Springer seminars in immunopathology最新文献_第8页

The common sense of the self-nonself discrimination. 常识的自我非我辨析。

Springer seminars in immunopathology Pub Date : 2005-06-01 Epub Date: 2005-02-15 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-005-0199-1

Melvin Cohn

引用次数: 41

CD4 T cells in tumor immunity. CD4 T细胞在肿瘤免疫中的作用。

Springer seminars in immunopathology Pub Date : 2005-06-01 Epub Date: 2005-03-15 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-004-0193-z

Mara Gerloni, Maurizio Zanetti

{"title":"CD4 T cells in tumor immunity.","authors":"Mara Gerloni, Maurizio Zanetti","doi":"10.1007/s00281-004-0193-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00281-004-0193-z","url":null,"abstract":"T cell immunity is the key to protective immune responses against tumors. Traditionally, this function has been ascribed to CD8 T lymphocytes with cytotoxic activity, which are restricted by MHC class I molecules. In recent years the realization that CD4 T cells can also play a relevant role in protective anti-tumor responses has received growing attention. Here we will discuss the role of MHC class II-restricted T cells in response to, and in the regulation of, tumor antigens. Emphasis will be placed on four areas: (1) the role of CD4 T cell immunity in tumor protection in animal models and putative mode of action, (2) tumor antigens recognized by human CD4 T cells, (3) the cooperation between two CD4 T cells of different specificity as a new way to jump start the response against sub-immunogenic determinants of tumor antigens in a tolerant environment, and (4) the negative impact of regulatory CD4 T cells on anti-tumor T cell responses. By drawing attention to these four areas, it is our intention to provide the reader with a comprehensive view of issues of contemporary importance for this field, in the expectation that the information will help a better design of therapeutic cancer vaccines.","PeriodicalId":74860,"journal":{"name":"Springer seminars in immunopathology","volume":" ","pages":"37-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s00281-004-0193-z","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25143808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 109

Understanding the response to immunotherapy in humans. 了解人体对免疫疗法的反应。

Springer seminars in immunopathology Pub Date : 2005-06-01 Epub Date: 2005-01-22 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-004-0198-7

Ena Wang, Monica C Panelli, Francesco M Marincola

{"title":"Understanding the response to immunotherapy in humans.","authors":"Ena Wang, Monica C Panelli, Francesco M Marincola","doi":"10.1007/s00281-004-0198-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00281-004-0198-7","url":null,"abstract":"Whether the efforts of the last decade aimed at the development of vaccines against tumor-specific antigens encountered success or failure is a matter of expectations. On the bright side, we could optimistically observe that anti-cancer-vaccines stand as an outstanding example of the successful implementation of modern biotechnology tools for the development of biologically sound therapeutics. In particular, vaccines against melanoma (the prototype model of tumor immunology in humans) can reproducibly induce cytotoxic T cell (CTL) responses exquisitely specific for cancer cells. This achievement trespasses the specificity of any other anti-cancer therapy. The skeptics, on the other end, might point out that immunization only rarely leads to cancer regression, labeling, therefore, this approach is ineffective. In our opinion this judgment stems from the naïve expectation that CTL induction is sufficient for an effective immune response. Here we propose that more needs to be understood about the mechanisms required for the induction of a therapeutically relevant immune response in humans. In particular, we will discuss the variables related to cancer heterogeneity, the weight of individual patients' polymorphism(s), the role of the T cell activation and differentiation and, finally, the complex relationship between immune and cancer cells within the tumor microenvironment.","PeriodicalId":74860,"journal":{"name":"Springer seminars in immunopathology","volume":" ","pages":"105-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s00281-004-0198-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25087505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Immunological ignorance of solid tumors. 对实体瘤的免疫学无知。

Springer seminars in immunopathology Pub Date : 2005-06-01 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-004-0192-0

Adrian F Ochsenbein

{"title":"Immunological ignorance of solid tumors.","authors":"Adrian F Ochsenbein","doi":"10.1007/s00281-004-0192-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00281-004-0192-0","url":null,"abstract":"Many peripheral solid tumors such as sarcomas and carcinomas express tumor-specific antigens that can serve as targets for immune effector T cells. Nevertheless, the immune surveillance against clinically manifest carcinomas and sarcomas seems relatively inefficient. Naïve cytotoxic T cells are activated exclusively in secondary lymphoid organs including the spleen and lymph nodes. Tumor antigen might be either cross-presented to naïve cytotoxic T cells by professional antigen-presenting cells (pAPC), or presented directly by tumor cells that migrated to secondary lymphoid organs. Direct priming is quite inefficient during early tumor development because metastasis to lymphoid organs is usually limited to advanced stage diseases. Similarly, the process of cross-priming by pAPC seems to depend on relatively large antigen amounts and on maturation stimuli for dendritic cells, and both requirements may be limiting during initial tumorigenesis. Therefore, the immunosurveillance of solid tumors may fail because they are ignored for too long by the immune system. However, these situations may prove promising for the induction of tumor-specific T cell immunity by vaccination, as the T cell repertoire against these antigens has a naïve phenotype and is not yet affected by tolerance mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":74860,"journal":{"name":"Springer seminars in immunopathology","volume":"27 1","pages":"19-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s00281-004-0192-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9511542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 56

Valpha14 NKT cell-mediated anti-tumor responses and their clinical application. Valpha14 NKT细胞介导的抗肿瘤反应及其临床应用

Springer seminars in immunopathology Pub Date : 2005-06-01 Epub Date: 2005-01-14 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-004-0194-y

Ken-Ichiro Seino, Shin-Ichiro Fujii, Michishige Harada, Shinichiro Motohashi, Toshinori Nakayama, Takehiko Fujisawa, Masaru Taniguchi

引用次数: 21

The role of natural killer cells in tumor control--effectors and regulators of adaptive immunity. 自然杀伤细胞在肿瘤控制中的作用——适应性免疫的效应器和调节剂。

Springer seminars in immunopathology Pub Date : 2005-06-01 Epub Date: 2005-02-24 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-004-0195-x

Morgan E Wallace, Mark J Smyth

引用次数: 86

Tumor immunity via homeostatic T cell proliferation: mechanistic aspects and clinical perspectives. 肿瘤免疫通过稳态T细胞增殖:机制方面和临床观点。

Springer seminars in immunopathology Pub Date : 2005-06-01 Epub Date: 2005-01-22 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-004-0196-9

Roberto Baccala, Rosana Gonzalez-Quintial, Wolfgang Dummer, Argyrios N Theofilopoulos

{"title":"Tumor immunity via homeostatic T cell proliferation: mechanistic aspects and clinical perspectives.","authors":"Roberto Baccala, Rosana Gonzalez-Quintial, Wolfgang Dummer, Argyrios N Theofilopoulos","doi":"10.1007/s00281-004-0196-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00281-004-0196-9","url":null,"abstract":"Efforts to develop effective anti-tumor immunotherapies are hampered by the difficulty of overcoming tolerance against tumor antigens, which in most instances are normal gene products that are over-expressed, preferentially expressed or re-expressed in cancer cells. Considering that lymphopenia-induced homeostatic T cell proliferation is mediated by self-peptide/MHC recognition and that the expanded cells acquire some effector functions, we hypothesized that this process could be used to break tolerance against tumor antigens. Studies by us and others in several mouse models demonstrated that availability of tumor antigens during homeostatic T cell proliferation indeed leads to effective anti-tumor autoimmunity with specificity and memory. This effect appears to be mediated by reduction in the activation threshold of low-affinity tumor-specific T cells, leading to their preferential engagement and expansion. In its simplicity, this approach is likely to have application in humans, since it relies on conventional lymphopenia-inducing cancer therapies, infusion of autologous lymphocytes and, optimally, tumor-specific vaccination.","PeriodicalId":74860,"journal":{"name":"Springer seminars in immunopathology","volume":" ","pages":"75-85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s00281-004-0196-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25087915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 31

Telomerase reverse transcriptase as target for anti-tumor T cell responses in humans. 端粒酶逆转录酶作为人类抗肿瘤T细胞反应的靶点。

Springer seminars in immunopathology Pub Date : 2005-06-01 Epub Date: 2005-02-15 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-004-0197-8

Maurizio Zanetti, Xavier Hernandez, Pierre Langlade-Demoyen

引用次数: 12

Regulatory T cells. 调节性T细胞。

Springer seminars in immunopathology Pub Date : 2005-04-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-29678-2_5017

S. Sakaguchi

引用次数: 12

Human innate B cells: a link between host defense and autoimmunity? 人类先天性 B 细胞：宿主防御与自身免疫之间的联系？

Springer seminars in immunopathology Pub Date : 2005-03-01 Epub Date: 2005-01-05 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-004-0188-9

Eric C B Milner, Jennifer Anolik, Amedeo Cappione, Iñaki Sanz

引用次数: 0