{"title":"Fostering Tomorrow: Uniting Artificial Intelligence and Social Pediatrics for Comprehensive Child Well-being.","authors":"Murat Gülşen, Sıddıka Songül Yalçın","doi":"10.5152/TurkArchPediatr.2024.24076","DOIUrl":"10.5152/TurkArchPediatr.2024.24076","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This comprehensive review explores the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in the field of social pediatrics, emphasizing its potential to revolutionize child healthcare. Social pediatrics, a specialized branch within the discipline, focuses on the significant influence of societal, environmental, and economic factors on children's health and development. This field adopts a holistic approach, integrating medical, psychological, and environmental considerations. This review aims to explore the potential of AI in revolutionizing child healthcare from social pediatrics perspective. To achieve that, we explored AI applications in preventive care, growth monitoring, nutritional guidance, environmental risk factor prediction, and early detection of child abuse. The findings highlight AI's significant contributions in various areas of social pediatrics. Artificial intelligence's proficiency in handling large datasets is shown to enhance diagnostic processes, personalize treatments, and improve overall healthcare management. Notable advancements are observed in preventive care, growth monitoring, nutritional counseling, predicting environmental risks, and early child abuse detection. We find that integrating AI into social pediatric healthcare aims to enhance the effectiveness, accessibility, and equity of pediatric health services. This integration ensures high-quality care for every child, regardless of their social background. The study elucidates AI's multifaceted applications in social pediatrics, including natural language processing, machine learning algorithms for health outcome predictions, and AI-driven tools for health and environmental monitoring, collectively fostering a more efficient, informed, and responsive pediatric healthcare system.</p>","PeriodicalId":75267,"journal":{"name":"Turkish archives of pediatrics","volume":"59 4","pages":"345-352"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11332429/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141899146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Investigation of Trace Element Levels and Toxic Metals in Obese Children: A Single-Center Experienc.","authors":"Sultan Kaba, Sinan Kılıç","doi":"10.5152/TurkArchPediatr.2024.24016","DOIUrl":"10.5152/TurkArchPediatr.2024.24016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The complete role of factors contributing to the pathogenesis of childhood obesity remains to be fully elucidated. Limited research has addressed trace elements in the context of child obesity. Our objective was to assess trace element and lead (Pb), copper (Cu) (are toxic metal) levels in both healthy and obese children, and to investigate the potential correlations between these elements and obesity-related anthropometric measurements, lipid profiles, as well as insulin and glucose levels. Furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry was employed to measure the concentrations of trace elements in the serum. Additionally, fasting glucose, insulin, and lipid levels were determined in obese children (body mass index ≥ 95th percentile for age and sex), along with 50 healthy children. Only the obesity group underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Significantly reduced levels of Fe, Mg, Zn, and Co were observed in obese children, whereas Cu, Pb, and Mn levels were elevated (P < .001, P <.001, P = .002, P = .008, P <.001, P = .001, P = .007, respectively). Significant positive correlations were found between the 2-hour glucose level in OGTT and Mn (P = .013), as well as between peak insulin and insulin levels at the 30th and 60th minutes, and Fe (P = .001, P = .025, P = .001). This study indicates that an imbalance in trace element levels and the accumulation of Pb may be associated with obesity, while levels of Mn and Fe may be linked to glucose intolerance.</p>","PeriodicalId":75267,"journal":{"name":"Turkish archives of pediatrics","volume":"59 4","pages":"390-396"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11332427/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141977425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
İbrahim Cemal Maslak, Muhammed Burak Selver, Ömer Kaşkaya, Merve Bayrak Yıldırım, Ayşe Çiğdem Sivrice, Mahmut Keskin, Ebru Sagay, Ebru Yılmaz Keskin
{"title":"Life-Threatening Recurrence of Paroxysmal Cold Hemoglobinuria in a Child During Influenza A Infection.","authors":"İbrahim Cemal Maslak, Muhammed Burak Selver, Ömer Kaşkaya, Merve Bayrak Yıldırım, Ayşe Çiğdem Sivrice, Mahmut Keskin, Ebru Sagay, Ebru Yılmaz Keskin","doi":"10.5152/TurkArchPediatr.2024.24067","DOIUrl":"10.5152/TurkArchPediatr.2024.24067","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75267,"journal":{"name":"Turkish archives of pediatrics","volume":"59 4","pages":"419-421"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11332523/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141977426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aslı Okbay Güneş, Aydın Bozkaya, Mehmet Emin Avlanmış
{"title":"Factors Associated with Post-rewarming Procalcitonin Levels in Newborns with Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy.","authors":"Aslı Okbay Güneş, Aydın Bozkaya, Mehmet Emin Avlanmış","doi":"10.5152/TurkArchPediatr.2024.24089","DOIUrl":"10.5152/TurkArchPediatr.2024.24089","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To determine the factors associated with the procalcitonin levels in newborns with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) who received therapeutic hypothermia (TH). The neonates, who had moderate/severe HIE and were treated with TH, were included. The neonates were arranged into 2 groups by procalcitonin (PCT) level after rewarming was completed. The neonates who had a procalcitonin level of < 2.5 ng/ml constituted Group 1 and the ones who had a procalcitonin level of ≥ 2.5 ng/ml constituted Group 2. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the factors related with PCT level. The first group included 123 (87.9%) neonates and the second group included 17 (12.1%) neonates. The median gestational age was 38 (36-39) weeks and the mean birth weight was 3081.7 ± 552.8 grams. In group 2, the rates for severe HIE, cesarean section, antibiotic switch, convulsion, inotrope use and mortality were higher, and duration of hospitalization was longer, whereas Apgar scores were lower (P < .05). The risk of a high procalcitonin level was found to be 6-fold (95% CI 1.9-19.1) higher in severe HIE and 5.2-fold higher (95% CI 1.7-16) in cesarean delivery. In neonates with HIE/TH, high post-rewarming procalcitonin levels were related with severe HIE and cesarean delivery. Some other clinical and laboratory findings, which may reflect worse clinical status, were also associated with high procalcitonin levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":75267,"journal":{"name":"Turkish archives of pediatrics","volume":"59 4","pages":"404-409"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11332431/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141977423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparison of Clinical Presentations and Disease Severity of Children Hospitalized with Influenza A and B.","authors":"Aykut Ekşi, Gökçen Kartal Öztürk, Candan Çiçek, Figen Gülen, Esen Demir","doi":"10.5152/TurkArchPediatr.2024.23286","DOIUrl":"10.5152/TurkArchPediatr.2024.23286","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study compared the clinical presentations and disease severity between influenza A and B (FLUA and FLUB). The study included children hospitalized with virologically confirmed influenza between 2010 and 2020. The severity of the disease was evaluated based on admission to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU), mechanical ventilation requirement, length of hospital stay, length of stay in the PICU, and death. Influenza viruses were compared within predefined age groups (0-2, 3-9, and 10-18 years) and in all age groups. Of 343 patients, FLUA and FLUB were detected in 75.8% and 24.2% of children, respectively. FLUB was associated with a higher incidence of headache and abdominal pain (P < .001 and P = .01). Children with FLUB were prescribed antibiotics and antivirals 0.56 and 0.58- fold fewer than those with FLUA. Headache and abdominal pain rates were higher in patients between 3 and 9 years with FLUB. Children between 0 and 2 years with FLUA were more frequently admitted to the PICU than those with FLUB (23.6% vs. 4.0%; P < .004). Eight patients with FLUA died, while only 1 with FLUB died (P = .69). The clinical presentation of FLUA and FLUB appeared similar, except for headache and abdominal pain, which were more prevalent in older patients with FLUB. Our study revealed that children between 0 and 2 years with FLUA were at a significantly higher risk for admission to the PICU. As a result, greater attention and awareness should be paid to children under 2 years old with FLUA.</p>","PeriodicalId":75267,"journal":{"name":"Turkish archives of pediatrics","volume":"59 4","pages":"397-403"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11332444/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141977421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Through the Glass Ceiling: The Quest for Gender Equality in Academia.","authors":"Tanyel Zubarioğlu","doi":"10.5152/TurkArchPediatr.2024.28624","DOIUrl":"10.5152/TurkArchPediatr.2024.28624","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75267,"journal":{"name":"Turkish archives of pediatrics","volume":"59 4","pages":"333-335"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11332561/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141977430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Irene Yuniar, Jojor Sihotang, Regina Suriadi, Devina June
{"title":"The Correlation of Fluid Creep with Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalance In Pediatric Intensive Care Unit Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Central Public Hospital.","authors":"Irene Yuniar, Jojor Sihotang, Regina Suriadi, Devina June","doi":"10.5152/TurkArchPediatr.2024.23309","DOIUrl":"10.5152/TurkArchPediatr.2024.23309","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fluid creep, used as a drug diluent can contribute to fluid and electrolyte balance. Fluid creep brings substantial volume and electrolyte load to patients, especially in critically ill children. This study is conducted to evaluate the correlation of fluid creep with fluid and electrolyte balance in critically ill children. This cross-sectional study was conducted in a single tertiary center. We include children aged 1 month- 18 years in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Exclusion criteria were patients receiving renal replacement therapy and plasmapheresis. Fluids and electrolyte intake were recorded at admission and the first 24 hours in the PICU. A total of 64 patients were observed. The sources of fluid intake are 61% from parenteral, 25% from enteral nutrition, and 12% from fluid creep. There were significant correlations between the volume (r = 0.304, P = .015) and electrolyte intake (r = 0.742, P = .035) of fluid creep with daily fluid balance. There is no correlation between fluid creep and electrolyte changes in 24 hours. Fifty-two patients used WFI (81.2%) as a drug diluent. Our study showed that fluid creep constitutes 12% of daily fluid intake. There is a correlation between the volume and electrolyte intake from fluid creep to daily fluid balance, so it is important to include the volume of fluid creep in calculating the fluid balance. Thus, it is recommended to use hypotonic fluid like WFI compared to NaCl 0.9% for drug diluent.</p>","PeriodicalId":75267,"journal":{"name":"Turkish archives of pediatrics","volume":"59 4","pages":"353-357"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11332555/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141977429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Khai Quang Tran, Van Hung Pham, Chau Minh Vo, Quan Minh Pham, Phuong Minh Nguyen
{"title":"Comparison of Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction and Culture for Targeting Pathogens in Pediatric Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia.","authors":"Khai Quang Tran, Van Hung Pham, Chau Minh Vo, Quan Minh Pham, Phuong Minh Nguyen","doi":"10.5152/TurkArchPediatr.2024.24005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5152/TurkArchPediatr.2024.24005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to determine the frequency of pathogen detection by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), the frequency of pathogen isolation by culture; and compare the value of real-time PCR and culture of nasopharyngeal aspiration samples in patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia (sCAP).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>It was a prospective and descriptive study. All pediatric patients diagnosed with sCAP were performed real-time PCR and culture of nasopharyngeal aspiration samples.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 336 patient samples were obtained from children with sCAP. Real-time PCR detected pathogens in 312 patients (92.9%), while culture isolated bacteria in 228 patients (67.9%). Coinfections were reported in 279 cases (83.0%) through real-time PCR. The frequency of agreement between culture and real-time PCR was quite high (P < .001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Real-time PCR demonstrated more ability for detecting microorganisms than culture. This finding highlighted the value of real-time PCR for targeting pathogens in children with sCAP, particularly in cases involving complex pathogens or those requiring timely identification.</p>","PeriodicalId":75267,"journal":{"name":"Turkish archives of pediatrics","volume":"59 4","pages":"383-389"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11332497/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142516809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Serious Medical and Psychosocial Complications in Pregnant and Postpartum Adolescents at a Pediatric Emergency Department.","authors":"Leman Akcan Yıldız, Halise Akça, Funda Kurt, Ayla Akça Çağlar","doi":"10.5152/TurkArchPediatr.2024.24072","DOIUrl":"10.5152/TurkArchPediatr.2024.24072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to describe the clinical characteristics and serious medical and psychosocial complications of pregnant and postpartum adolescent patients at a pediatric emergency department (PED). Demographic and clinical data of all pregnant and postpartum adolescents who presented to the PED of a single tertiary referral hospital between January 2020 and January 2023 were collected and documented retrospectively. Twenty-seven patients with a mean age of 16.7 ± 0.8 years were included in the study. The main presenting complaints were abdominal pain (n = 9), suspicion of pregnancy (n = 5), cough, seizure, and vomiting (3 patients each). Potentially life-threatening medical complications included stroke (n = 3), placental abruption (n = 1), and carbon monoxide intoxication (n = 1). Sexual assault (n = 4), physical assault (n = 2), recurrent pregnancies (n = 5), and suicide attempts (n = 4) were serious psychological and social complications in our patient group. Pregnant and post-partum adolescents may present to PED with serious lifethreatening complications, and permanent sequelae may occur. In addition to sexual and physical violence, various psychological problems are comorbid conditions. These patients should be managed with a multidisciplinary biopsychosocial approach, and these issues considered in their acute treatment and follow-up at emergency departments.</p>","PeriodicalId":75267,"journal":{"name":"Turkish archives of pediatrics","volume":"59 4","pages":"410-416"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11332547/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141977427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Edin Botan, Ayşe Durak Aslan, Emrah Gün, Merve Havan, Nur Dikmen, Anar Gurbanov, Burak Balaban, Fevzi Kahveci, Hasan Özen, Hacer Uçmak, Özlem Selvi Can, Selen Karagözlü, Mehmet Cahit Sarıcaoğlu, Zeynep Eyileten, Tayfun Uçar, Ercan Tutar, Ahmet Rüçhan Akar, Mustafa Adnan Uysalel, Tanıl Kendirli
{"title":"Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation after Pediatric Cardiac Surgery: A Single-Center Experience.","authors":"Edin Botan, Ayşe Durak Aslan, Emrah Gün, Merve Havan, Nur Dikmen, Anar Gurbanov, Burak Balaban, Fevzi Kahveci, Hasan Özen, Hacer Uçmak, Özlem Selvi Can, Selen Karagözlü, Mehmet Cahit Sarıcaoğlu, Zeynep Eyileten, Tayfun Uçar, Ercan Tutar, Ahmet Rüçhan Akar, Mustafa Adnan Uysalel, Tanıl Kendirli","doi":"10.5152/TurkArchPediatr.2024.23291","DOIUrl":"10.5152/TurkArchPediatr.2024.23291","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a life-saving treatment option providing cardiopulmonary support when standard therapies prove insufficient for reversible diseases. The mean objective of this study was to evaluate our center's experience with ECMO following pediatric cardiac surgery. This retrospective study was conducted in our pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) between November 2014 and March 2021 and included patients who received ECMO following cardiac surgery. Over the 7-year period, 324 patients underwent cardiac surgery, of which 24 (7.4%) required ECMO support. Among them, 13 (54.2%) were female, with a median age of 16.0 (2.0- 208) months and a median weight of 7.0 (3.5-70) kg. The mean vasoactive inotrope score (VIS) was 53.9 ± 44.5. Atrioventricular septal defect repair was the most common surgical procedure (n = 8/24, 41.6%). The primary indication for ECMO was low cardiac output syndrome (LCOS) in 14 (58.3%) patients. The median duration of ECMO support was 6.0 (1.0-46.0) days. Nonsurvivors had significantly higher Pediatric Risk Score of Mortality (PRISM) III scores (P = .014) and VIS scores during the pre-ECMO period (P = .004). Early or late neurological complications developed in 12 (50%) patients, with significant differences in lactate levels and pH levels preECMO between those with and without neurological complications (P = .01, P = .02, respectively). We successfully decannulated 16 (66.6%) patients, with a final survival rate of 12 (50%). ECMO plays a crucial role in providing pre- and post-cardiac surgery support for children. LCOS remains the main indication, and high PRISM III and VIS scores are valuable predictors of outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":75267,"journal":{"name":"Turkish archives of pediatrics","volume":"59 4","pages":"358-363"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11332433/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141977422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}