{"title":"What shapes employees’ acceptance of and engagement with mystery patient programs for service quality improvement? A qualitative application of the Theory of Planned Behavior","authors":"Lina Daouk-Öyry , Mohamad Alameddine , Bayan Rafii , Hussein Soueidan","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmqr.2026.100716","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmqr.2026.100716","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mystery Patient Programs (MPPs) are increasingly employed in hospital settings to enhance service quality and improve patient experience. This study aimed to identify the factors influencing employees' acceptance of and engagement with an MPP implemented in an outpatient hospital context. Thirty-three semi-structured interviews were conducted with FL staff (i.e., nurses and clinical assistants) who had recently participated in an MPP initiative. Thematic analysis revealed four overarching themes: structural-relational misalignment, psychological appraisal and readiness, program legitimacy and fidelity, and behavioral responses. These were further broken down into nine sub-themes and fifteen codes. Using the Theory of Planned Behavior as a guiding framework, we developed an explanatory model illustrating how various organizational, programmatic, and personal factors influence employees’ attitudes, perceived social norms, and perceived behavioral control, ultimately shaping their acceptance of and intention to engage with MPPs. From a theoretical standpoint, this study contributes to understanding the multilevel determinants of employee engagement in quality improvement interventions. From a managerial perspective, it identifies structural and interpersonal barriers that must be addressed to ensure the effective and credible implementation of MPPs in healthcare settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74862,"journal":{"name":"SSM. Qualitative research in health","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100716"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anna Pomaro , Fanny Chabrol , Yadira Díaz Leal , Nils Graber , Vanesa Fernández Bereau , Dennis Pérez Chacón
{"title":"Responding to COVID-19 through participation. The Cuban experience of community engagement","authors":"Anna Pomaro , Fanny Chabrol , Yadira Díaz Leal , Nils Graber , Vanesa Fernández Bereau , Dennis Pérez Chacón","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmqr.2026.100724","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmqr.2026.100724","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74862,"journal":{"name":"SSM. Qualitative research in health","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100724"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146173463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Kamenshchikova , A. Deal , J. Carter , F. Knights , O. Bouaddi , N. Aspray , S. Bojang , F. Seedat , N. Sanchez-Clemente , A. Jachmann , S. Hargreaves
{"title":"Infrastructural familiarity: How Russian-speaking migrants are expected to become active participants in navigating UK vaccination programmes","authors":"A. Kamenshchikova , A. Deal , J. Carter , F. Knights , O. Bouaddi , N. Aspray , S. Bojang , F. Seedat , N. Sanchez-Clemente , A. Jachmann , S. Hargreaves","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmqr.2026.100702","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmqr.2026.100702","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>International migrants remain an under-immunised group globally. Understanding expectations that national public health infrastructures pose upon newly arrived migrants is crucial for unpacking the challenges that migrants face when seeking vaccination. Building on the concept of infrastructural familiarity – the embedded knowledge required to navigate public health systems – and focusing on Russian-speaking migrants in the UK, in this article we aim to map how this group of migrants navigate UK vaccination programmes. Following convenience sampling, we conducted 25 semi-structured interviews with Russian-speaking migrants in the UK, including 15 asylum seekers. After transcribing the interviews verbatim, we applied a combination of deductive and inductive techniques for thematic data analysis. Seven asylum seekers were self-identified as men who have sex with men (MSM), which was an important distinction when analysing migrants’ vaccination experiences in their home countries and in the UK. Having limited access to certain vaccines, such as HPV, in their home countries, MSM asylum seekers adopted a role of being proactive participants in the UK public health infrastructure. Non-MSM migrants, however, struggled to become active participants within the UK public health infrastructure, with them referring to logistical and financial challenges in accessing vaccination. Analysing these different experiences, we reflect on how UK public health infrastructures, and vaccination provision in particular, expect newly arrived migrants to become informed and active participants within these infrastructures, thus leaving those who cannot fulfil such expectations on the healthcare margins.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74862,"journal":{"name":"SSM. Qualitative research in health","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100702"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145976545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The clinic. An autoethnographic journey through emotions, conflict, and epistemic tensions in interdisciplinary research","authors":"Alessandro Porrovecchio","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmqr.2026.100706","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmqr.2026.100706","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This autoethnographic study examines the epistemic, institutional, and interpersonal dynamics shaping an interdisciplinary clinical research project in clinical sociology. The project involved a randomized controlled trial combining adapted physical activity and art therapy for oncology patients, assessed through validated questionnaires, participant observation, semi-structured interviews, and arts-based techniques.</div><div>While methodologically robust, the collaboration unfolded within a clinical setting marked by entrenched biomedical dominance and hierarchical institutional culture. Findings reveal how epistemic hierarchies privileged quantitative and biomedical approaches over qualitative and sociological contributions, generating delegitimization, symbolic control, and exclusionary practices. These tensions, embedded within broader institutional structures, translated into daily micro-interactions that produced emotional distress, frustration, and marginalization, while also eliciting acts of resistance and mutual care.</div><div>Adopting an embedded, reflexive analysis, the study situates these dynamics within literature on epistemic injustice, interdisciplinary collaboration, and the affective dimensions of research work. Implications highlight the need for institutional recognition of methodological pluralism, reflexivity training, and relational practices of care to foster more equitable partnerships. The discussion also addresses methodological limitations - including the partial anonymization and narrative simplification of events - and outlines future directions for advancing interdisciplinary research through long-term institutional partnerships grounded in openness to diverse epistemologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74862,"journal":{"name":"SSM. Qualitative research in health","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100706"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146022525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kelsi Carolan, Doreek Charles, Laura Moynihan, Rupal Parekh
{"title":"Identifying interventions and coping strategies to address the psychosocial repercussions of long-COVID: A qualitative interpretive meta-synthesis (QIMS)","authors":"Kelsi Carolan, Doreek Charles, Laura Moynihan, Rupal Parekh","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmqr.2026.100701","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmqr.2026.100701","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Long-COVID is a serious public health concern impacting millions of adults and children around the world. Long-COVID can have substantial psychosocial repercussions, with detrimental effects on mental health, quality of life, financial wellbeing and employment, but there are limited interventions for addressing the psychosocial effects of this illness. In particular, the interventions and coping strategies individuals with long-COVID employed within the earliest days of this disease's emergence have not been fully examined – a significant gap in understanding the lived experiences of affected individuals. The authors conducted a Qualitative Interpretive Meta-Synthesis (QIMS) to identify psychosocial interventions and coping strategies utilized and valued by individuals with long-COVID, as well as any challenges such individuals encountered. This QIMS highlighted barriers to accessing treatment and psychosocial support, pinpointing needed areas for intervention. We identified 11 overarching themes across the data set of qualitative literature, emphasizing the significance of validation and empathy from healthcare providers and access to mental health care as professional interventions; and interpersonal support outside of formal systems of care, activity modification, self-advocacy and education, and meaning-making as informal interventions and coping strategies. Barriers participants encountered included healthcare-related obstacles unique to seeking care for a novel, poorly understood chronic illness, medical gaslighting, inadequate interpersonal support, and systemic barriers to well-being within and beyond the medical system. This QIMS addresses a critical gap in the long-COVID literature, with implications for the development of effective psychosocial interventions for this underserved population, as well as healthcare provider education, and healthcare and disability policy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74862,"journal":{"name":"SSM. Qualitative research in health","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100701"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146022523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Harry Barbee , Jordan Ramnarine , Nik M. Lampe , Marci Exsted , Ellesse-Roselee Akré
{"title":"Forced to adapt: Structural constraints and healthcare trade-offs among transgender and gender-diverse populations in the United States","authors":"Harry Barbee , Jordan Ramnarine , Nik M. Lampe , Marci Exsted , Ellesse-Roselee Akré","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmqr.2025.100682","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmqr.2025.100682","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74862,"journal":{"name":"SSM. Qualitative research in health","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100682"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145737560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Introducing new technologies while maintaining high reliability: Comparison of two hospitals","authors":"Carolin Auschra, Jörg Sydow","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmqr.2025.100684","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmqr.2025.100684","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Introducing new technologies is a challenge to organizations that strive for reliability. With the help of practice theory and a special focus on resourcing practices, we conducted a qualitative case study on the introduction of two technologies in two German hospitals: one introducing a digital anesthesia documentation software, the other one a robot-assisted knee arthroplasty. Our findings illustrate that, to introduce such technologies, the organizations involved enacted specific practices, among them resourcing practices, in order to increase reliability during all steps of the introduction process. Our study also reveals that, throughout all phases, it is important to collaborate with the technology provider in order to acquire knowledge not only about the new technology, but also about the introduction process and to maintain reliability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74862,"journal":{"name":"SSM. Qualitative research in health","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100684"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145685371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Polina Mesinioti , Linda Dykes , Rebecca Rigney , Laura Sheard
{"title":"“It's not bullying if I do it to everyone”: What are the red flags of a toxic healthcare workplace culture? #MedTwitter responses from UK NHS healthcare professionals – A qualitative study","authors":"Polina Mesinioti , Linda Dykes , Rebecca Rigney , Laura Sheard","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmqr.2026.100705","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmqr.2026.100705","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The study aimed to understand NHS healthcare workers’ perceptions of toxic organisational cultures and behaviours, by undertaking an analysis of tweets.</div></div><div><h3>Design/setting</h3><div>The prompt tweet was posted in late 2022 by @DrLindaDykes (a prominent UK physician), inviting healthcare staff to share their experiences of “red flags that indicate you're probably in a toxic organisation”. A qualitative analysis of response tweets was undertaken, using inductive thematic analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 462 tweets were examined, revealing five key themes of what constitutes a red flag of a toxic workplace culture. The first theme was emotional depletion, with staff feeling drained and futile about their work. The second theme was incivility and unfair treatment, often rooted in a bullying culture. A third theme was a culture of blame shifting, whereby leaders and managers pressured frontline staff to resolve or take the blame for systemic issues, including understaffing. This also fed into the fourth theme, regarding staff feedback and/or concerns being ignored by leaders/managers. A fifth underlying theme was the fear of speaking out, with some employees facing punishment for doing so.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study highlights the pervasive and complex nature of toxic workplace cultures within the NHS, as experienced by healthcare professionals on Twitter. The findings demonstrate the importance of analysing social media posts to amplify critical voices often absent from more traditional methods of capturing healthcare workers’ opinions, such as staff surveys, offering valuable insights into the complexities of organisational dysfunction. There is an urgent need to tackle a culture of incivility to safeguard staff wellbeing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74862,"journal":{"name":"SSM. Qualitative research in health","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100705"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145977154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Avoidance, awareness, or acceptance: Parental communication about sexual and reproductive health and college women's contraceptive behaviors","authors":"Christie Sennott , Fatimah Lawal , Piritmwa Shemu , Laurie James-Hawkins","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmqr.2026.100704","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmqr.2026.100704","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Emerging adulthood is characterized by heightened risks to unwanted sexual and reproductive health (SRH) outcomes, particularly for young women. In the U.S., school-based sexual education programs often prioritize abstinence, leaving youth without comprehensive information on avoiding pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections. In this context, parental communication about SRH is vital to increase SRH knowledge and contraceptive autonomy. However, we lack information about how parental beliefs and parent-child communication about SRH during adolescence may influence young women's contraceptive behaviors during emerging adulthood. Therefore, we analyze 57 in-depth interviews with women attending a midwestern U.S. university to document parental SRH communication strategies, the beliefs or logics underlying these strategies, parental provision of contraception during high school, and the implications for women's contraceptive behaviors in college. In the <em>avoidance</em> strategy, parents avoided discussing SRH and did not provide contraceptive access largely due to religious beliefs. In the <em>awareness</em> strategy, parents indirectly communicated about SRH and often put daughters on contraception to address menstruation-related symptoms. Logics in this group varied from religious opposition to practical support. In the <em>acceptance</em> strategy, parents talked openly about SRH, used a practical support logic, and provided access to birth control for pregnancy prevention. College women in the <em>avoidance</em> category were more likely than others to have unprotected sex, rely on less-effective methods, and use emergency contraception. Discussing SRH issues and providing daughters access to contraception when needed is an important way parents can ensure daughters have the knowledge and tools to avoid unwanted SRH outcomes during emerging adulthood.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74862,"journal":{"name":"SSM. Qualitative research in health","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100704"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Beyond animal testing? Human health, organoids, and the rise of new approach methodologies in UK/US media coverage (2013–2024)","authors":"Amy Hinterberger , Aleksandra Stelmach","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmqr.2026.100713","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmqr.2026.100713","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article examines how organoids, self-organizing, stem cell-derived models of human tissue, are framed in UK and US media as ethical innovations poised to replace animals in human health research. Drawing on a decade of newspaper coverage (2013–2024), we analyse how organoids are represented in relation to animals, ethics, and the rise of New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) in biomedicine. Using the animal research nexus approach, we show that media narratives consistently position organoids as both scientifically superior and ethically progressive. However, this narrative often obscures ongoing animal use in organoid-based research, particularly in chimeric studies. We argue that the ethical promise of organoids does not simply displace animal models, it reframes the terms of the debate. By critically examining how public narratives of organoids are produced and stabilized in human health research, this paper calls for more nuanced understandings of responsibility in emerging health biotechnologies, where animals remain central, even in their supposed absence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74862,"journal":{"name":"SSM. Qualitative research in health","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100713"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146172932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}