Buzzing for Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica): Exploring Insect Pollinators, Their Behaviour, Single-Visit Efficiency and the Significance of Honey Bees in Yield Enhancement

IF 1.1 Q3 AGRONOMY

Agricultural Research Pub Date : 2024-07-11 DOI:10.1007/s40003-024-00765-z

Sunaullah Bhat, Johnson Stanley, A. R. N. S. Subbanna, Amit Umesh Paschapur, Jaiprakash Gupta, Sandeep Kumar

{"title":"Buzzing for Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica): Exploring Insect Pollinators, Their Behaviour, Single-Visit Efficiency and the Significance of Honey Bees in Yield Enhancement","authors":"Sunaullah Bhat, Johnson Stanley, A. R. N. S. Subbanna, Amit Umesh Paschapur, Jaiprakash Gupta, Sandeep Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s40003-024-00765-z","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>Entomophily plays an important role in optimum seed set of self-incompatible Brassica oleracea var. italica. In the present study, a total of 27 insect species belonging to three orders Hymenoptera (64.88%), Diptera (33.15%) and Lepidoptera (1.97%) visited broccoli flowers, among which the Indian bee (Apis cerana indica) was the dominant pollinator (49.21%). The peak activity of A. c. indica and A. mellifera mellifera was recorded at 13.00 h during all the flowering stages. Pollen foragers of A. c. indica (61.14%) were more frequently observed than nectar foragers (38.86%), whereas A. m. mellifera recruited a higher number of nectar foragers (63.67%). The pollen foragers of A. m. mellifera were swift flyers visiting significantly a higher number of flowers (12.35 flowers/minute) and spending least time per flower (3.32 s/flower). The pollination efficiency of A. c. indica and A. m. mellifera was found to be 0.50 and 0.64, respectively. The foragers of A. c. indica and A. m. mellifera were estimated to pollinate 6838 and 7935 flowers a day and required 2.00 and 1.56 visits per flower for optimum seed set. Yield enhancement studies through entomophily showed that flowers receiving unrestricted visit from pollinators (open control) recorded 286.38% higher yield followed by interaction of two pollinators (A. c. indica + A. m. mellifera) 234.71%, A. m. mellifera (197.43%) and A. c. indica (178.3%) with respect to control close treatment.</div>","PeriodicalId":7553,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Research","volume":"14 2","pages":"308 - 317"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Agricultural Research","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40003-024-00765-z","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"AGRONOMY","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Entomophily plays an important role in optimum seed set of self-incompatible Brassica oleracea var. italica. In the present study, a total of 27 insect species belonging to three orders Hymenoptera (64.88%), Diptera (33.15%) and Lepidoptera (1.97%) visited broccoli flowers, among which the Indian bee (Apis cerana indica) was the dominant pollinator (49.21%). The peak activity of A. c. indica and A. mellifera mellifera was recorded at 13.00 h during all the flowering stages. Pollen foragers of A. c. indica (61.14%) were more frequently observed than nectar foragers (38.86%), whereas A. m. mellifera recruited a higher number of nectar foragers (63.67%). The pollen foragers of A. m. mellifera were swift flyers visiting significantly a higher number of flowers (12.35 flowers/minute) and spending least time per flower (3.32 s/flower). The pollination efficiency of A. c. indica and A. m. mellifera was found to be 0.50 and 0.64, respectively. The foragers of A. c. indica and A. m. mellifera were estimated to pollinate 6838 and 7935 flowers a day and required 2.00 and 1.56 visits per flower for optimum seed set. Yield enhancement studies through entomophily showed that flowers receiving unrestricted visit from pollinators (open control) recorded 286.38% higher yield followed by interaction of two pollinators (A. c. indica + A. m. mellifera) 234.71%, A. m. mellifera (197.43%) and A. c. indica (178.3%) with respect to control close treatment.

Abstract Image

查看原文本刊更多论文

嗡嗡叫的西兰花（Brassica oleracea var：）探索昆虫授粉者、其行为、单次访问效率以及蜜蜂在增产中的意义

昆虫学在自交不亲和甘蓝的最佳结实率中起着重要作用。研究结果表明，有膜翅目（64.88%）、双翅目（33.15%）和鳞翅目（1.97%）3目27种昆虫访花，其中印度蜜蜂（Apis cerana indica）为优势传粉昆虫（49.21%）。在所有花期，籼稻和蜜蜂的活动高峰均在13.00 h。花粉采集者（61.14%）多于花蜜采集者（38.86%），而蜜蜂采集者（63.67%）多于花蜜采集者。蜜蜂的采花粉者是快速的飞者，花的时间最少（3.32 s/min），花的数量最多（12.35 s/min）。籼稻和蜜蜂的传粉效率分别为0.50和0.64。结果表明，采食者平均每天授粉6838朵和7935朵花，每朵花需要2.00次和1.56次才能达到最佳结实率。通过昆虫学的增产研究表明，受传粉者无限制访问（开放对照）的花产量提高286.38%，其次是两种传粉者（籼稻和籼稻）的互作。与对照密切处理相比，蜜蜂蠓（234.71%）、蜜蜂蠓（197.43%）和印度蠓（178.3%）的差异显著。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Agricultural Research AGRONOMY-

CiteScore

3.80

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： The main objective of this initiative is to promote agricultural research and development. The journal will publish high quality original research papers and critical reviews on emerging fields and concepts for providing future directions. The publications will include both applied and basic research covering the following disciplines of agricultural sciences: Genetic resources, genetics and breeding, biotechnology, physiology, biochemistry, management of biotic and abiotic stresses, and nutrition of field crops, horticultural crops, livestock and fishes; agricultural meteorology, environmental sciences, forestry and agro forestry, agronomy, soils and soil management, microbiology, water management, agricultural engineering and technology, agricultural policy, agricultural economics, food nutrition, agricultural statistics, and extension research; impact of climate change and the emerging technologies on agriculture, and the role of agricultural research and innovation for development.