优化奶牛日粮的粗蛋白含量

N. Papusha, N. Bermagambetova, B. Z. Kubekova, M. Smailova, V. Kosilov
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引用次数: 0

摘要

分析了日粮组成对奶牛生产指标的影响,特别是对牛奶化学成分的影响。将肉质饲料的供应量降至总能量营养的 46.6%,并增加精料的比例(最多占交换能量的 53.4%)对奶牛来说是不可接受的。在研究期间,黑白花奶牛的产奶量水平略有提高,每天提高 0.7 千克头。可能在改变奶牛日粮的最初几天,奶牛的总产奶量会增加,但这一时期不会持续很长时间,很快牧场上就会出现酸中毒和其他代谢紊乱的奶牛。牛场精饲料水平的提高对牛奶的理化成分产生了负面影响,牛奶变得不分类。奶牛饮食变化的负面影响是牛奶质量下降。因此,各泌乳期奶牛的 "脂肪-蛋白质 "比例发生了反向变化,尿素含量增加(达到 48.58-52.97 毫克/100 毫升),牛奶的滴定酸度增加(达到 19.49-21.04 °T),牛奶中的体细胞含量增加(达到 354.41-450.54 千个/立方厘米)。
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Optimization of dairy cows diets for crude protein
The influence of the composition of the diet on the productive indicators of cows, in particular on the chemical composition of milk, is analyzed. A reduction in the supply of succulent feed to 46.6% of the total energy nutrition and an increase in the proportion of concentrates (up to 53.4% of the exchange energy) for dairy cows were unacceptable. During the study, the level of milk productivity of black-andwhite cows increased very slightly – by 0.7 kg head /day. It is possible that in the first days of the change of the cow's diet, the total gross milk yield increases, but this period does not last long, and soon cows with acidosis and other metabolic disorders appear on the farm. The increase in the level of concentrated feed in the farm negatively affected the physico-chemical composition of milk, which became unsorted. A negative consequence of the change in the diet of cows was a deterioration in the quality of milk. Thus, the ratio of «fat – protein» has changed in the opposite direction, the urea content has increased (to 48.58–52.97 mg / 100 ml), the titrated acidity of milk has increased (to 19.49–21.04 °T) and the content of somatic cells in milk (to the level of 354.41–450.54 thousand / cm3) in cows of all lactations.
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