AIDS research and human retroviruses最新文献

{"title":"First Characterization of HTLV-1 Complete Genomes from Asymptomatic and Symptomatic Argentinean Patients.","authors":"María Verónica Pineda, Paola Miyazato, Maximiliano Distefano, Benjy Tan Jek Yang, Marcelo Golemba, María Belén Bouzas, Yorifumi Satou, Andrea Mangano","doi":"10.1089/aid.2024.0068","DOIUrl":"10.1089/aid.2024.0068","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>HTLV-1 is the etiologic agent of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL/ATLL) and is related to HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). The factors that influence the development of the disease remain unknown. The majority of patients with HTLV-1 infection remain asymptomatic throughout their lives, while 2.5%-5% developed ATLL and 0.3%-2% HAM/TSP. About 10 to 20 million people worldwide are infected with HTLV-1. In Argentina, HTLV-1 infection has been documented particularly in the northeast provinces neighboring Bolivia and Paraguay. This study aims to analyze the nine complete genomes of HTLV-1 from asymptomatic and symptomatic patients using next-generation sequencing. Mutation analysis and identification of viral integration sites were performed. Mutation analysis revealed distinct mutation patterns, identifying clusters associated with patients with HAM/TSP and lymphoma. Multiple integration sites across different chromosomes were found, suggesting random integration without specific hotspots. A defective provirus was identified in a patient with lymphoma, potentially impacting immune evasion and clonal expansion. Complete HTLV-1 genome sequences from circulating strains in Argentina were obtained for the first time. This contributes to the knowledge of the genetic variability of the virus and its integration sites in the human genome and reveals that the nature of the HTLV-1 provirus in natural infection is complex.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":"292-300"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143655996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of INSTI on a Drug-Resistant Mutation (S68S Insertion) in a Patient Infected with HIV-1 CRF06_cpx.","authors":"Young-Keol Cho, Jinny Lee","doi":"10.1089/aid.2024.0107","DOIUrl":"10.1089/aid.2024.0107","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previously, we reported a T69S insertion in the circulating recombinant form 06_cpx in a patient infected with HIV-1 during the perinatal period. Through this study, we found that the T69S insertion in our previous report was actually an S68S insertion. The patient was treated with zidovudine and didanosine, followed by combination antiretroviral therapy. The introduction of Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) completely suppressed plasma viral RNA to <20 copies/mL and reverted the S68S insertion to wild-type; there was no evidence of an S68S insertion for 3 years. Here, we report the impact of integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI) treatment on drug resistance mutations (DRMs) over a further 10 years. The S68S insertion disappeared after 3 months of INSTI therapy, and the number of DRMs decreased. There were no major DRMs to INSTI in either the patient or her parents. These data highlight the utility of combination therapy with INSTI and KRG.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":"301-304"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143121836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sequence Notes: Characterization of the Near-Full-Length Genome of Two Novel Unique Recombinant Genome (CRF01_AE/CRF79_0107, CRF01_AE/CRF07_BC) in Hebei, China.","authors":"Kuiling Shen, Yuxin Feng, Changdong Wang, Jingwan Han, Yongjian Liu, Lei Jia, Bohan Zhang, Xiaolin Wang, Jingyun Li, Ziwei Liu, Erhei Dai, Hanping Li, Lin Li, Huimin Yan","doi":"10.1089/aid.2024.0127","DOIUrl":"10.1089/aid.2024.0127","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The global fight against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is complicated by its extensive genetic diversity, which arises from high mutation rates, rapid replication, and frequent recombination events. These factors lead to the emergence of numerous recombinant forms of HIV-1, contributing to the virus's adaptability and complicating prevention and treatment efforts. In this study, we identified two novel, unique recombinant forms (URFs) of HIV-1, CRF01_AE/CRF79_0107 and CRF01_AE/CRF07_BC, through near full-length genome sequence analysis. These URFs were detected in two individuals within the student men who have sex with men (MSM) population of Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China. Both utilized CRF01_AE as the underlying template, and PQ585802 represents a second-generation recombinant form comprising CRF01_AE and CRF79_0107. It is a novel recombinant form that was initially identified. PQ585803 represents a second-generation recombinant form, composed of CRF01_AE and CRF07_BC, and exhibits distinctive characteristics when compared to previously identified recombinant forms. This study underscores the urgent need for targeted public health measures focusing on high-risk populations, such as MSM and students, to curb the spread of HIV-1. Tailored education, enhanced access to prevention services, and strategies addressing risky behaviors are critical in reducing HIV-1 prevalence and mitigating the challenges posed by recombinant forms.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":"317-321"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143958327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond 2010: Gaps, Challenges, and Priorities for the Future of Preclinical HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis (PrEP): Summary of the October 20-21, 2009 Workshop.","authors":"Fulvia Veronese, Jim A Turpin, Cindra Feuer","doi":"10.1089/aid.2010.0136","DOIUrl":"10.1089/aid.2010.0136","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A workshop entitled <i>Beyond 2010: Gaps, Challenges, and Priorities for the Future of Preclinical HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP)</i> was sponsored by the Division of AIDS (DAIDS) of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), on October 20-21, 2009, in Bethesda, Maryland. The objective of the workshop was to identify the main gaps in current knowledge, challenges, and priorities for the establishment of a PrEP preclinical pipeline and to also provide guidance for future directions of the field and DAIDS activities in this area. This 2-day workshop, through various presentations and breakout group discussions, specifically addressed four main topics that will be critical in identifying and advancing the next generation of PrEP candidates for clinical testing. The topics were (1) drug discovery, (2) pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD), (3) animal models, and (4) delivery systems for prolonged activity. We report here a summary of the presentations and highlights of salient discussion topics from this workshop.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40080269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Dynamic Viral Rebound and Longitudinal Measures of Viral Load/CD4 Counts Among People with HIV in South Carolina.","authors":"Yunqing Ma, Jiajia Zhang, Jiayang Xiao, Xueying Yang, Sharon Weissman, Xiaoming Li, Bankole Olatosi","doi":"10.1089/aid.2024.0035","DOIUrl":"10.1089/aid.2024.0035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Monitoring HIV viral rebound (VR) is crucial, as it indicates an increased risk of infection, transmission, disease progression, and drug resistance. This study aims to identify the association between dynamic VR and historical viral load (VL)/CD4 count measures. Fifteen-year South Carolina population-based electronic health record data were used for the study. VR was defined as the return of detectable levels of VL (>200 copies/mL) after stable viral suppression (VS) (two consecutive VS, i.e., VL ≤200 copies/mL). A generalized linear mixed model was used to evaluate the association between dynamic VR and historical time-dependent predictors, such as nadir CD4 count and comorbidities, within a year prior to each VR. Subgroup analysis for men who have sex with men (MSM) was also conducted. Among 8,185 people with HIV (PWH), 1,173 (14.3%) had a history of VR. Lower nadir CD4 count (≥500 vs. <200 cells/µL; adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 0.51, 95% confidence interval [CI]: [0.43, 0.60]), younger age (>60 years old vs. 18-30 years old; aOR: 0.43, 95% CI: [0.29, 0.63]), and being Black (Black vs. White; aOR: 1.58, 95% CI: [1.34, 1.85]) were associated with a higher risk of VR, while MSM (MSM vs. heterosexual; aOR: 0.81, 95% CI: [0.67, 0.96]) were associated with decreased VR risk. The rate of VR among PWH in South Carolina is significant. Within-1-year VL/CD4 test is critical for identifying PWH at risk for VR. Tailored interventions are needed for PWH at risk for VR to achieve sustained suppression and better health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":"253-262"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142833317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Benefit of a Conservative Treatment for High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Lesions in Patients with HIV.","authors":"Jesús Joaquín Hijona Elósegui, Antonio Luis Carballo García, Ana Cristina Fernández Rísquez, Jesús Carlos Presa Lorite, Gabriel Fiol Ruiz","doi":"10.1089/aid.2024.0067","DOIUrl":"10.1089/aid.2024.0067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) shows a higher risk of infection by human papillomavirus (HPV). We aim to provide evidence about the effect of a <i>Coriolus versicolor</i>-based vaginal gel (Papilocare®) for treating HPV in women with HIV. Women ≥25 years coinfected by endocervical HPV and with low-grade abnormal cervicovaginal cytology were treated for 6 months with Papilocare in this observational, prospective, noncontrolled pilot study. Cytology, colposcopy, biopsy, hybrid capture test, and 5-point Likert scale were assessed to evaluate cervical lesions repair, HPV clearance, and changes in cervical reepithelization, respectively, at 6 months. Fifteen patients (25-54 years) were included. Overall HPV clearance and cytological normalization rates were 73.3% and 80.0%, respectively, and 55.6% of the abnormal colposcopies were normalized. Reepithelialization index improved in 66.7% of cases. Papilocare may be effective for managing endocervical HPV infection in patients living with HIV.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":"233-240"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142942479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acceptability of a Smartphone-Based Music Intervention for Chronic Pain and Problematic Opioid Use Among People with HIV: A Mixed-Methods Pilot Study.","authors":"Georgia R Goodman, Demario S Overstreet, Jenna M Wilson, Conall O'Cleirigh, Edward W Boyer, Samantha M Meints, S Wade Taylor, Kenneth H Mayer, Kristin L Schreiber, Peter R Chai","doi":"10.1089/aid.2024.0072","DOIUrl":"10.1089/aid.2024.0072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic pain can be complicated by problematic opioid use, which may decrease engagement in care and HIV medication adherence. Pain-related anxiety and catastrophic thinking augment pain severity and interference while driving increased substance use. The acceptability and effect of a music-based smartphone application on negative affect and catastrophic thinking were evaluated in a mixed-methods study among persons living with HIV (PWH) with problematic opioid use and chronic pain. Participants (<i>N</i> = 16) completed a 10-min music listening session, quantitative assessment<i>,</i> and qualitative interview. Paired sample <i>t</i>-tests compared pre- and post-test scores of negative affect (Profile of Mood States-Short Form) and pain catastrophizing (Situational Pain Catastrophizing Scale) before and after music. Qualitative data were analyzed using within-case, across-case analysis. Negative affect significantly decreased after the music listening session (pre 8.3 ± 6.7 vs. post 1.8 ± 2.6; <i>p</i> = .0003), as did pain catastrophizing (pre 8.5 ± 4.3 vs. post 2.5 ± 3.4; <i>p</i> < .0001). Qualitatively, participants (<i>n</i> = 14) viewed the app-based music listening session as acceptable and potentially useful as an intervention or adjuvant for pain management and reduction of opioid use. Overall, a brief exposure to a novel music app produced significant improvements in negative affect and pain-related catastrophic thoughts among PWH with problematic opioid use and chronic pain. Future work should further explore the effects of music on pain and the use of illicit substances more broadly in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":"263-273"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12139704/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142875915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lessons Learned in Eliciting Systematic Participant Perspectives in a Combination HIV Cure Research Trial.","authors":"Karine Dubé, Hursch Patel, Steven Meanley, Lynda Dee, Anastasia Korolkova, Fang Wan, Shadi Eskaf, Meghann Williams, Rebecca Hoh, Steven G Deeks, Michael J Peluso, Jeremy Sugarman, John A Sauceda","doi":"10.1089/aid.2024.0086","DOIUrl":"10.1089/aid.2024.0086","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Current trials toward an HIV cure involve combination strategies aimed at achieving durable antiretroviral treatment (ART)-free viral control or HIV elimination, many relying on analytical treatment interruptions (ATIs) to evaluate efficacy. Given the physical, psychosocial, and interpersonal risks associated with ATIs, it is critical to monitor participants' experiences so that support can be provided when needed. While qualitative approaches have been used in similar settings, we designed and implemented a series of short, closed-ended participant surveys in the University of California, San Francisco-amfAR trial, a single-arm multi-intervention HIV cure-related trial with an extended ATI. Surveys were administered at relevant trial timepoints to capture participants' (<i>n</i> = 10) perspectives and experiences. These included their understanding of the trial, motivations, expectations, perceived risks, benefits, and burdens of trial participation, as well as their perspectives on restarting ART and partner protections. We describe these data using descriptive statistics and summarize lessons learned from implementing quantitative surveys in this complex trial. Our data indicate that all respondents understood the scientific goals and requirements of participating in the trial. Most were motivated to help advance research but many expressed anxiety about participating. During the trial, respondents had limited side effects, discomfort, and trial burnout. Those who completed surveys at ART restart reported mixed (positive and negative) feelings and challenges (e.g., missed doses) when restarting ART. Participants offered various methods for partner protection during ATIs and at ART restart. Many respondents expressed future willingness to participate in a similar HIV cure trial. While the number of respondents was small, these findings are consistent with concerns identified in guidance regarding these types of trials as well as qualitative findings from earlier studies. Moreover, we demonstrated that it is feasible to implement quantitative evaluations of participants' experiences. Such approaches should be implemented in future HIV cure trials to optimize human-centered research implementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":"241-252"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12263157/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143187945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Near Full-Length Genomic Characterization of a Novel HIV-1 Unique Recombinant (A1/D/K) from an Immigrant Worker in China Using Nanopore Sequencing.","authors":"Haibo Wang, Huina Huang, Weigang Li, Cheng Yuan, Ying Su, Xiaojian Zhou, Xinbin Chen, Yuxiang Huang","doi":"10.1089/aid.2024.0108","DOIUrl":"10.1089/aid.2024.0108","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recombination contributes substantially to the genetic diversity of HIV-1. Here we reported a novel HIV-1 recombinant detected from a Chinese labor who had been to Uganda as an immigrant worker using nanopore sequencing. Near full-length genome (NFLG) phylogenetic analysis showed that the novel HIV-1 recombinant HIV-sd1801 stood in a distinct branch between the CRF130_A1B/CRF131_A1B and CRF50_A1D/CRF84_A1D reference sequences. Recombinant analysis showed that the NFLG of HIV-sd1801 was composed of subtypes A1, D, and K, with 19 recombinant breakpoints observed in the <i>gag, pol, tat, rev, vpu, env,</i> and <i>nef</i> regions. This is the first detection of a novel HIV-1 recombinant (A1/D/K) in immigrant workers in China, which indicated the continuous evolution of HIV-1 among this population and underscored the importance of continuous surveillance of the dynamic changes of HIV-1.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":"274-278"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143045493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sequence Notes: Characterization of Two Novel HIV-1 Unique Recombinant Forms (CRF01_AE/B) in Hebei Province.","authors":"Zhen Zhang, Yuchen Zhang, Juan Meng, Weiguang Fan, Jianru Jia, Sisi Chen, Haoxi Shi","doi":"10.1089/aid.2024.0122","DOIUrl":"10.1089/aid.2024.0122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Many new circulating recombinant forms (CRFs) and unique recombinant forms (URFs) of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) have been discovered in populations with multiple circulating HIV-1 genotypes. In this study, we report two novel URFs derived from two individuals who were HIV-1 positive in Hebei, China, who were infected through homosexual (BDD142) and heterosexual (BDD154) contact. Phylogenetic and recombinant analyses of the two NFLG revealed that they are second-generation recombinant strains originating from the CRF01_AE cluster 4/B and CRF01_AE cluster 5/B strains. The BDD142 viral genome consists of a subtype B fragment inserted into a CRF01_AE backbone, whereas the BDD154 virus genome consists of two subtype B fragments inserted into a CRF01_AE backbone. Prompt monitoring of molecular epidemiological shifts of HIV-1 within sexually transmitted populations and enhanced behavioral interventions targeting this group are imperative to mitigate the spread of HIV-1 effectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":"279-284"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143057777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}