AIDS research and human retroviruses最新文献

{"title":"Comparison of Plasma, Dried Blood Spots, and Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells as Biosamples for HIV-1 Genotypic Drug Resistance in a Tertiary Care Center.","authors":"Priyanka Sabu, Diviya Alex, Veena Vadhini Ramalingam, John Paul Demosthenes, Gnanadurai John Fletcher, Priya Abraham, Rajesh Kannangai","doi":"10.1177/08892229251405793","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08892229251405793","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The collection, storage, and transport of plasma, the ideal specimen for HIV-1 genotyping, is plagued by technical difficulties in resource-limited settings. We aimed to compare corresponding bio-samples for HIV-1 genotypic drug resistance testing. A total of 87 matched specimens of plasma, dried blood spots (DBS), and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) collected from 29 persons living with HIV (PLWH) in clinical, immunological, and/or virological failure were included. Drug resistance genotyping was done by nested PCR amplification and Sanger sequencing of the HIV-1 <i>pol</i> gene. The clinical reporting was based on the Stanford University HIV Drug Resistance Database. Amplification and genotyping success rates from the three sample types were compared. The level of agreement between the sample types was assessed using Cohen's kappa coefficient. In total, 89.7% (<i>n</i> = 26) of samples were amplified in plasma, 69% (<i>n</i> = 20) in DBS, and 100% (<i>n</i> = 29) in PBMC. In samples with plasma viral load >1,000 copies/mL, 96.2% were amplified in plasma, 73.1% in DBS, and 100% in PBMCs. The median number of mutations detected in plasma, DBS, and PBMCs was 6.5 (interquartile range [IQR]: 2-8.25), 5 (IQR: 0-6), and 5 (IQR: 2-7), respectively. The difference in the number of mutations across the three sample types was not statistically significant (<i>p</i> = 0.221). The agreement between the sample types was calculated based on susceptibility and resistance to different antivirals. The kappa values for nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors ranged from 0.70 to 0.88 and 0.75 to 0.87, respectively. Six samples showed discordance in HIV-1 drug resistance profiles when compared across the three compartments. DBS is a promising alternative to plasma for HIV-1 genotypic testing in resource-limited settings owing to the ease of sampling, storage, transportation, human resource efficiency, and cost-effectiveness. However, no single specimen type can satisfy all requirements and purposes. Selecting an appropriate specimen for a setting requires careful consideration of the practical constraints, logistical capacity, and application needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":"67-76"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145853021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide in Pregnant Women Infected with HIV-1: Real-Life Use.","authors":"Antoine Bachelard, Zélie Julia, Florence Damond, Tiphaine Barral, Victoire Pauphilet, Malika Nabil, Lahcene Allal, Yara Wakim, Sylvie Lariven, Aurélie Sinna, Valentine-Marie Ferré, Gilles Peytavin, Jade Ghosn","doi":"10.1177/08892229251398861","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08892229251398861","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir alafenamide (BIC/FTC/TAF) is a convenient, well-tolerated, once-daily, and single-tablet regimen. There are few data on its use during pregnancy. The primary objective was to evaluate the efficacy of BIC/FTC/TAF at delivery, defined as a plasma viral load <50 cp/mL. We conducted a retroprospective, single-center study including pregnant women living with HIV-1 who were on BIC/FTC/TAF. From January 2020 to January 2023, 12 women living with HIV-1 received BIC/FTC/TAF during pregnancy and at delivery. Two were receiving BIC/FTC/TAF at conception and remained on the same combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) throughout the pregnancy, and 10 received BIC/FTC/TAF at least during the third trimester and at delivery. Ten had a plasma viral load <50 cp/mL at delivery. The two who were not suppressed at delivery reported nonadherence to BIC/FTC/TAF, which was not related to treatment side effects. Reported tolerance was good. BIC/FTC/TAF might be a good option during pregnancy and particularly to simplify previous cART but it is necessary to counsel patients to ensure good adherence to this one.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":"45-49"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145562236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Potential Associations Between HIV Acquisition and Biological Aging: Insights from a Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study.","authors":"Haili Wang, Hong Fan, Chengnan Guo, Xin Zhang, Shuzhen Zhao, Yi Li, Tianye Wang, Zhenqiu Liu, Tiejun Zhang","doi":"10.1177/08892229251399094","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08892229251399094","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Accumulating evidence indicates that HIV acquisition may be associated with premature aging. However, the causal relationship and the direction of the effect between HIV acquisition and aging remain controversial. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the causal associations between HIV acquisition and biological aging. Summary data for biological aging proxy and HIV acquisition were collected from the most updated and available genome-wide association studies. Biological aging proxied by telomere length (TL) and four epigenetic clocks, including intrinsic epigenetic age acceleration, GrimAge acceleration, HannumAge acceleration, and PhenoAge acceleration. Four Mendelian randomization (MR) methods, including inverse-variance weighted (IVW), weighted median, MR-Egger, and weighted mode, were used to assess causal associations. Multiple sensitivity analyses, including heterogeneity analysis, leave-one-out sensitivity analysis, and horizontal pleiotropy analysis, were further performed to verify the robustness of our findings. The IVW MR results indicated that genetically predicted HIV acquisition was not significantly associated with biological aging (all <i>p</i> > .05). Similarly, the reverse-direction MR also did not identify potentially causal effects of biological aging on HIV acquisition (all <i>p</i> > .05). This study found no obvious evidence of the causal relationship between HIV acquisition and biological aging. More studies are needed to future unravel the potential causal relationship and the exact mechanism.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":"50-57"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145666470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frequency of CCR5-Δ32, CCR2-64I, and SDF1-3'A Mutations in People with HIV Diagnoses and HIV Negative Participant in Khuzestan Province, Iran.","authors":"Mina Bavi, Shahram Jalilian, Mehdi Bijanzadeh, Roohangiz Nashibi, Azarakhsh Azaran","doi":"10.1177/08892229251405792","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08892229251405792","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) binds to CD4 receptors. Chemokine receptors such as C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5), C-C chemokine receptor type 2 (CCR2), and stromal-derived factor (SDF1) are involved in HIV cell entry, and mutations in the genes encoding these chemokine receptors and their ligands may play a role against HIV and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) progression. This study aims to investigate the frequency of the above polymorphisms within the Iranian population, evaluating their contribution to a protective genetic background against HIV acquisition and progression. Two hundred eighty-five healthy individuals and 100 people with HIV were selected. CCR5 genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). CCR2 and SDF-1 polymorphism were analyzed by tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain (Tetra-ARMS-PCR). No CCR5-Δ32 mutants were found in either group. The screening for the CCR2 polymorphism yielded 44 (44%) and 127 (44.6%) heterozygous genotypes in the people with HIV and healthy individuals. Homozygous mutants were seen in 1 (1%) and 28 (9.8%) of the people living with HIV and healthy individuals, respectively, revealing a CCR2-64I allele frequency of 29.7%. CCR2-64I is associated with HIV resistance and reduced AIDS progression (<i>p-</i>value = .018). Among our 385 analyzed samples, 2 (2%) and 12 (4.2%) were found to be SDF1 heterozygous in persons with HIV and healthy individuals, respectively. Three (3%) of the people with HIV and 25 (8.8%) of the healthy individuals carried homozygous mutant variants. The allele frequency of the above polymorphism reached 9.1%, but no statistically significant association was observed, albeit it is borderline (<i>p-</i>value = .062). There are different distributions between people with HIV and healthy individuals, suggesting that CCR2-64I and SDF1-3'A may have a protective effect on HIV and that CCR2-64I (genotype I/I) has an effect on protecting against HIV and delaying progression from HIV status to AIDS. It could be used for prognostic genotyping in people with HIV.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":"58-66"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145853138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of a Novel HIV-1 Circulating Recombinant Form (CRF184_BC) Among Heterosexual Populations Along the China-Myanmar Border Region.","authors":"Min Chen, Huichao Chen, Yanling Ma, Manhong Jia, Wenfei Ding","doi":"10.1177/08892229251410288","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08892229251410288","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The China-Myanmar border region is recognized as a hotspot for the emergence of HIV-1 recombinant forms. This study identified a novel HIV-1 circulating recombinant form (CRF) in this area, designated CRF184_BC. Near-full-length genome sequences were obtained from four individuals infected through heterosexual contact: one Chinese individual and three Burmese individuals. These sequences formed a distinct monophyletic clade with strong bootstrap support, separate from all known subtypes/CRFs. Recombination analysis revealed a conserved mosaic structure comprising four subtype C segments and three subtype B segments: I_C (790-2897), II_B (2898-3208), III_C (3209-5983), IV_B (5984-6435), V_C (6436-8821), VI_B (8822-8969), and VII_C (8970-9468). Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo analysis indicated that CRF184_BC emerged between the mid-2000s and the early 2010s. Identifying emerging CRFs highlights the ongoing dynamic evolution of HIV-1 in this region and emphasizes the need for enhanced molecular surveillance to inform effective public health strategies and vaccine development efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":"77-81"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145853062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Late HIV Diagnosis in Thrace, Turkey: A Six-Year Experience from a Border Region.","authors":"Merve Aytekin, Habibe Tülin Elmaslar Mert","doi":"10.1177/08892229251388414","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08892229251388414","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection still continues to be a globally important public health problem. While early diagnosis facilitates the control of the disease, late diagnosis can affect treatment success and prognosis adversely. This retrospective study evaluated the clinical and demographic characteristics of 127 treatment-naive people living with HIV who were older than 18 years of age and who were followed between 2017 and 2023 in a center in Thrace, a transitional region between Europe and Turkey, and the effects of early and late diagnosis on the course of disease were examined. It was found that 89% of the patients were male, and median age was 30 years. Of the patients, 52% had been diagnosed late, and this group was found to be older. The rate of advanced HIV disease was 28.3%. The rates of additional chronic disease (42.4%), opportunistic infection, and diagnosis with clinical symptoms were higher in the late diagnosis group. CD4 T lymphocyte levels were lower, and viral load was found to be higher in this group. At the sixth month of treatment, the rate of virologic response was found to be better in the early diagnosis group. In the late diagnosis group, immunological response was also limited, and hospitalization (40.9%), need for intensive care (12.1%), and mortality (4.5%) rates were higher in this group. These findings demonstrate the prevalence of late diagnosis in the Thrace region and its significant effects on the clinical course of HIV infection. They also emphasize the importance of targeted screening and early diagnosis strategies in border regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145298028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of an Emerging HIV-1B/C Circulating Recombinant Form (CRF176_BC) in Heterosexual Populations in Yunnan Province, China.","authors":"Min Chen, Yanling Ma, Huichao Chen, Manhong Jia, Wenfei Ding","doi":"10.1177/08892229251382841","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08892229251382841","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The current HIV-1 epidemic in China is characterized by the co-circulation of multiple subtypes and recombinant forms. A novel circulating recombinant form of HIV-1 (CRF176_BC) has been identified in Yunnan Province, China. Near-full-length genome sequences were obtained from four individuals who identified as heterosexual and were epidemiologically unlinked. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that these sequences formed a distinct monophyletic cluster from known subtypes and CRFs. Bootscanning analyses revealed a subtype C backbone with two subtype B insertions. Bayesian evolutionary dating estimated that the four genomes shared a common ancestor between 2014 and 2016, which was not far from the present. Unlike earlier CRF_BCs, which were associated with injecting drug use in the 1990s, the emergence of CRF176_BC indicates a shift toward sexual transmission. This finding emphasizes the continuous evolution of HIV-1 in Yunnan, driven by co-circulating lineages and evolving transmission dynamics. It also highlights the importance of targeted surveillance in informing public health strategies in the context of evolving epidemics.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":"33-37"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145172220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First Identification of a Novel HIV-1 CRF80_0107/B Recombinant Form Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Hebei Province, China.","authors":"Zhen Zhang, Jingwei Sun, Huijuan Yang, Haoxi Shi, Sisi Chen, Jianru Jia, Weiguang Fan","doi":"10.1177/08892229251378021","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08892229251378021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The emergence of CRF80_0107 resulted from recombination between co-circulating CRF01_AE and CRF07_BC genotypes. To date, no secondary recombinants involving CRF80_0107 as a parental strain have been documented in public sequence databases. Here, we report the identification and characterization of a novel HIV-1 CRF80_0107/B recombinant form isolated from a treatment-naïve men who have sex with men (MSM) individual in Baoding City, Hebei Province, China. While phylogenetic analysis of the near-full-length genome revealed clustering with the CRF80_0107 lineage, Bootscan and similarity-mapping analyses (RIP 3.0) identified a recombinant structure containing inserted B subtype fragments spanning the <i>env</i>, <i>nef</i>, and 3'LTR regions (HXB2: 7,907-9,342 nt). This represents the first documented CRF80_0107/B strain in the MSM population of northern China, highlighting the need for expanded molecular surveillance to track evolving HIV-1 diversity in this key population.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":"38-43"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145022647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HTLV-1 Secreted Proteins Induce Axonal Degeneration Through Kinase and Phosphatase Activity Dysregulation.","authors":"Sebastian Quintremil, María Antonieta Valenzuela, Matías Rivera, María Elsa Pando, Javiera Reyes, Cristian Vásquez, Eugenio Ramírez, Elías Utreras, Javier Puente","doi":"10.1177/08892229251394667","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08892229251394667","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>HTLV-1-Associated Myelopathy/Tropical Spastic Paraparesis (HAM/TSP) pathology has been associated with Tax protein secreted from HTLV-1 infected CD4⁺-T-lymphocytes, which interacts with soluble SEMA-4D (Semaphorin 4D) inducing growth cone collapse in neurons. We investigated HTLV-1-induced phenotypic and signaling changes during PC12 neuronal differentiation that may mediate growth cone collapse effects. We measured kinases and phosphatases associated with microtubule-associated proteins and molecular motor functions. Phosphorylation status of proteins that participate in the cytoskeleton and axonal transport such as Tau, microtubule-associated protein 1B (MAP1B), motor proteins (kinesin-1 and dynein) and collapsin response mediator protein (CRMP-2), all involved in neurite extension and branching, were measured. The phosphorylation/dephosphorylation of these proteins is catalyzed by Cyclin-dependent kinase-5 (CDK5), Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β), and Protein phosphatase-2 (PP2A). Our results show that viral secreted proteins produced a reduction of neurite extension and branching in PC12 cells during neuronal differentiation. We observed that GSK3β activity increased, while CDK5 and PP2A activities decreased. In addition, we found reduced levels of Tau phosphorylated at Thr¹⁸¹ and increased levels of CRMP-2 phosphorylated at Ser⁵²². No changes in motor proteins or MAP1B phosphorylation were found. Neurotoxic effects of HTLV-1 secreted proteins on neuronal differentiation of PC12 cells include lower CDK5 activity, which could explain the reduced levels of Tau-(pThr¹⁸¹); this could induce conformational changes in Tau protein, altering microtubule dynamics. Increased CRMP-2-(pSer⁵²²) phosphorylation precedes further phosphorylation at Thr⁵⁰⁹/⁵¹⁴ residues by GSK3β. All these phosphorylations are associated with growth cone collapse. The increased CRMP-2-(pSer⁵²²) levels found here suggest that CDK5 activity, even when decreased, is sufficient for this priming phosphorylation. Reduction in PP2A activity could importantly contribute to maintaining the increased phosphorylation in CRMP-2. These results suggest the involvement of extracellular Tax/sSEMA-4D complex in the activation of Plexin1B receptor, activating downstream cascade involving PI3K/AKT/GSK3β/CRMP-2, inducing growth cone collapse.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":"20-32"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145538661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of Short Message Service Reminders on Timely Pick-up of Antiretroviral Therapy Among Consenting Persons with HIV in Zambézia Province, Mozambique.","authors":"Erin Graves, Caroline De Schacht, Wu Gong, Sara Van Rompaey, Maria F S Alvim, Gaël Claquin, Bryan E Shepherd, Ann F Green, José A Tique, Eurico José, Hélio Machabane, Eusébio Maposse, Magdalena Bravo, Anibal N Fernando, C William Wester","doi":"10.1177/08892229251388415","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08892229251388415","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A short message service (SMS) intervention was implemented in July 2016 at eight health facilities (HFs) within Zambézia Province, Mozambique. We assessed effectiveness by comparing antiretroviral therapy (ART) pick-up rates among persons with HIV (PWH) eligible for SMS reminders. All adult (≥15 years of age) PWH enrolled in ART services reporting cell phone access were offered SMS. PWH were sent messages 15, 7, and 2 days before scheduled ART pick-up appointments. Using routine data (July 2016-May 2018), mixed-effect logistic regression was used to determine adjusted odds ratios (aORs) of ART pick-up within 2, 6, and 59 days of scheduled appointments, adjusting for age, sex, adherence support group status, partner status, pregnancy, education, occupation, years on ART, HF, pick-up day, and year-week. Data were available for 18,941 scheduled ART pick-up clinic visits for 3,222 PWH (52% female) reporting cell phone access. Overall, 47% of men and 46% of women consented to receive SMS. PWH sent reminders had higher pick-up rates within 2 days of scheduled appointments compared with those not sent reminders (54% vs. 51%). Men sent reminders were more likely to pick-up within 2 days of scheduled appointments than men not sent reminders [aOR = 1.22 (1.09-1.37)]. No association was seen within 6 or 59 days of scheduled appointments [aOR = 1.09 (0.95-1.25), 0.90 (0.74-1.10)]. Women sent reminders had similar pick-up rates compared with women not sent reminders [aOR = 0.94 (0.85-1.05), 0.90 (0.79-1.03), 0.89 (0.72-1.10)]. In Zambézia Province, SMS reminders were associated with timely short-term ART pick-up rates among men, although this association attenuated with increased time from scheduled appointment. Study limitations included its observational (nonrandomized) nature and restricting analyses to individuals reporting phone access. SMS reminders may be an important approach for addressing the well-documented need for medication adherence support for males. Additional context-specific strategies are needed to ensure timely ART pick-up and improve retention.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":"10-19"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12626137/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145407793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}