Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany)最新文献

{"title":"Automated analysis of clinical interviews indicates altered head movements during social interactions in youth at clinical high-risk for psychosis.","authors":"Juliette Lozano-Goupil, Tina Gupta, Trevor F Williams, Amy E Pinkham, Claudia M Haase, Stewart A Shankman, Vijay A Mittal","doi":"10.1038/s41537-025-00627-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41537-025-00627-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alterations in social functioning are commonly observed in youth at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis. Previous research has focused on perception and interpretation of social stimuli. Assessments of social behavior have been limited and have typically been conducted using time-consuming, manual, and not always reliable methods. The current study aimed to characterize patterns of head movements, a critical feature of nonverbal social behavior, to determine alterations among CHR individuals, using novel automated tools. A total of 87 CHR and 90 healthy control youth completed video-recorded clinical interviews. Segments when participants were responding to questions were processed using an open-access machine learning-based head tracking program. This program extracted target variables such as total head movement, amplitude, and speed in each direction (x, y, and z). Relationships between head movement patterns and symptoms were then examined. Findings indicated that the CHR group exhibited the same amount of head movements as the control group, establishing that results did not reflect a more global deficit. Notably, the CHR group executed spontaneous head turns in side-to-side movements (such as the \"no\" gesture) at a significantly slower speed when compared to controls (U = 2860, p = 0019, d = -0.41). Slower side-to-side head movement was also associated with elevated clinician-rated scores of \"disorganized communication\" (r = -0.23), but not with other symptoms in the positive domain nor negative or depressive phenomenology. These findings provide new insights into alterations in social processes in individuals at CHR and highlight the promise of using automated tools to capture spontaneous head movements, thereby expanding the assessment of social behavior, communication, and applied social cognition.</p>","PeriodicalId":74758,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany)","volume":"11 1","pages":"81"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12106617/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxoplasma gondii associated with psychotic symptom load and cortisol in severe mental illness.","authors":"Dimitrios Andreou, Nils Eiel Steen, Kjetil Nordbø Jørgensen, Stener Nerland, Thor Ueland, Laura A Wortinger, Ina Drabløs, Tereza Calkova, Monica B E G Ormerod, Linn Sofie Sæther, Ole A Andreassen, Robert H Yolken, Ingrid Agartz","doi":"10.1038/s41537-025-00630-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41537-025-00630-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Toxoplasma gondii (TG) is a prevalent parasite that establishes lifelong latency after primary infection. TG has been linked to severe mental illness (SMI), potentially through dopamine dysregulation in the brain. There is a bidirectional interaction between dopamine and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, where dopamine may influence cortisol regulation and cortisol may affect dopamine release. We hypothesised that TG would be associated with elevated circulatory cortisol levels, increased severity of psychotic symptoms, and structural brain aberrations in SMI. Our study included 765 patients with SMI (515 with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and 250 with bipolar disorders) and 541 healthy controls (HC). TG immunoglobulin G seropositivity and circulatory cortisol concentrations were measured with immunoassays, and T1-weighted MRI scans were processed using FreeSurfer. Psychotic symptom scores were evaluated using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. In SMI, TG seropositivity was associated with higher cortisol levels (p = 0.002), but not in HC. Seropositive patients had lower total psychotic symptom scores (p = 0.006) than seronegative patients, driven by the schizophrenia subgroup (p = 0.002). This effect was observed for positive, negative, and general psychotic symptom scores, but only for patients with an illness duration of 10 years or more. In an exploratory analysis, TG seropositivity was nominally associated with smaller thalamus, nucleus accumbens, and middle temporal volumes in SMI, and with smaller fusiform, parahippocampal, and pars triangularis volumes in HC. In conclusion, TG exposure in SMI was linked to elevated cortisol levels and reduced psychotic symptom scores, suggesting that its impact on SMI may be more complex and context-dependent than previously assumed.</p>","PeriodicalId":74758,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany)","volume":"11 1","pages":"80"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12106729/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144152179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic well-being and its association with family caregiving experiences of households affected by schizophrenia in China.","authors":"Dan Wang, Yilu Li, Dan Qiu, Qiuyan Wu, Zixuan Tang, Chengcheng Zhang, Anyan Ni, Shuiyuan Xiao","doi":"10.1038/s41537-025-00623-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41537-025-00623-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to assess the household income, consumption, catastrophic health expenditure, and financial distress of people living with schizophrenia (PLS) households and examine the association between economic well-being and family caregiving experiences. A multi-site, cross-sectional survey was conducted in four cities across China with measures of household economic status and caregiving experiences. Linear regression analyses were used to determine the association between economic well-being and family caregiving experiences. A total of 493 PLS households were included in the analysis. In China, PLS Household income has been extremely low, as well as household consumption. Half of the PLS households has per capita incomes below half the national average in China. Overall, 23.3% of PLS household report catastrophic health expenditure and 58.6% of households perceived the financial situation is poor/very poor. In facing with financial difficulty, 38.7% of PLS household adopt at least one of cost-minimization and cost-management coping strategies. Household income was positively associated with caregiver rewarding feeling and negatively associated with caregiving burden. Household with catastrophic health expenditure, using financial coping strategies and subjective poor financial situation reported higher level of caregiving burden and affiliate stigma. The support for PLS families need to break through the traditional \"medical-centered\" intervention model, with economic empowerment as the core, integrating financial security, employment support, psychological services, and social welfare networks, and building a three-level system of \"prevention alleviation development\". This can not only improve patient prognosis but also break the vicious cycle of \"mental illness poverty\" and help families achieve long-term well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":74758,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany)","volume":"11 1","pages":"79"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12102302/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144133383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Body fluid biomarkers and psychosis risk in The Accelerating Medicines Partnership® Schizophrenia Program: design considerations.","authors":"Diana O Perkins, Clark D Jeffries, Scott R Clark, Rachel Upthegrove, Cassandra M J Wannan, Naomi R Wray, Qingqin S Li, Kim Q Do, Elaine Walker, G Paul Amminger, Alan Anticevic, David Cotter, Lauren M Ellman, David Mongan, Christina Phassouliotis, Jenna Barbee, Sharin Roth, Tashrif Billah, Cheryl Corcoran, Monica E Calkins, Felecia Cerrato, Ines Khadimallah, Paul Klauser, Inge Winter-van Rossum, Angela R Nunez, Rachel S Bleggi, Alicia R Martin, Sylvain Bouix, Ofer Pasternak, Jai L Shah, Catherine Toben, Daniel H Wolf, Rene S Kahn, John M Kane, Patrick D McGorry, Carrie E Bearden, Barnaby Nelson, Martha E Shenton, Scott W Woods","doi":"10.1038/s41537-025-00610-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41537-025-00610-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Advances in proteomic assay methodologies and genomics have significantly improved our understanding of the blood proteome. Schizophrenia and psychosis risk are linked to polygenic scores for schizophrenia and other mental disorders, as well as to altered blood and saliva levels of biomarkers involved in hormonal signaling, redox balance, and chronic systemic inflammation. The Accelerating Medicines Partnership® Schizophrenia (AMP®SCZ) aims to ascertain biomarkers that both predict clinical outcomes and provide insights into the biological processes driving clinical outcomes in persons meeting CHR criteria. AMP®SCZ will follow almost 2000 CHR and 640 community study participants for two years, assessing biomarkers at baseline and two-month follow-up including the collection of blood and saliva samples. The following provides the rationale and methods for plans to utilize polygenic risk scores for schizophrenia and other disorders, salivary cortisol levels, and a discovery-based proteomic platform for plasma analyses. We also provide details about the standardized methods used to collect and store these biological samples, as well as the study participant metadata and quality control measures related to preanalytical factors that could influence the values of the biomarkers. Finally, we discuss our plans for analyzing the results of blood- and saliva-based biomarkers. Watch Dr. Perkins discuss their work and this article: https://vimeo.com/1062879582?share=copy#t=0 .</p>","PeriodicalId":74758,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany)","volume":"11 1","pages":"78"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12095529/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144121641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"I fear you're getting too close: neural correlates of personal space violation in paranoia.","authors":"Mélodie Derome, Frauke Conring, Nicole Gangl, Adamantini Hatzipanayioti, Florian Wüthrich, Maximilian Rüter, Stephanie Lefebvre, Sebastian Walther, Katharina Stegmayer","doi":"10.1038/s41537-025-00625-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41537-025-00625-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Increased personal space (PS) is a clinically relevant marker for paranoia. Neuroimaging evidence suggested limbic and prefrontal circuit alterations related to threat processing and emotion regulation (i.e., amygdala, fronto-parietal cortex). We hypothesize that patients with paranoia will respond with altered activation in PS-relevant brain areas (i.e., limbic regions, fronto-parietal cortex) toward personal space intrusion. We included 79 participants with various degrees of paranoia severity; 49 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia and 30 controls. In this fMRI study, participants passively viewed pictures of facial expressions in approaching, static, or retracting motions. Violation of PS was modelled with the approaching faces condition. We used firstly a cut off to separate patients in high and low paranoia, and secondly the continuous variations of paranoia severity to understand the full picture. While participants were passively watching faces approaching them in contrast to static faces, group comparison revealed that patients with high paranoia showed hypoactivity mainly in the OFC when compared to patients with low paranoia, and hypoactivity in dlPFC and dPCC when compared to controls. Further, paranoia severity was positively associated with activation of the right hippocampus. Altered neural activity in the OFC, dlPFC, and hippocampus may well reflect the neural responses to the paranoid experience of threat and provide evidence for the hypothesized association between limbic dysfunction and paranoid threat. Modelling of paranoia severity captures variance in neural response to approaching threat, which may be previously undetected due to heterogeneity when examined at the group level.</p>","PeriodicalId":74758,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany)","volume":"11 1","pages":"77"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12092760/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144113023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Delusion-like thinking is associated with lower individual alpha peak frequency.","authors":"Luca Tarasi, Domenico Romanazzi, Anna Pasini, Vincenzo Romei","doi":"10.1038/s41537-025-00626-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41537-025-00626-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Schizophrenia and schizotypy are understood to lie along a continuum of neurophysiological and cognitive features, yet the specific neural markers bridging clinical and subclinical manifestations have remained underexplored. In our study (N = 318), we found that reduced Individual Alpha Frequency (IAF)-previously established as a neural marker in schizophrenia-features magical thinking trait in schizotypy. This finding broadens the relevance of IAF to subclinical populations linking it to delusion-like thinking in schizotypy and suggests its potential as a transdiagnostic indicator across the schizophrenia spectrum.</p>","PeriodicalId":74758,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany)","volume":"11 1","pages":"76"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12089434/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144102382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathways between childhood trauma, clinical symptoms, and functioning in new-onset psychosis: novel insights from a network analysis approach.","authors":"Dimitrios Kiakos, Luis Alameda, Ines Lepreux, Caroline Conchon, Livia Alerci, Marianna Gorgellino, Nadir Mebdouhi, Teya Petrova, Philippe Golay, Lilith Abrahamyan Empson, Philippe Conus, Sandra Vieira","doi":"10.1038/s41537-025-00620-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41537-025-00620-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Childhood trauma (CT) has been linked to various domains of outcomes in individuals with new-onset psychosis, but the intricate relationships between different types of trauma, clinical symptoms, and functioning remain poorly understood. The aim of this study was to identify patterns of relationships between these three domains in first-episode psychosis (FEP). The study sample consisted of 277 patients from the Treatment and Early Intervention in Psychosis Program (TIPP) at Lausanne University Hospital. Symptom severity was assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), functioning was evaluated with an adapted version of the general subscale of the Premorbid Adjustment Scale (PAS), and the five most common CT experiences (sexual, physical and emotional abuse; physical and emotional neglect) was measured using a tailored questionnaire. Data from early assessments (2 and 6 months after admission) were used for analysis. A network model was fitted to estimate the shortest pathways linking different types of CT to various domains of functioning. Our findings revealed two distinct pathways connecting CT to functioning. One pathway influenced occupational functioning through sexual abuse and depression, while another pathway affected socio-personal functioning through physical neglect and stereotyped thinking. Our results suggest that distinct disease phenotypes could be differentially associated with CT and functioning in individuals with new-onset psychosis. This study contributes to the growing evidence supporting the existence of multiple distinct pathways to psychosis, each linked to a different clinical phenotype.</p>","PeriodicalId":74758,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany)","volume":"11 1","pages":"75"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12081628/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144082734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased face perception in individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis: mechanisms, sex differences, and clinical correlates.","authors":"Tanya Tran, Brian P Keane, Judy L Thompson, Ben Robinson, Joshua Kenney, Trevor F Williams, James A Waltz, Jason A Levin, Eren Kafadar, James M Gold, Jason Schiffman, Lauren M Ellman, Elaine F Walker, Gregory P Strauss, Vijay A Mittal, Richard E Zinbarg, Philip R Corlett, Albert R Powers, Scott W Woods, Steven M Silverstein","doi":"10.1038/s41537-025-00624-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41537-025-00624-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Altered visual perception has been observed across all phases of psychotic illness, suggesting that perceptual measures might be useful in identifying people at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR). In a preliminary study, we found that CHR participants reported perceiving more faces in binarized human portraits on the Mooney Faces Test (MFT). Here, we aimed to replicate these findings and extend understanding of underlying processes and clinical correlates of MFT performance in the Computerized Assessment of Psychosis Risk (CAPR) cohort: CHR (n = 159), help-seeking psychiatric controls (n = 130), and healthy controls (n = 86). The MFT was adapted to include three image conditions (upright, inverted, and scrambled), and included follow-up questions regarding the physical characteristics of the faces that participants reported perceiving, to verify accuracy of perception and assess response bias. The CHR group reported more faces than both control groups in the inverted and scrambled conditions. In addition, the CHR group was as accurate at judging the age and gender of faces as the other groups. Among CHR participants, increased reporting of faces in the inverted condition was significantly correlated with more severe positive symptoms and poorer role functioning. We discuss the findings in terms of multiple perspectives, including changes in perceptual sensitivity, predictive coding, and perceptual organization.</p>","PeriodicalId":74758,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany)","volume":"11 1","pages":"74"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12069608/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144031507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Symptomatic and cognitive effects of D-amino acid oxidase inhibitors in patients with schizophrenia: a meta-analysis of double-blind randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Chun-Hung Chang, Yu-Der Hsia, Wen-Chun Liu, Jia-Hau Lee, Chieh-Hsin Lin, Hsien-Yuan Lane","doi":"10.1038/s41537-025-00604-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41537-025-00604-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>D-amino acid oxidase inhibitors (DAOI) have demonstrated potential therapeutic benefits for schizophrenia and cognitive impairment; however, existing studies present conflicting results. This meta-analysis aimed to assess the symptomatic and cognitive effects of DAOI on the treatment of schizophrenia. An electronic search was conducted using PubMed, Cochrane Systematic Reviews, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Clinical Trials for double-blinded, randomized controlled trials evaluating DAOI for the treatment of schizophrenia. Published trials up to November 2024 were included in the analysis. A random-effects model was employed to pool data for comparing the treatment effects of DAOI. Participants diagnosed with schizophrenia were recruited. Clinical and cognitive improvements were compared between baseline and post-DAOI treatment using standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Heterogeneity across the trials was assessed through funnel plots and the I² statistic. A total of five trials with 530 participants met the inclusion criteria. Four trials utilized sodium benzoate, while one trial employed luvadaxistat. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was used in all studies to evaluate clinical symptoms, with four studies also assessed cognitive function. This analysis highlighted that DAOI surpassed the comparator in reducing the scores of PANSS total (SMD = -0.270, P = 0.035), PANSS positive (SMD = -0.399, P = 0.022), PANSS negative (SMD = -0.171, P = 0.026), and PANSS general psychopathology (SMD = -0.180, P = 0.019). Subgroup analyses identified significant effects in trials using sodium benzoate (SMD = 0.368, P = 0.021). Moreover, DAOI showed greater improvements in cognitive functions (SMD = 0.359, P = 0.017), with a better effect correlated with more female participants. The findings of this meta-analysis suggest that DAOI may be effective in improving clinical symptoms and cognitive function in patients with schizophrenia. Further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to confirm these results.</p>","PeriodicalId":74758,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany)","volume":"11 1","pages":"73"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12056046/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144058575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alterations and potential associations of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on body weight in stable schizophrenic patients.","authors":"Wenxi Sun, Jing Chen, Xiaoyun Dai, Lihong Chao, Chuanwei Li, Longjun Zhu, Xiuxia Wang, Xiaobin Zhang, Xiangdong Du, Guangya Zhang","doi":"10.1038/s41537-025-00621-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41537-025-00621-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although antipsychotic medications are effective in managing schizophrenia (SCZ), there are still no effective strategies or preventive measures to address the weight gain associated with the long-term use of these medications. We performed a single-blind, randomized, sham-controlled clinical trial to explore the efficacy of noninvasive high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) technology in reducing body weight in patients with SCZ. Fifty-three obese patients with chronic stable SCZ (BMI ≥30 kg/m²) completed a 4-week intervention study. The primary outcomes were the changes in body weight and body mass index (BMI) before and after the rTMS intervention. Secondary outcomes included changes in psychiatric symptoms, cognitive function, and routine blood indicators before and after the rTMS intervention. Significant changes in weight and BMI were found before and after the rTMS intervention in the active stimulation group (mean change = -2.25 kg, P < 0.01; mean change = -0.08, P < 0.001). Weight and BMI decreased significantly more in the active stimulation group compared to the sham stimulation group 4 weeks after the intervention (all P < 0.05). In the active stimulation group, immediate memory, attention, and delayed memory were significantly elevated before and after the rTMS intervention (P < 0.001). Delayed memory was more significantly elevated in the active stimulation group relative to the sham stimulation group 4 weeks after the intervention (P < 0.05). In the active stimulation group, weight change was significantly correlated with attention change and cognitive total score change (all P < 0.05). In the active stimulation group, BMI change was significantly associated with attention change and cognitive total score change (all P < 0.05). Our findings indicate that high-frequency rTMS could serve as a potential method for reducing body weight in obese patients with chronic stable SCZ.</p>","PeriodicalId":74758,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany)","volume":"11 1","pages":"72"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12038032/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144058686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}