Revista brasileira de ginecologia e obstetricia : revista da Federacao Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetricia最新文献

{"title":"Association between coronavirus 2 infection and preeclampsia among unvaccinated women.","authors":"Mariliza Henrique, Luis Carlos Machado, Carla Gianna Luppi, Vanessa de Oliveira Maciel, Caio Carrete Mazzei, Jessica Macedo Lemos, Marcelo Luis Steiner","doi":"10.61622/rbgo/2025rbgo36","DOIUrl":"10.61622/rbgo/2025rbgo36","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the association between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19) infection and preeclampsia (PE); to verify whether the strength of the association differs according to the infection onset (trimester of pregnancy).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective cross-sectional study. Included women giving birth at a public hospital in Brazil from July 2020 to January 2021. All women were offered testing for COVID-19 during birth; they were also offered to test during prenatal care if symptomatics or contactants. Excluded women not tested. Compared the frequency of PE as well as of PE superimposed to chronic hypertension (PESCH) in women with versus without infection. Associations were accessed using bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 1,575 women included, 288 (18.3%) had infection, 53 (3.4%) had PE, and 32 (2.1%) had PESCH. In univariate analysis, infection was significantly associated with PE, but not with PESCH. We then considered only PE as the outcome. The multivariable model included PE, infection, primigravida, fewer than seven prenatal visits. We found association between infection and PE, adjusted odds ratio 2.1; p=0.017. Women infected in the first trimester had a higher frequency of PE than those with infections in the second/third trimester, suggesting a temporal sequence, but the difference wasn't significant (p=0.054).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our data suggests association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and PE without chronic hypertension. The greater frequency of PE in women who had infection in the first trimester suggests a temporal sequence, but the small numbers are a limitation. Studies with larger samples are welcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":74699,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de ginecologia e obstetricia : revista da Federacao Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetricia","volume":"47 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12266866/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144651467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accuracy of self-collection versus cervical sampling for the molecular diagnosis of <i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i> and <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i> in women attending gynecological services.","authors":"Gabriela Vasco, Cecilia Cruz, Paterson Peñaherrera, Katherine Tipán, Sandy Pila, Karol Guzmán, Marisol Cabascango, Katherine Logacho, Patricio Jácome","doi":"10.61622/rbgo/2025rbgo31","DOIUrl":"10.61622/rbgo/2025rbgo31","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Successful measures to address the increasing prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) require practical and accessible education and detection programs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The ability to detect <i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i> and <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i> may be hindered by a lack of adherence to proper cervical sampling. To address this, we compared the sensitivity and specificity of self-obtained samplings, such as self-collection and first-catch urine samples, to cervical samples taken by a practitioner using the nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) cobas^® 4800 for <i>C. trachomatis</i> and <i>N. gonorrhoeae</i> in 244 women attending gynecological services in Quito, Ecuador. Regardless of sampling method, only 12 patients tested positive for <i>C. trachomatis</i> (4.9% prevalence, 95% CI 2.8 to 8.4%), and no samples tested positive for <i>N. gonorrhoeae</i>.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis revealed that self-collection was 100% sensitive (95% CI 66.4% to 100.0%) and 100% specific (95% CI 98.25%-100%), and first-catch urine was 90% sensitive (95% CI 55.5% to 99.8%), and 99% specific (95% CI 96.5% to 99.9%) compared to cervical brushing for the detection of <i>C. trachomatis</i>. No symptoms were associated with a positive <i>C. trachomatis</i> result, highlighting the need for testing even in asymptomatic patients. Furthermore, having a stable intimate relationship in the past year was associated with a negative result for <i>C. trachomatis</i> (χ² 14.01, <i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates the feasibility and reliability of self-collection and first-catch urine samples as alternative methods for detecting <i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i> and has practical implications for improving STI detection and management programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":74699,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de ginecologia e obstetricia : revista da Federacao Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetricia","volume":"47 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12266874/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144651465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early preeclampsia is associated with persistence of hypertension 3 months postpartum in women: an observational study at a tertiary hospital in Brazil.","authors":"Gustavo Moleiro Tallarico, Priscila Oliveira Barbosa, Luiz Sérgio Lima-Junior, Ricardo Carvalho Cavalli","doi":"10.61622/rbgo/2025rbgo38","DOIUrl":"10.61622/rbgo/2025rbgo38","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the persistence of hypertension at three months postpartum in women who experienced preeclampsia during pregnancy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective observational study at Hospital das Clínicas de Ribeirão Preto, Brazil, included 24 women. Blood pressure measurements and/or antihypertensive use were assessed, alongside risk factors such as body mass index (BMI), heart rate, lipid profile and C-reactive protein (CRP). Data on demographic, obstetric and lifestyle factors were also collected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 24 postpartum women enrolled in this study, 15 (62.5%) of participants remained hypertensive three months after delivery. Women with early-onset preeclampsia had a 2.36-fold increased risk of persistent hypertension at three months postpartum. No significant differences were found among risk factors for persistent hypertension.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results indicate a high prevalence of persistent hypertension in women with preeclampsia in Brazil. The findings highlight the need for extended monitoring specially in early onset preeclampsia and targeted lifestyle interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":74699,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de ginecologia e obstetricia : revista da Federacao Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetricia","volume":"47 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12266848/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144651474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathophysiological mechanisms in severe preeclampsia: role of upregulated proteins in blood pressure, extracellular matrix and immunity.","authors":"Caroline Cristina Pinto-Souza, Julyane Natsumi Saito Kaihara, Bruno César Rossini, Ricardo de Carvalho Cavalli, Lucilene Delazari Dos Santos, Valéria Cristina Sandrim","doi":"10.61622/rbgo/2025rbgo54","DOIUrl":"10.61622/rbgo/2025rbgo54","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to compare the plasma protein profiles between 7 preeclampsia patients with severe features (PE+) and 7 preeclampsia patients without severe features (PE-) and 10 healthy pregnancies (HP); identify differentially expressed proteins among these groups and explore the altered signaling pathways and their association with the severity of this cardiovascular condition.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Plasma proteins were quantified using mass spectrometry, followed by comprehensive bioinformatics and statistical analyses. Protein identification and annotation were performed using UniProt and PatternLab for Proteomics. Multivariate statistical analyses, including PLS-DA and sPLS-DA, as well as VIP score evaluation and Volcano plot visualization, were conducted with MetaboAnalyst to assess group separation and identify key discriminative features. Functional enrichment and pathway analyses were carried out using Metascape.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Using a fold change and volcano plot validation of 1.2, comparisons between HP and PE+ revealed that proteins such as AMBP (inter-alpha trypsin inhibitor light chain), VTN (vitronectin), CLU (clusterin), F2 (prothrombin), and PZP (pregnancy zone protein) were upregulated in PE+. Conversely, ITIH4 (inter-alpha trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H4), APOL1 (apolipoprotein 1) and SERPIND1 (heparin cofactor II) were downregulated in PE+ relative to HP. When comparing HP with PE-, SERPINA3 (alpha-1-antichymotrypsin) and HBB (hemoglobin subunit beta) were downregulated in PE-. Between PE- and PE+, APCS (serum amyloid P component) and HBB were upregulated in PE+; whereas SERPINC1 (antithrombin), PSG1 (pregnancy-specific beta-1-glycoprotein 1), ITIH4, and C5 (complement C5) were downregulated in PE+ compared to PE-.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings offer valuable insights into the different pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the two subgroups of PE. The upregulated proteins in PE+ (AMBP, VTN, CLU, F2, PZP, APCS, and HBB) play key roles in regulating blood pressure, modulating the extracellular matrix and influencing immune responses. Overall, this research deepens our understanding of the complexity and clinical significance of PE.</p>","PeriodicalId":74699,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de ginecologia e obstetricia : revista da Federacao Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetricia","volume":"47 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12266872/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144651483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling the frequency of intestinal constipation in woman with urinary incontinence: a descriptive observational study.","authors":"Bruna Isadora Thomé, Karoleen Oswald Scharan, Gisela Maria Assis, Auristela Duarte de Lima Moser","doi":"10.61622/rbgo/2025rbgo42","DOIUrl":"10.61622/rbgo/2025rbgo42","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To identify the frequency of functional constipation in women with urinary incontinence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional, quantitative, descriptive, and exploratory study was conducted from September 2019 to January 2020 with 227 women (over 18 years old) at the <i>Hospital de Clínicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná</i>. A structured form collected sociodemographic and general health data, while bowel habits were assessed using the Rome IV criteria, the Bristol Stool Scale, and the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire - Short Form (ICIQ-SF). Comparisons between women with and without constipation involved χ², Fisher's Exact, Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney U, and univariate logistic regression was performed to assess the association between sociodemographic/personal factors and the risk factor constipation. All women had a clinical diagnosis of urinary incontinence, and the analysis also compared those with and without constipation. Odds ratios and their respective 95% confidence intervals were estimated for each univariate model. A 5% significance level was adopted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The participants had a median age of 62 years (range 23-97). Functional constipation was identified in 80.2%(n=182), and mixed urinary incontinence was predominant in this group (88.5%, n=161). Physical activity emerged as a protective factor against constipation (OR=0.47; 95% CI=0.22-1.01; p=0.05), though only 22.5%(n=41) reported regular exercise. Conclusion: The high frequency of functional constipation in women with urinary incontinence highlights a significant impact on quality of life and underscores the importance of integrated, conservative therapeutic strategies, including early lifestyle interventions such as regular physical activity, to prevent worsening of both conditions. Longitudinal investigations are recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":74699,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de ginecologia e obstetricia : revista da Federacao Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetricia","volume":"47 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12266868/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144651489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vaginal estrogen therapy for treatment of menopausal genitourinary syndrome among breast cancer survivors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Gabriel Moreira Lima Santos, Augusto Ostermann Magalhães, Pedro do Valle Teichmann, Maria Celeste Osório Wender","doi":"10.61622/rbgo/2025rbgo46","DOIUrl":"10.61622/rbgo/2025rbgo46","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Assess survival outcomes and risk of recurrence in vaginal estrogen therapy (VET) users with medical history of breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Data source: </strong>The search strategy was guided by standardized terms and keywords were identified from controlled vocabularies. Following databases were used for literature search: Pubmed, EMBASE, Cochrane, Scopus and Web of Science. Only studies published in the 21st century (2001-present) and written in English were included.</p><p><strong>Study selection: </strong>A total of 988 records were reviewed by two independent authors. After full-text analysis of 38 of them, 7 articles were included in the meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Data collection: </strong>Data from eligible studies were extracted and tabulated based on predefined criteria: author, country, year, study type, sample size, type of intervention, use of aromatase inhibitors, duration of follow-up, and main outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>118.659 breast cancer survivors were analyzed, of whom 6.358 were treated with VET. The overall analysis showed no significant increase in the risk of recurrence (RR = 0.87, 95%CI: 0.67-1.11). VET users had a significant reduction in all-cause mortality (RR = 0.80, IC95%: 0.75-0,86).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Vaginal estrogen therapy appears to be safe in the management of menopausal genitourinary syndrome in breast cancer survivors and it is related to significantly lower all-cause mortality.</p><p><strong>Prospective register of systematic reviews prospero: </strong>CRD42024602047.</p>","PeriodicalId":74699,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de ginecologia e obstetricia : revista da Federacao Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetricia","volume":"47 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12266873/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144651490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early menarche and current nutritional status of the adolescents from a birth cohort.","authors":"Isabela Carolyne de Melo Costa, Maria Teresa Seabra Soares de Britto E Alves, Ana Cleide Vieira, Camila Maria Santos de Sá, Natália Carvalho Fonsêca, Jéssica Mendes Costa de Freitas Santos, Judith Rafaelle Oliveira Pinho, Deysianne Costa das Chagas","doi":"10.61622/rbgo/2025rbgo28","DOIUrl":"10.61622/rbgo/2025rbgo28","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the association between early menarche and the nutritional status of the adolescents from the RPS - Brazilian Birth Cohorts Consortium (Ribeirão Preto, Pelotas and São Luís) birth cohort in São Luís, Maranhão.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A longitudinal study with data from the first and third follow-up of the cohort was conducted. A total of 1,225 adolescents aged 18 to 19 years were surveyed and analyzed for age at menarche, defined as early if <12 years old, and for the variable body mass index (BMI) for age, classified into z-scores by sex, as underweight (z-score <-2), adequate weight (z-score ≥-2 and ≤+1), and excess weight (z-score >+1). Directed acyclic graphs were constructed using the DAGitty^® program to select confounding variables for adjustment. Multinomial logistic regression adjusted for confounding variables such as parental obesity (yes or no), skin color (white or non-white), and birth weight (low birth weight, adequate birth weight, and high birth weight) was used to assess the association between early menarche and nutritional status. Statistical analyses were performed using STATA 15.0 software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of the 1,225 adolescents investigated, 32.6% experienced early menarche, and the majority had a BMI appropriate for their age (75.2%). Among adolescents with early menarche, 28.3% were classified as excess weight for their age. Multinomial logistic regression revealed an association between early menarche and excess weight (OR = 1.80; 95% CI = 1.21-2.69; p-value = 0.004).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Thus, the results indicate an association between the occurrence of early menarche and excess weight in the investigated adolescents.</p>","PeriodicalId":74699,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de ginecologia e obstetricia : revista da Federacao Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetricia","volume":"47 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12266849/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144651473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal and perinatal characteristics associated with congenital anomalies: a case-control study.","authors":"Andreia Helena Scandolara, Raquel Maiéli Bagatini, Ana Luiza Goulart Starck, Ricardo Babinski Bregonde, Claudicéia Risso Pascotto, Fernando Rodrigo Treco, Alessandro Rodrigues Perondi, Lirane Elize Defante Ferreto","doi":"10.61622/rbgo/2025rbgo44","DOIUrl":"10.61622/rbgo/2025rbgo44","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to identify the patterns and factors associated with congenital anomalies in newborns from a tertiary hospital maternity ward.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A case-control study was conducted at the Hospital Regional do Sudoeste Walter Alberto Pecóits in Francisco Beltrão (PR), between December 2023 and September 2024. Among the 1,400 births that occurred in the hospital's delivery room between December 1, 2023, and the end of September 2024, 37 newborns (2.6%) with congenital anomalies were identified during the study period. A total of 37 case mothers and 120 controls were included (a ratio of approximately 1:3). The sociodemographic variables included maternal age, residence, marital status, race, education level, family income, and maternal occupation. The behavioral variables considered smoking, alcohol consumption, and the use of drugs or medications during pregnancy. The fetal variables included the number of pregnancies, gestational age, type of delivery, miscarriage, Apgar score, birth weight, sex, fetal status, congenital anomalies, and the number of prenatal visits, with a minimum of six (one in the first trimester, two in the second, and three in the third), following the Ministry of Health guidelines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 1,400 live births, 37 cases of congenital anomalies were identified (2.6%, 95% CI: 1.80-3.48), while the control group included 120 women with newborns without congenital anomalies. Among cases, isolated anomalies were most common (62.2%), predominantly affecting the cardiovascular system (27.0%), followed by recognized syndromes (21.6%) and multiple malformations (16.2%). Data were collected through face-to-face interviews and medical record reviews. Bivariate analysis revealed significant associations between congenital anomalies and a family history of congenital anomalies (p = 0.02), low apgar scores at the 1st and 5th minutes (p < 0.01), and fetal status at birth (p < 0.01). Model 1, which integrates family history of congenital anomalies, apgar score at the 5th minute, and fetal status, showed the best predictive fit, consistent with previous findings. Bayesian logistic regression highlighted this model with the lowest AIC (295.98) and BIC (326.22) values, achieving 89% predictive accuracy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results reinforce the importance of family history and neonatal vitality in the context of congenital anomalies, indicating the need for future studies to confirm these findings and improve prevention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":74699,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de ginecologia e obstetricia : revista da Federacao Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetricia","volume":"47 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12266867/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144651482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Asthma and pregnancy.","authors":"Renato Teixeira Souza, Inessa Beraldo de Andrade Bonomi, Carlos Alberto Maganha, Elton Carlos Ferreira, Sara Tossa Gomes Solha, Janete Vetorazzi, Rosiane Mattar, Regina Maria de Carvalho-Pinto, Thiago Prudente Bártholo, Lilian Serrasqueiro Ballini Caetano","doi":"10.61622/rbgo/2025FPS5","DOIUrl":"10.61622/rbgo/2025FPS5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>•Asthma is the most common lung disease during pregnancy and its diagnosis is determined in the same way in pregnant and non-pregnant women. •Spirometry is a simple test used to confirm and monitor the disease, and has no contraindications for use during pregnancy both in the pre- and post-bronchodilator phase. •The control of asthma before pregnancy is the main predictor of disease severity during pregnancy. Other predictors of asthma attacks include smoking, overweight and obesity. •Inadvertent interruption of maintenance medication is one of the factors most associated with exacerbation and complications related to asthma during pregnancy. •In general, treatment of pregnant women with asthma should be similar to that of non-pregnant women. Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are the main medication to achieve and maintain control of the disease during pregnancy. •Corticosteroids prescribed for maintenance treatment of chronic asthma have no effect on accelerating fetal maturity. The usual protocol should be used when this acceleration is necessary. •Moderate asthma exacerbation includes at least one of the following criteria: 1) worsening of respiratory symptoms; 2) worsening of lung function; 3) increased use of inhaled pump medication (e.g., salbutamol; at least two-day duration). •Severe asthma exacerbation includes at least one of the following criteria: 1) use of systemic corticosteroids or increased dose of maintenance oral corticosteroids for at least three days; 2) hospitalization or visit to the emergency room (ER) due to asthma requiring the use of systemic corticosteroids. •Asthma does not normally affect labor or the choice of delivery route.</p>","PeriodicalId":74699,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de ginecologia e obstetricia : revista da Federacao Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetricia","volume":"47 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12266862/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144651468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome.","authors":"Claudia Cristina Takano Novoa, Mila Torii Correa Leite, Marair Gracio Ferreira Sartori","doi":"10.61622/rbgo/2025FPS4","DOIUrl":"10.61622/rbgo/2025FPS4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>•Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome (MRKH) is the leading cause of vaginal agenesis. •It is characterized by primary amenorrhea with typical adrenarche and telarche and may be associated with congenital urological and skeletal conditions that should be investigated. •Differential diagnoses include: vaginal obstructions (imperforate hymen, distal vaginal atresia, transverse vaginal septum), uterine obstructions (cervical atresia), and differences in sexual development (gonadal dysgenesis, complete androgen insensitivity and congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to CYP17 deficiency). •Laboratory tests (testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone [FSH] and karyotype) and radiological tests (pelvic ultrasound and MRI) are necessary. •Vaginal dilation is the first line of treatment with high success rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":74699,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de ginecologia e obstetricia : revista da Federacao Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetricia","volume":"47 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12097440/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144129535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}