Recent progress in nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Biochemical Impact of Carica Papaya (Pawpaw) leaves Extract and Ruzu Bitters on Hematology and Brain Histology in Sprague Dawley Rats","authors":"O. Ebuehi, Lasekan Oyindamola Ayobami, Olufemi Mulkah Ajagun-Ogunleye","doi":"10.21926/rpn.2301004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/rpn.2301004","url":null,"abstract":"Plant-based products have been utilized for nutritional and medicinal purposes for decades. Although the reported benefits of Carica papaya (Pawpaw) leave extract, its role in hematology, brain histology, and the possible side effect are still areas of research deliberation. Thirty (30) male Sprague Dawley rats, divided into three groups, were fed on rat chow and normal saline, Carica papaya leaves extract and Ruzu bitters, respectively. Blood chemistry, hematology, and brain histology were assayed to ascertain their effects on brain structure and biochemical changes. White blood cells, hemoglobin, red blood cells, platelets, and packed cell volume were carefully evaluated. In the sub-chronic test, there were no significant changes in PCV (%) in the papaya extract and Ruzu bitters group, relative to the control. There was a significant increase in hemoglobin levels in the papaya and Ruzu bitters groups. Carica papaya leaves extract and Ruzu bitters significantly increased certain serum biochemistry parameters (p < 0.05), compared to the control group. Our study revealed that C. papaya leaves extract possess an immunomodulatory effect and did not show any detrimental effect on the brain histology, liver, and general well-being, unlike Ruzu bitters. The neuroprotective effect of the extract is apparent from the intact brain structure of treated rats compared to the other group, (p < 0.05). The hydro-ethanol leaf extract of Carica papaya possesses neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, anti-hemolytic and immunomodulatory effects compared to the Ruzu bitters. However, both extracts’ long-term administration should be taken cautiously and further investigated.","PeriodicalId":74647,"journal":{"name":"Recent progress in nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45113300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Practical Review on the Impact of Celiac Disease on the Patient","authors":"Johannah Ruddy, Kate Scarlata","doi":"10.21926/rpn.2301003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/rpn.2301003","url":null,"abstract":"Celiac disease (CD) is a multisystem immune-mediated disorder resulting in enteropathy of the small intestine with the ingestion of gluten, in genetically susceptible individuals. This condition impact 1% of the population and can result in the development of other conditions such as chronic fatigue, anemia, osteoporosis, aphthous stomatitis, elevated liver enzymes, joint pain, infertility, peripheral neuropathy, and epilepsy. In this review, we outline the clinical presentation of CD, the physiological differences between CD and non-celiac gluten sensitivity, proper management and the need for thorough patient education to increase adherence to a gluten free diet and reduce GI symptoms.","PeriodicalId":74647,"journal":{"name":"Recent progress in nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46075885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of a One-Week Intensive Wellness Camp on Dietary Behaviors among Southwest American Indian Youth","authors":"M. Lopez-Pentecost, F. Gachupin, R. Hazelwood, Otellie Honanie, Jessica Quamahongnewa, C. Thomson","doi":"10.21926/rpn.2301002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/rpn.2301002","url":null,"abstract":"American Indians (AI) suffer the highest rates of diabetes in the United States (US); a chronic disease that is increasingly prevalent among AI children and is associated with increased risk of cancer. A summer camp was developed to improve disease risk-reducing behaviors, including diet, among AI youth in Arizona. The aim of this study was to examine the efficacy of a one-week intensive summer health camp conducted from 2016 to 2019 on change in dietary behaviors and compliance for Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) among AI youth. AI children aged 10 to 15 years from several Arizona tribes participated in one-week intensive residential camps. Participants engaged in a week of experiential learning focused on healthy eating and physical activity. Twenty-four hour dietary recalls were collected from AI youth by trained staff six weeks before and six weeks after camp. T-tests were conducted to analyze differences in mean intake pre-and post-camp. Diet recalls for 45 children (boys = 19, girls = 26) were included in the current analysis. Results showed a statistically significant reduction in median intake of total fat by 19.5% (P-value = 0.01), and saturated fat by 14.9% (P-value = 0.01). Further, a statistically significant decrease in median energy intake of 18.7% (P-value = 0.002), a 22.9% decrease in total fat (P-value = 0.01), and 22.3% reduction in saturated fat was observed among boys only. However, post-camp, a higher percentage of girls met guidelines for fruit intake (54% vs 26%), percent saturated fat (23% vs 16%), calcium (7% vs 0%) and whole grains (15% vs 0%), while a higher percentage of boys met guidelines for vegetables (63% vs 50%) and sodium (25% vs 23%). The AI health camp was effective at reducing energy intake (kcals/day), total fat (g/day) and saturated fat (g/day) among participants aged 10 to 15 years. The camp was observed to be more effective at decreasing energy, total fat, and saturated fat intake among boys.","PeriodicalId":74647,"journal":{"name":"Recent progress in nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46664027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acknowledgment to Reviewers of Recent Progress in Nutrition in 2022","authors":"Recent Progress in Nutrition Editorial Office","doi":"10.21926/rpn.2301001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/rpn.2301001","url":null,"abstract":"The editors of Recent Progress in Nutrition would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2022. We greatly appreciate the contribution of expert reviewers, which is crucial to the journal's editorial process. We aim to recognize reviewer contributions through several mechanisms, of which the annual publication of reviewer names is one. Reviewers receive a voucher entitling them to a discount on their next LIDSEN publication and can download a certificate of recognition directly from our submission system. Additionally, reviewers can sign up to the service Publons (https://publons.com) to receive recognition. Of course, in these initiatives we are careful not to compromise reviewer confidentiality. Many reviewers see their work as a voluntary and often unseen part of their role as researchers. We are grateful to the time reviewers donate to our journals and the contribution they make.","PeriodicalId":74647,"journal":{"name":"Recent progress in nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43077253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Bioactive Molecules to Their Nutritional Effect, Biodynamic Interpretation Between Productional and Functional Aspects of Nutrients","authors":"B. Riccardi","doi":"10.21926/rpn.2204023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/rpn.2204023","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, the long journey from the production of food ingredients to their transformation into nutrients was described. The essential function of nutrients is to satisfy the primary needs of living organisms, namely energy, morphology and reproduction, through the consumption of food. Fulfilling its primary role, food must contain nutrients that are essential for the well-being of the living, along with others that are not essential but are still important for proper metabolism. These substances are known as bioactive substances. The subject of this article is to describe the main bioactive substances, their extraction and purification processes, their biological role and the technologies used to enhance their absorption and bioavailability. In addition, their application in natural foods is described, where they are added to transform them into functional foods. A holistic description of nutrition cannot be achieved without providing information about additives and preservatives that are added to foods, to enhance their organoleptic characteristics and extend their shelf life, but compromise food safety. In addition to altering the properties of food, these substances are responsible for emerging metabolic pathologies that are rampant worldwide.","PeriodicalId":74647,"journal":{"name":"Recent progress in nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47308718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of Creatine Supplementation on Markers of Muscle Damage and Inflammation Following Exercise in Older Adults: A Brief Narrative Review","authors":"S. Cornish, Dean M. Cordingley","doi":"10.21926/rpn.2204021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/rpn.2204021","url":null,"abstract":"Exercise induced muscle damage occurs following strenuous and unfamiliar exercise and results in biomarkers of muscle damage and inflammation in the circulation. Creatine (Cr) is a commonly utilized nutritional supplement which has been proposed to enhance post-exercise recovery and has been suggested to decrease exercise induced inflammation. Exercise is well recognized to be beneficial for older adults to maintain skeletal muscle mass and strength as well as promote health for other biological systems. However, older adults can experience chronic low-grade inflammation, sometimes referred to as ‘inflammaging’. Therefore, it may be prudent to limit post-exercise induced skeletal muscle damage and inflammation for the older adult population who may already be in a pro-inflammatory state and at risk of age-related muscle loss (sarcopenia). The purpose of this brief narrative review is to outline the current research on Cr and its effects on biomarkers of muscle damage and inflammation in older adults. Further, the review will suggest areas of research that are required to fully understand how Cr supplementation may affect muscle damage and inflammatory biomarkers in older adults who exercise.","PeriodicalId":74647,"journal":{"name":"Recent progress in nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44733947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Modulation of the Gut Microbiome in Inflammatory Bowel Disease","authors":"Lindsey B. Cundra, Michael Saadeh, Manasa Vallabhaneni, Kevin V. Houston, Steve M. D’Souza, David A. Johnson","doi":"10.21926/rpn.2203019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/rpn.2203019","url":null,"abstract":"Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis, and Crohn’s disease, is a chronic relapsing-remitting inflammatory state of the gastrointestinal (GI) system. The cause of IBD is multifactorial, encompassing factors of genetics, environment, and the host immune system, initiating a complex interplay of maladaptive host immune responses and subsequent chronic inflammation. Aberrant host immune responses are at least in part due to changes in the commensal microbiome, which can in turn affect the development and progression of IBD. Diet is known to directly affect the composition of the microbiota which in turn affects the host immune system. Herein, we review the impact of dietary macronutrients, notable supplements, and selected dietary interventions on the gut microbiota and its effect on the microbiome and host metabolism in patients with IBD. Having diet available as an adjunctive, manageable intervention for patients with IBD will remain a promising area of research for the foreseeable future.","PeriodicalId":74647,"journal":{"name":"Recent progress in nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48459769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Diet in the Pathogenesis of Colorectal Polyps and Cancer","authors":"Ankit Patel, Kevin V. Houston, Michael Saadeh, A. Vilela, B. Yoo, Steve M. D’Souza, David A. Johnson","doi":"10.21926/rpn.2203018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/rpn.2203018","url":null,"abstract":"Colorectal cancer (CRC) is currently the third most common cancer within the United States among both males and females, with increasing rates occurring in younger individuals compared to the past. Multiple environmental and social aspects including diet may be contributing to this increase in CRC rates. The aim of this review is to examine foods containing high fructose corn syrup, processed meats, and red meats which have shown to be linked to an increase in incidence of CRC. These foods can be a cause for disruption in a healthy microbiome leading to dysbiosis, which can have downstream effects on CRC formation. With the current data showing evidence of potential triggers and associations leading to CRC, more studies are needed to help directly link these dietary components and their pathways to cancer formations.","PeriodicalId":74647,"journal":{"name":"Recent progress in nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42503125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Senescence and DNA Damage in Adipocytes and Fat Tissues and Its Potential Amelioration through Nutritional Interventions","authors":"Abbas Ishaq, G. Saretzki","doi":"10.21926/rpn.2203016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/rpn.2203016","url":null,"abstract":"Accumulating evidence demonstrates that senescence and the associated inflammatory phenotype (SASP) also occur in post-mitotic cells such as mature adipocytes. Visceral adipose tissue in humans is susceptible to inflammation due to nutritional imbalance and ageing. However, while adipose tissue has been well researched in the context of obesity, senescence of differentiated adipocytes has not been investigated thoroughly. Our group recently demonstrated that ageing and normal ad libitum (AL) nutrition in mice resulted in increased adipocyte size, DNA damage, p16INK4a expression and inflammation in visceral adipose tissue while some of these senescence markers could be alleviated by dietary restriction (DR). Moreover, another dietary restriction study described a “metabolic memory” as protection against AL-induced senescence after shifting mice from DR back to AL nutrition. Other recent DR studies on mice of different ages analysed the transcriptional profile of adipose tissue and described a metabolic memory for AL at high age. Finally, our group modelled nutritional imbalance in vitro through treatment of primary human subcutaneous and omental adipocytes with the saturated fatty acid (FA) palmitic acid (PA). This resulted in a significant increase in DNA damage as well as p16INK4a levels correlating with enhanced intracellular lipid accumulation. In contrast, DNA damage could be prevented with the unsaturated FA oleic acid (OA). With olive oil being an important part of the Mediterranean diet another study found also other oils such as argan oil to have similar effects of preventing DNA damage in vivo and in vitro. This review is focused on senescence, DNA damage and inflammation in WAT and adipocytes including nutritional interventions in vivo and in vitro. It also gives some basic background on these topics. However, it is not a systematic review but aims to highlight recent developments and nutritional interventions in the areas of senescence and DNA damage related to adipocyte tissues and cells.","PeriodicalId":74647,"journal":{"name":"Recent progress in nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45753012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postprandial Glucose Responses to Standardised Meals Consumed After Moderate- and High-Intensity Exercise Bouts Across Standard School Days in Healthy Adolescents","authors":"Sahar M O Afeef, L. Barrett, J. Zakrzewski-Fruer, K. Tolfrey","doi":"10.21926/rpn.2203020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/rpn.2203020","url":null,"abstract":"Exercise-induced moderation of postprandial glycaemia in adolescents is unclear and has not been examined under free-living conditions. We assessed the effect of moderate-intensity exercise (MIE) and high-intensity intermittent exercise (HIIE) bouts on subsequent postprandial glycaemic responses across three standard school days. Fourteen healthy adolescents (13 ± 1 years) completed three conditions in the following order across consecutive days: MIE, 30-min continuous brisk walking; CON, no-exercise control; HIIE, 30-min of 10 × 30-s sprints interspersed with 2.5-min brisk walking bouts. Participants consumed three standardised meals (breakfast, lunch and dinner) at standardised times. Interstitial glucose, energy intake, sedentary time and physical activity were assessed under free-living conditions. Linear mixed models compared glucose outcomes between conditions, and Cohen’s d effect sizes were calculated. Although non-significant, the reduction in post-breakfast glucose iAUC was moderate for MIE (-0.24 mmol·L-1; P = 0.59; d = 0.77) and large for HIIE (-0.26 mmol·L-1; P = 0.44; d = 0.86) compared with CON. Non-significant, moderate (0.37 mmol·L-1; P = 0.22; d = 0.70) and large (0.42 mmol·L-1; P = 0.20; d = 0.81) increases in post-lunch glucose iAUC were observed for MIE and HIIE compared with CON. Nevertheless, the 24-h mean glucose was stable at ~5.4 mmol·L-1 across conditions. The glycaemic variability indices calculated over 24-h after the onset of exercise for each condition including standard deviation (P = 0.59) and mean amplitude of glycaemic excursion (P = 0.82) were not different between conditions. Thirty-minute bouts of MIE and HIIE did not change postprandial glycaemia or 24-h glycaemic variability significantly in the small sample of healthy adolescents. However, the moderate and large effect sizes suggest both MIE and HIIE reduced breakfast glucose iAUC compared with CON, yet led to increases in post-lunch iAUC in the two exercise conditions. The mismatch between the probability values and effect sizes was a consequence of our COVID-reduced sample. The ramifications of these exercise effects are unclear and need to be confirmed in a larger sample of adolescents.","PeriodicalId":74647,"journal":{"name":"Recent progress in nutrition","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42072078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}