial. This is because harvesting seeds at the right time is critical to assure their viability and vigor. The use of nonlinear regression models could estimate the accurate time of PM and SQ in camelina at all plant densities based on days after flowering (DAF) and/or seed moisture content (SMC). To attain this goal, camelina seeds were sown manually at a 2–3 cm burial depth with four plant densities (150, 600, 1050, and 1500 m⁻² with ± 5% bias) in eight replicates. Seeds were sampled from 10 DAF at regular intervals every 5 or 10 days (depending on the weather conditions) for all plant densities. We examined the changes in fresh weight, dry weight, moisture content, oil content, and electrical conductivity of seeds. We also studied seed germination rate, normal seedling, and dry weight and length of seedlings about the flowering date across different plant densities. Our results were successful in accurately predicting the timing PM and SQ in camelina across all plant densities using DAF and/or SMC (<i>R</i>² ≥ 80) as a basis. Besides, no significant difference among all studied plant densities in terms of the studied traits was detected. These findings enable the fine-tuning of agronomic practices, such as determining the optimal harvest period. They also provide valuable support for developmental studies aiming to establish connections between physiological parameters and genetic or physiological factors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7553,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Research","volume":"13 4","pages":"704 - 717"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141340502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frequency-Dependent Pre-Sowing Magneto-Priming of Anise Seeds Affecting Their Productivity","authors":"Haitham S. Mohammed,&nbsp;Aml Shahin,&nbsp;Alia Amer","doi":"10.1007/s40003-024-00733-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40003-024-00733-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Aiming to increase crop yield, it is crucial to establish a favorable plant stand using seeds that exhibit a high germination ratio and vigor. Various pre-sowing treatments are employed to achieve this objective. One such approach involves subjecting seeds to a low-to-medium level magnetic field. This study investigates the impact of frequency-dependent pre-sowing magneto-priming treatment on anise seed (<i>Pimpinella anisum L</i>) productivity. During the seasons of 2021/2022 and 2022/2023, anise seeds were exposed to DC, 5 Hz, and 10 Hz magnetic field treatments for different durations (20, 40, 60, and 80 min) prior to sowing. The growth parameters of the plants, fruit yield, and essential oil content were evaluated for both the magnetically treated and untreated seeds. The results indicate that the productivity of anise seeds is influenced by the frequency and duration of the magnetic field treatment. Among the different treatments, seeds treated with a 10 Hz frequency for 40 min exhibited the highest vegetative growth parameters, fruit yield, and oil yield compared to the untreated seeds. By adopting this method, there is great potential to improve crop yields and contribute to sustainable agricultural practices.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7553,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Research","volume":"13 4","pages":"692 - 703"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141348551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}