Agrarian science最新文献

{"title":"Paeonia tenuifolia L. and Paeonia biebersteiniana (Rupr.) monitoring in nature and culture","authors":"E. N. Seliverstova","doi":"10.32634/0869-8155-2023-376-11-112-116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32634/0869-8155-2023-376-11-112-116","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the research is to monitor rare species of narrow–leaved peony (Raeopia tenuifolia L.) and Biberstein peony (R. biebersteiniana (Rupr.) in places of natural growth – at the foot of Mount Strizhament and on the western slope of the Nedremanny ridge (from the side of the farm of the Novokavkaz Stavropol Territory) (in 2008–2022) – and culture. Monitoring showed that the composition and structure of the steppe cenosis were changed by grazing farm animals, digging and collecting bouquets. The initial stage of pasture degression occurs. The population of the narrow – leaved peony varies from 10 to 25 pcs/m². At the same time, the total number of the species is decreasing. The age spectrum is changing towards a decrease in young plants, in particular juvenile plants, more plants are in the generative phase. Seedlings and young plants decreased by half during the observations – from 38 to 19%, at that time no prussic individuals were found. The population is still self-regenerating due to annual seed-bearing. The occurrence of Biberstein peony plants is from 3 to 19 pcs/m2. The population is also self–healing, the projective coverage is up to 80%. But there is also a tendency to decrease the proportion of young plants due to uncontrolled grazing (the foot of Mount Strizhament) and annual haymaking (the western slope of the Nedremanny ridge from the side of the Novokavkazsky farm). The narrow-leaved peony and the Biberstein peony are resistant to diseases and pests in the conditions of culture, reproduce vegetatively and by seeds, retain habit, and are very promising for gardening.","PeriodicalId":7465,"journal":{"name":"Agrarian science","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139237001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effectiveness of feeding the pancreas of pigs to calves of the weaning period of growing","authors":"V. N. Romanov, N. Bogolyubova, A. V. Mishurov, V. Devyatkin, R. Rykov","doi":"10.32634/0869-8155-2023-376-11-59-63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32634/0869-8155-2023-376-11-59-63","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. The study of the physiological effect of the pancreas, which is a slaughter waste, on the body of calves of early weaning during the formation of digestive activity of the gastrointestinal type to improve the adaptive capabilities of the body of calves is of scientific and practical interest.Methods. Scientific and production experience was carried out on calves of the weaning period for 90 days. The pancreas of pigs (pancreas) was fed, obtained from the waste of the slaughterhouse production, dried with the use of lyophilization. Calves – analogs by breed, age, live weight – were formed into two groups (n = 8), the animals of the experimental group were given a feed product at the rate of 40 mg/kg of live weight daily with compound feed with group loose content. Live weight accounting (n = 8) and analysis of biochemical and hematological composition of blood (n = 5) were carried out.Results. Higher live weight gains of calves treated with PHC were established with improvement of biochemical and hematological blood parameters (without negative aftereffect). With a tendency to increase the level of total protein due to the albumin fraction, a lower level of urea is also positive evidence of an improvement in nitrogen metabolism. Higher creatinine levels in combination with glucose and alkaline phosphatase levels characterize an increase in the availability of energy exchange processes in the body of calves under the influence of a feed product. Positive differences in the levels of phospholipids, triglycerides, cholesterol against the background of lower bilirubin levels indicate an improvement in lipid metabolism, but also (indirectly) lipotropic liver function. Positive trends have been established in hematological indicators of blood, higher levels of erythrocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit, lower levels of leukocytes.","PeriodicalId":7465,"journal":{"name":"Agrarian science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139236643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of lipid fraction of Black Soldier fly larvae on productivity, resistance and metabolic processes in milk-fed period calves","authors":"R. Nekrasov, M. Chabaev, E. Tuaeva, D. A. Nikanova, N. Bogolyubova, S. O. Shapovalov, G. A. Ivanov","doi":"10.32634/0869-8155-2023-376-11-64-69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32634/0869-8155-2023-376-11-64-69","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. There is evidence of increased immunity in animals when they are fed components from insect larvae. The research objectives are to study some aspects of the composition and bactericidal properties of the lipid fraction obtained from the biomass of Black Lion larvae (LCL-lf); to establish the effectiveness of using LCL-lf as an additive to the diet of calves of the dairy growing period.Methodology. Scientific and economic experience in studying the effect of various levels of use of the lipid fraction obtained from the biomass of Black Lion larvae in the diets of dairy calves (from the 59th to the 123rd day) of the growing period was carried out in JSC «Molodi» of the Moscow region. The animals of the control group were fed a balanced diet in terms of energy and nutrients, the 1st experimental in addition to the main diet daily (individually) in the morning feeding was fed 5 g of LCHL-lf, the 2nd experimental – 10 g of LCHL-lf.Results. Fatty acid composition of LCHL-lf: the sum of saturated LC – 85.9%, lauric acid – 55.6%. The antimicrobial properties of the extract from LCL-lf are largely noted in relation to gram-positive bacteria. It was noted that feeding larvae in the diets of young animals improved the bactericidal properties of the blood serum of experimental animals – from 31.4 to 42.9–48.6% (p < 0.05). The content of erythrocytes (11.6% vs. 10.3 × 1012/l in the control, p = 0.08) and hematocrit (40.9 vs. 37.1% in the control, p = 0.02) was higher in the blood of group 2 animals, which indicates an increase in the redox capacity of the blood of experimental animals. In the blood of animals of the experimental groups, the content of free water–soluble antioxidants increased – from 14.8 mg/l in the control to 17.8 mg/l (p = 0.08) and to 15.7 mg/l (p = 0.39) in the blood of animals of the experimental groups, 1st and 2nd, respectively. In general, over the two-month period of the experiment, the increase in SSP was: in group 1 – 8.4%, in group 2 – 18.7% compared with the control (703.1–769.5 g vs. 648.4 g, p < 0.05).","PeriodicalId":7465,"journal":{"name":"Agrarian science","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139236739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficiency of the use of extruded fir flour in feeding broiler chickens","authors":"O. Bagno, O. Prokhorov, S. S. Fedotov, S. N. Rassolov, A. А. Schmidt","doi":"10.32634/0869-8155-2023-376-11-76-81","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32634/0869-8155-2023-376-11-76-81","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. Needles are a source of various biologically active substances for animals, including vitamins. The needles also contain phytoncides, which contribute to the suppression of pathogenic microflora in the digestive tract. A number of studies have been devoted to the development of technologies for the production of feed additives based on needlesMethodology. The research work was carried out in the experimental poultry house of «Kuzbass Broiler» LLC on broiler chickens of the Ross 308 cross. 820 heads of chickens in four groups were selected for the experiment. The poultry of the control group received complete compound feed (PC), the 1st–3rd experimental groups received extradited fir flour as part of the PC (1.0%, 2.5%, 5.0% of the weight of the compound feed). When selecting broiler chickens in experimental groups and conducting research, the methods of VNIVIP were used.Results. When feeding extruded fir flour in an amount of 2.5% of the feed volume at the stages of growing broiler chickens the highest indicators of their growth were obtained compared to the control: the absolute and average daily body weight gain is more by 5.3%. Safety increased by 1.8%, the European productivity index (EPI) increased by 35.9 units. Chickens spent 6.1% (0.11 kg) less compound feed per 1 kg of gain compared to analogues from the control group.","PeriodicalId":7465,"journal":{"name":"Agrarian science","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139237443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of dairy cows diets for crude protein","authors":"N. Papusha, N. Bermagambetova, B. Z. Kubekova, M. Smailova, V. Kosilov","doi":"10.32634/0869-8155-2023-376-11-46-53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32634/0869-8155-2023-376-11-46-53","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of the composition of the diet on the productive indicators of cows, in particular on the chemical composition of milk, is analyzed. A reduction in the supply of succulent feed to 46.6% of the total energy nutrition and an increase in the proportion of concentrates (up to 53.4% of the exchange energy) for dairy cows were unacceptable. During the study, the level of milk productivity of black-andwhite cows increased very slightly – by 0.7 kg head /day. It is possible that in the first days of the change of the cow's diet, the total gross milk yield increases, but this period does not last long, and soon cows with acidosis and other metabolic disorders appear on the farm. The increase in the level of concentrated feed in the farm negatively affected the physico-chemical composition of milk, which became unsorted. A negative consequence of the change in the diet of cows was a deterioration in the quality of milk. Thus, the ratio of «fat – protein» has changed in the opposite direction, the urea content has increased (to 48.58–52.97 mg / 100 ml), the titrated acidity of milk has increased (to 19.49–21.04 °T) and the content of somatic cells in milk (to the level of 354.41–450.54 thousand / cm3) in cows of all lactations.","PeriodicalId":7465,"journal":{"name":"Agrarian science","volume":"312 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139237690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The prospects of a model exposition in artificial plantations in urbanized territories","authors":"E. Kalmykova, K. A. Melnik, A. I. Peredrienko","doi":"10.32634/0869-8155-2023-376-11-88-92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32634/0869-8155-2023-376-11-88-92","url":null,"abstract":"The main tasks of the ecological potential are to unite the disparate existing elements of plantings and supplement them with new ones. The assimilation of unique plant ecosystems is possible with an integrated approach. The Volgograd region belongs to the dry-steppe zone, the climate is sharply continental, for which the characteristic features are a decrease in natural moisture supply, excess heat, an active wind regime throughout the year and frequent dry winds. The ecological potential of the south of Russia, in particular the Volgograd region, according to the climate Biological efficiency Index (TC) proposed by N.N. Ivanov, is at a low level (TC = 8–12) with unfavorable natural living conditions of the population with a significant lack of moisture, which raises the question of creating multifunctional plantings as a research scientific basis for rational regional environmental policy in optimizing the process of settlement and social sphere, consistent organization of work and recreation, protection of citizensʼ health. Dendrological expositions growing on cadastral plots of the Federal Research Center for Agroecology of the Russian Academy of Sciences have a high ecological potential in urbanized territories.The purpose of the study is to evaluate the prospects of a model exposure of drought–resistant species in artificial plantings.A general analysis of the decorativeness of G Gleditsia triacanthos f. inermis, Rosa canina, Ribes aureum, Ligustrum vulgare, Juniperus sabina was carried out, the variability of the total assessment of decorativeness between species (34.2–36.6) and the total score (177) were established. All the studied species have good drought resistance, which helps the woody plant to use water and nutrients most efficiently in arid regions on chestnut soils with low moisture supply.","PeriodicalId":7465,"journal":{"name":"Agrarian science","volume":"429 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139238284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of micronutrient fertilizers and growth regulators on soybean yield under the conditions of Primorsky Kray","authors":"A. A. Dubkov, R. Timoshinov, E. Kushaeva, A. G. Klykov","doi":"10.32634/0869-8155-2023-376-11-93-97","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32634/0869-8155-2023-376-11-93-97","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. In 2021–2022, in Primorsky Krai (Timiryazevsky village), the influence of foliar top dressing Zn, Cu, Mg in chelated form («Terra Master» LLC, Russia), monokalium phosphate («Buisk Chemical Plant», JSC) was studied on the experimental fields of the Department of Agriculture and Agrochemistry of the A.K. Chaika Federal State Research Center for Agrobiotechnologies of the Far East, Russia), B (boric acid) («Delta» LLC, Russia), liquid micronutrients («Agro Expert Group» LLC, Russia), Boro-N, Fertix B, Potassium Lignohumate B for crop formation and protein content in soy beans of the Breeze variety.Methods. The treatment of crops with micro fertilizers was carried out in the phase of «2–3 triple leaves» and in the phase of «flowering» in the recommended norms.Results. It was found that the use of non-root fertilizing affected economically valuable signs. The highest yield when applying non-root fertilizing was noted in the variant with the introduction of Zn 31.2 c/ha in the phase «2–3 triple leaves», Boron-H 37.0 c/ha in the phase «flowering». Non-root top dressing had a positive effect on the accumulation of protein in soy grain. The maximum protein collection from 1 ha was obtained when using Boro-N in the flowering phase – 2.96 t/ha.","PeriodicalId":7465,"journal":{"name":"Agrarian science","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139237017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experience using organomineral fertilizer on potatoes","authors":"E. Prishchepenko, R. R. Safina, N. E. Garipov","doi":"10.32634/0869-8155-2023-376-11-98-101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32634/0869-8155-2023-376-11-98-101","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. Potatoes are one of the most important food crops in the Russian Federation and CIS countries. For the normal growth and development of the potato plant, it is necessary to provide sufficient nutrition elements. The modern direction is the selection of drugs based on natural sources that improve the mineral nutrition of plants and meet environmental requirements, which is relevant.Methods. Determination of the effectiveness of the use of organomineral fertilizer Adgelar for foliar top dressing of potato tubers. The objects of the study were potatoes of the Salsa variety and the organomineral fertilizer Adgelar. The experiment was carried out on gray forest soil.Results. It was revealed that foliar fertilization with Adgelar fertilizer contributed to increasing yields and improving the quality of potato tubers of the Salsa variety. The increase in potato yield was 17.5% at a dose of 0.3 l/ ha, 23.2% at a dose of 0.75 l/ha, 31.0% at a dose of 1.2 l/ha. With the use of fertilizer, the number of tubers increased (from 1 m²) by 16 17.8%, the average mass of commercial tubers (from 1 m²) – by 16.3–34.8% compared to the control. The share of the seed fraction of tubers increased by 1.5–6.2%, food – by 1.1–3.2%. The starch content in the dry matter increased (by 8.2–11%). There was a decrease in vitamin C by 7–18% compared to the control. In the variants with fertilizer in doses of 0.3 l/ha and 1.2 l/ha, nitrate nitrogen was higher by 10 and 49 mg, respectively.","PeriodicalId":7465,"journal":{"name":"Agrarian science","volume":"368 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139237142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical case. Bilateral subtotal mandibulectomy with fusion of the tympanic part of the temporal bone with the medial surface of the angle of the mandible in a puppy","authors":"A. S. Spirina, O. A. Spirina, S. Y. Kontsevaya, A. M. Ermakov","doi":"10.32634/0869-8155-2023-376-11-27-33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32634/0869-8155-2023-376-11-27-33","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. A rare, predominantly congenital pathology Fusion of the tympanic part of the temporal bone with the medial surface of the angle of the mandible leads to irreversible pathological processes in the maxillofacial region, which significantly reduces the quality of life of the animal. The article discusses surgical correction options that can improve the dog’s quality of life. A timely procedure increased the comfort of existence and improved the general health of the animal, eliminating discomfort, otitis media and pain.Methods. The method of choice was technically complex bilateral subtotal mandibulectomy. To perform the procedure, the following were used: surgical dental instruments; dental unit with high-speed and low-speed handpieces; various types of bur. For extra- and intraoral radiography, the following were used: CR7Vet X-ray digitizer with luminoform plates (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5); combined general anesthesia with the use of narcotic and potent drugs.Results. The solution of this problem is possible only operationally, therefore, the method of choice was bilateral subtotal mandibulectomy, the evaluation of which served as the purpose of the study. As a result of the procedure, already on the 14th day, the dog had activity, satisfactory well-being, and no problems with taking food and water. The study of the results of the study showed that the pathology requires immediate intervention, since the outcome of the fusion of the tympanic part of the temporal bone with the medial surface of the angle of the lower jaw in a few weeks can lead to inoperable.","PeriodicalId":7465,"journal":{"name":"Agrarian science","volume":"77 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139241293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of bulls-producers of the Holstein breed by the quality of the offspring","authors":"A. Gorelik, M. Rebezov, O. Gorelik","doi":"10.32634/0869-8155-2023-376-11-34-40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32634/0869-8155-2023-376-11-34-40","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. Providing the population of the country with full-fledged food products of its own production is an important task facing the employees of the agro-industrial complex of the country. Such a product is milk. Milk is obtained mainly from dairy cows of productivity, the improvement of breeding qualities of which is due to the use of the global gene pool of the Holstein breed. The widespread use of Holstein bulls of various breeding breeds in the breeding of dairy cattle and the study of their influence on the productive qualities of daughters are relevant and have both scientific and practical interest.Methods. A comparison of the productivity of the daughters of four bulls-producers – Alta Bloomberg (country of origin – USA), Bourbon (Denmark), Norton (Germany) and Lisborn (Canada). Dairy productivity (milk yield, fat content, protein in milk) of cows was controlled by control milking, reproductive capacity – by the duration of the service period and the coefficient of reproductive capacity.Results. As a result of the research, it was found that the difference in milk yield between the peers of bulls-producers is unreliable, but there is a tendency for higher milk yields in the daughters of Alt Bloomberg, Norton and Lisborn, relative to Bourbon. In the milk of the daughters of Alt Bloomberg and Norton, the indicators for MJ in milk are higher (p ≤ 0.05–0.01), and Bourbon – MDB (p ≤ 0.01 in favor of the daughters of Bourbon). A significant difference in the age of achieving the first insemination was revealed between the groups of daughters of the evaluated bulls in favor of Bourbon daughters (Denmark) at p < 0.05–0.01. They reached the required body weight at the age of 12.9 months, which is 0.4–1.2 months faster. The daughters of breeding bulls have certain problems with reproduction. The coefficient of reproductive ability of cows is in the range of 0.89–0.94, which is below the optimal indicators for a good level of reproduction.","PeriodicalId":7465,"journal":{"name":"Agrarian science","volume":"206 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139241208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}