Archives d'anatomie et de cytologie pathologiques最新文献_第7页

Early HIV-1 infection of the central nervous system. 早期HIV-1感染的中枢神经系统。

Archives d'anatomie et de cytologie pathologiques Pub Date : 1997-01-01

S F An, F Scaravilli

{"title":"Early HIV-1 infection of the central nervous system.","authors":"S F An, F Scaravilli","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"There is a consensus of opinion that central nervous system (CNS) involvement takes place in a large proportion of patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). However, uncertainty still remains about how often and how early the CNS is infected during the early asymptomatic stage as some researchers still believe that low copy of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) identified in the brains using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) represents HIV harboured in the infected cells trapped in cerebral blood vessels. In this review, the neurological abnormalities in HIV-1 positive pre-AIDS individuals are discussed from three points of view: neuropsychiatric and neurophysiological, involvement of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and brain pathology. In particular, our investigations of the brains of asymptomatic individuals have demonstrated that HIV-1 DNA was present in about half (17/36) of brains studied (copy numbers of HIV-1 DNA were detected and the possibility of contamination from the blood was calculated and excluded). Astro- (34/36) and micro- (31/36) gliosis and meningitis (11/36) were found. Immune activation, revealed by elevated expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II antigens, was previously demonstrated in the brains of patients with AIDS and was also present before the development of AIDS. Furthermore, demonstration of highly expressed cytokines (tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1, 4, 6) possibly explains the neuropathological changes and neuronal damage (confirmed by the demonstration of apoptotic neurons by in situ end labelling) seen in these brains. We conclude that HIV-1 is present in the brains of HIV-1 infected individuals at early stages of the infection and that HIV-1 induces brain damage in a direct as well as indirect way. This is a worrying conclusion which makes it mandatory to reconsider the time at which treatment must be applied in HIV-1 infection.","PeriodicalId":75531,"journal":{"name":"Archives d'anatomie et de cytologie pathologiques","volume":"45 2-3","pages":"94-105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20310733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Ultrastructure of the kidney in paraquat-poisoned rats. Comparative study with literature data on man and animal]. [百草枯中毒大鼠肾脏超微结构。][人和动物文献资料的比较研究]。

Archives d'anatomie et de cytologie pathologiques Pub Date : 1997-01-01

A Ben Rejeb, M Maillet, J Bescol-Liversaac, C Guillam-Megnin

{"title":"[Ultrastructure of the kidney in paraquat-poisoned rats. Comparative study with literature data on man and animal].","authors":"A Ben Rejeb, M Maillet, J Bescol-Liversaac, C Guillam-Megnin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"This study was designed to assess the effect of paraquat on the rat kidney. The experimental animals used were Wistar rats, a strain selected and maintained at the Institut d'hygiène alimentaire. Their diet was well defined and their state of health monitored. Female animals with mean weight of 200 g were used in this study. Doses of 20, 30 and 50 mg/kg were administered via the gastrointestinal route. In this experimentation, performed on 12 rats plus 3 controls, the dose considered to be sublethal was 30 mg/kg administered by gavage. These animals were sacrificed after 24 h, 48 h, 4, 8, 15, 30 and 60 day, selecting those animals with the most severely altered state, at each time. Tubular lesions started to appear by the 24th hour; the proximal tubule was the most sensitive. Lesions of the distal tubule were observed slightly later, from the 48th hour. Lesions became more intense from the 4th day onwards and reached a maximum on the 8th day. The first signs of repair of the proximal tubule and distal tubule were observed on the 15th day, but were less marked for the proximal tubule. This repair was slow and progressive. Persistent lesions of the proximal or distal tubules were still observed after two months. The glomeruli presented several alterations, which were always only moderate. Overall, paraquat induces serious life-threatening lesions of acute tubular necrosis in the absence of adequate intensive care.","PeriodicalId":75531,"journal":{"name":"Archives d'anatomie et de cytologie pathologiques","volume":"45 4","pages":"199-207"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20334891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Anatomo-clinical criteria of cutaneous melanoma with spontaneous and complete regression. Apropos of a case]. 皮肤黑色素瘤自发完全消退的解剖-临床标准。关于一个案例]。

Archives d'anatomie et de cytologie pathologiques Pub Date : 1997-01-01

P Saint-Blancard, J B Nottet, G Lanternier, T Le Guyadec, J F Gouteyron, R Le Vagueresse

引用次数: 0

[Nervous system lymphoma in HIV infection]. HIV感染中的神经系统淋巴瘤。

Archives d'anatomie et de cytologie pathologiques Pub Date : 1997-01-01

J Mikol, M Polivka, A Gyuris, J Minarovits, F Morinet

引用次数: 0

[Physiopathology of with HIV-1-related cerebral involvement]. [hiv -1相关大脑受累的生理病理]。

Archives d'anatomie et de cytologie pathologiques Pub Date : 1997-01-01

M Tardieu