Acta Universitatis Carolinae. Medica最新文献

{"title":"Bone mass during growth: the effects of exercise. Exercise and mineral accrual.","authors":"S Bass,&nbsp;G Pearce,&nbsp;N Young,&nbsp;E Seeman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intense exercise during childhood and adolescence may result in primary amenorrhea and low peak bone mineral density (BMD). After puberty, exercise may result in secondary amenorrhea and bone loss. Higher BMD in amenorrheic athletes than amenorrheic sedentary persons suggests that exercise may partly offsets the effects of amenorrhea. To examine this possibility, we measured BMD (g/cm2) by dual x-ray absorptiometry in 32 ballet dancer and 23 healthy controls of comparable age with regular menstrual cycles, 34 pre-pubertal female gymnasts bone age 8.9 +/- 0.2 years and 37 girls matched by bone age. Dancers had normal BMD at the weight bearing sites, not low, despite having oligomenorrhea, not high despite 32 hours of week dancing. BMD was lower by 4-6 percent at the non-weight bearing sites. BMD diminished in the dancers at the weight bearing femoral neck (r = -0.29, P = 0.1) and trochanter (r = -0.31, P = 0.09), and at the non-weight bearing arms (r = -0.29, P = 0.09) with increasing duration of amenorrhea. Dancers with less than 40 months amenorrhea had 5 to 7% higher BMD at the weight bearing, but not non-weight bearing sites. Dancers with more than 40 months amenorrhea had normal, not higher BMD at weight bearing sites and deficits of about 5 percent at non-weight bearing sites. In gymnasts, BMD was 10-15 percent (or 1 SD) higher than the bone age-predicted mean. Exercise may not offset the effects of amenorrhea. Bone loss may continue but from a higher level, perhaps attained prior puberty.</p>","PeriodicalId":75422,"journal":{"name":"Acta Universitatis Carolinae. Medica","volume":"40 1-4","pages":"3-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20285900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of bone growth and strength in juvenile (rheumatoid) arthritis. Interaction with other influences.","authors":"J Reeve","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75422,"journal":{"name":"Acta Universitatis Carolinae. Medica","volume":"40 1-4","pages":"7-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20285901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two cases of pseudohypoparathyroidism in adolescent boys.","authors":"P Kabícek,&nbsp;S Kutílek,&nbsp;M Bayer,&nbsp;J J Stĕpán","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pseudohypoparathyroidism (PHP) is characterized by end organ resistance to parathyroid hormone (PTH). PHP type Ia consists of Albright's osteodystrophy and resistance to PTH. In PHP type Ib physical appearance is normal and there is no response to PTH in U-cAMP excretion. In PHP type II both physical appearance and U-cAMP response to PTH infusion are normal. Two adolescent patients with severe hypocalcaemia were treated in our department. The first boy was admitted because of low back pain, latent tetany and recurrent collapsing, the second one due to Grand mal epilepsia. S-Ca concentrations were very low (1.1 and 1.03 mmol/l respectively), CT of the brain revealed multiple calcifications in basal ganglia and S-PTH concentrations were above upper reference level. Therefore the diagnosis of PHP was established. In the absence of skeletal malformations the most probable diagnosis is PHP Ib or II. Clinical state of the boys has dramatically improved after calcium and vitamin D supplementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":75422,"journal":{"name":"Acta Universitatis Carolinae. Medica","volume":"40 1-4","pages":"53-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20285910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HLA and juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.","authors":"M Cerná,&nbsp;P Vavrincová,&nbsp;S Havelka","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>HLA class II analysis in a group of 153 Czech children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis by PCR and oligonucleotide hybridization demonstrated associations with several alleles. DRB1*0801 (RR = 5.3, p < 0.005) and DRB1 * 11 (RR = 2.2, p < 0.01) including all subtypes were shown to be increased in the rheumatoid factor-negative group (N = 137). The same results were observed in Italy, England and Norway. In patients with the pauciarticular onset with conversion to polyarticular within 3 years, a statistically significant increase in DR2 (RR = 10.1, p < 0.00005), mostly due to DRB1*1501, was found. In the iridocyclitis and antinuclear factor groups, susceptibility to DRB1*1201 was observed. There was a striking decrease in DRB1*0701 (RR = 0.3, p < 0.00005) in all groups. There was neither an increase in DRB1*1301 or DPB1*0301 nor a decrease in DRB1*04, as reported from other studies in Texas and Norway. The rheumatoid factor-positive group with polyarticular onset (N = 13) was associated with DRB1*04 (RR = 7.1, p < 0.005), as observed in adults. DPB1*0201 was increased in the persistent pauciarticular group (RR = 3.7, p < 0.0005). DPB1*0402 was decreased in all pauciarticular groups with or without conversion (RR = 0.3, p < 0.005). Taken together, there are not only genetic differences and clinical heterogeneity in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis patients but, also, common predisposing factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":75422,"journal":{"name":"Acta Universitatis Carolinae. Medica","volume":"40 1-4","pages":"69-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20287102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The production of saliva of patients with juvenile chronic arthritis (JCA).","authors":"M John,&nbsp;A Lauerwald,&nbsp;V John,&nbsp;H H Thiemann","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>About 12-16 p.c. of the patients with JCA had a reduced saliva production. These were older than twelve years or belonged to the systemic form of JCA. The reduced saliva production is clinically not discernible. Enteral deviation or disturbances are observed with rheumatic arthritis. Various examinators have found a Sicca syndrome at about 6-12 p.c. of patients suffering from rheumatic arthritis (1, 2, 3). The mostly retrospective examinations do not allow a direct comparison. Up to now the Sicca syndrome has rarely been observed with the Juvenile Chronic Arthritis. This investigation is to present the quantitative production of saliva of JCA patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":75422,"journal":{"name":"Acta Universitatis Carolinae. Medica","volume":"40 1-4","pages":"87-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20287105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential of densitometric measurement in selected pediatric subject.","authors":"R S Lorenc,&nbsp;H Matusik,&nbsp;M Olszaniecka,&nbsp;M Lebiedowski","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>On the aim to recognize bone mineral measurements as somatic development parameter as well as its clinical usefulness in pediatric clinic, the investigations with of DPX-L were performed. Material consisted of 302 healthy scholars both sex and 85 patients aged 6.0-18.9 yrs children diagnosed as idiopathic juvenile osteoporosis (IJO) and osteogenesis imperfecta (OI). Total body mineral density (TBBMD) was evaluated as developmental parameter in normal children population and utilized in differential diagnosis and monitoring of bone pathology in children with IJO and OI.</p>","PeriodicalId":75422,"journal":{"name":"Acta Universitatis Carolinae. Medica","volume":"40 1-4","pages":"23-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20285904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Different modes of action of high-dose immunoglobulins in rheumatoid arthritis.","authors":"M Delire","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Several clinical trials have demonstrated that in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, high doses intravenous immunoglobulins (i.v.i.g.) are frequently leading to an improvement of the morning stiffness and the extra articular symptoms, as well as to a steroid-sparing effect. This i.v.i.g. therapy seems furthermore to have immunomodulatory activities in rheumatoid arthritis, since the clinical benefit is concomitant with a reduction in the number of CD4+ T-lymphocytes, with a significant dtop in the level of circulating immune complexes (CIC), and with an inhibition of the early phases of the B-lymphocytes activation. Due to the heterogeneic aspects of the rheumatoid arthritis pathogeny, it is to be expected that i.v.i.g. may interfere in different ways with many of the sequential processes in operation in the development of this disease. 1. IgGs may facilitate the reticulo endothelial clearance of inflammatory CICs by increasing their size as a consequence of the addition of exogeneous antibodies (Ab) which offers more IgG-Fc fragments as ligands for the monocytes/macrophages Fc-gamma III receptors. 2. i.v.i.g are known to down regulate the activation of B-lymphocytes and their differentiation in specialized Abs-secreting plasma-cells, and this process could affect the clones of B-cells producing anti-collagen II auto-antibodies and Abs with rheumatoid factor activity. 3. Some experimental data allow to suspect the responsibility of a super-Ag in certain forms of rheumatoid arthritis. I.v.i.g. preparations contain specific Abs which bind some of these super Ags, and impair their adequate presentation to T helper-cells. 4. Cytokines and specially the interleukin I (IL-1) which stimulates the collagenase activity, are pivotal elements in the perpetuation of the inflammatory connective tissue damages in rheumatoid arthritis. I.v.i.g. preparations contain soluble cytokine-receptors, as well as anti-IL-1 and IL-6 specific Abs which both act as cytokines agonists and sustain the effective antiinflammatory action of high-dose polyclonal IgGs. Although more clinical data are still needed to sustain the routine use of i.v.i.g. in rheumatoid arthritis, the efficacy of this therapy is not disputable any more in other pathologies with similar immunological disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":75422,"journal":{"name":"Acta Universitatis Carolinae. Medica","volume":"40 1-4","pages":"95-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20287107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutical and immunological effects of methylprednisolone pulse therapy in comparison with intravenous immunoglobulin. Treatment in patients with juvenile chronic arthritis.","authors":"J Oppermann,&nbsp;D Möbius","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Twenty patients with polyarticular or systemic subtypes of juvenile chronic arthritis were primary treated with either Methylprednisolone (MP) pulses (group I) or i.v. Immunoglobulin (IG) (group II) in combination with Methotrexat and low dosages of Glucocorticosteroids. Clinical effects of treatment were rapid and excellent in both groups and also the regression of inflammatory activity. MP-pulses and also IG-treatment decrease significant the respective part of lymphocytes and T-cells. Significant is also the decrease of CD4 and CD8 cells and the normalization of the CD4/CD8 ratio in both groups. Different are the effects on B-cells and NK-cells between the two groups. Whereas MP-pulses decrease the number of B-cells. IG-treatment leads to high increase. The number of NK-cells increases after each single MP-pulse and decreases significant after IG-infusions.</p>","PeriodicalId":75422,"journal":{"name":"Acta Universitatis Carolinae. Medica","volume":"40 1-4","pages":"117-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20288904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bisphosphonates: pharmacology and effects on the growing skeleton.","authors":"S E Papapoulos","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75422,"journal":{"name":"Acta Universitatis Carolinae. Medica","volume":"40 1-4","pages":"29-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20285905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraarticular hip treatment with triamcinolonehexacetonide in juvenile chronic arthritis.","authors":"M Boehnke,&nbsp;R Behrend,&nbsp;G Dietz,&nbsp;R M Küster","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To evaluate the effect and tolerance of intraarticular Triamcinolonehexacetonide (TCH) in the course of chronic coxitis in juvenile chronic arthritis (JCA) in an open uncontrolled study. Since 1990 we treated patients < 16 years of age suffering from chronic coxitis with 1 mg/TCH/KG body weight. The patients were checked again 4-8 weeks after the treatment. Clinical and ultrasound courses were recorded with the help of ultrasound and joint scores. The evaluation took place 6, 12, 24 and 36 months after the treatment. At that time we give a report on the 12 months follow-up of 37 hip joints and the 24 months follow-up of 20 hip joints. The immediate effect of TCH influencing mobility, pain sensitivity and joint effusions of the patients is impressing. The long term effect of TCH has to be evaluated by regular check ups for at least 2 years. An individual comparison with the not treated contralateral joint would be desired if ethically justifiable. Most patients suffering from polyarticular diseases with a long course of coxitis needed more than one injection of TCH (mean reinjection time 5.8 months). Any avascular necrosis of the femoral heads or other complications were not observed.</p>","PeriodicalId":75422,"journal":{"name":"Acta Universitatis Carolinae. Medica","volume":"40 1-4","pages":"123-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20288905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}