Radiologie (Heidelberg, Germany)最新文献_第7页

[Molecular testing and liquid biopsies in colorectal cancer]. [结直肠癌的分子检测和液体活检]。

Radiologie (Heidelberg, Germany) Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1007/s00117-025-01454-w

Arndt Stahler, Sebastian Stintzing

{"title":"[Molecular testing and liquid biopsies in colorectal cancer].","authors":"Arndt Stahler, Sebastian Stintzing","doi":"10.1007/s00117-025-01454-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00117-025-01454-w","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The introduction of new DNA sequencing technologies has led to the discovery of many prognostically and predictively relevant biomarkers in tumor tissue and blood from patients with colorectal cancer.Objectives: Presentation of meaningful tissue-based molecular pathological diagnostics and discussion of the clinical application of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) from liquid biopsies in colorectal cancer.Materials and methods: Evaluation of existing literature and congress publications, discussion of post hoc analyses of clinical studies and expert recommendations.Results: In Union for International Cancer Control (UICC) stages II/III, the tissue-based evaluation of microsatellite instability (MSI-H) contributes to individual therapy optimization through advice on adjuvant chemotherapy (colon cancer, UICC II) or, if necessary, individual neo-adjuvant therapy concepts via the use of immunotherapy (colon, rectal cancer, UICC II/III). From liquid biopsies, ctDNA was associated with minimal residual disease, which influences disease-free survival. In the metastatic stage (UICC IV), tissue-based determination of RAS and BRAF V600E mutations, MSI‑H and in the near future also HER2/neu overexpression should be performed. Broader molecular diagnostics to optimize first-line therapy (molecular hyperselection) shows little additional benefit. ctDNA can be used for longitudinal monitoring of clonal tumor evolution or as an alternative to invasive diagnostics in patients.Conclusions: Molecular pathological diagnostics from tissue and blood complement each other and should be used in a targeted and meaningful way according to the underlying question.","PeriodicalId":74635,"journal":{"name":"Radiologie (Heidelberg, Germany)","volume":" ","pages":"410-415"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144061608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Imaging of colorectal cancer: Role of computed tomography colonography]. [结直肠癌影像学：计算机断层结肠镜的作用]。

Radiologie (Heidelberg, Germany) Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-20 DOI: 10.1007/s00117-025-01456-8

Thomas Mang, Nino Bogveradze, Michael Bergman, Simon Leitner, Martina Scharitzer

{"title":"[Imaging of colorectal cancer: Role of computed tomography colonography].","authors":"Thomas Mang, Nino Bogveradze, Michael Bergman, Simon Leitner, Martina Scharitzer","doi":"10.1007/s00117-025-01456-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00117-025-01456-8","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Computed tomography colonography (CTC) is a minimally invasive examination for radiologic imaging of the entire colon and rectum. It has replaced the now obsolete barium enemas and represents an important option to colonoscopy for the detection of colorectal neoplasia.Objectives: The aim of this article is to review the current status of CTC for detection of colorectal cancer (CRC) and its precursors.Materials and methods: Based on an extensive literature research, the current role of CTC in colorectal cancer imaging is summarized. This includes not only CRC detection but also the role of CTC in CRC screening and surveillance.Results: CTC is a well-developed, minimally invasive examination for the identification of colorectal neoplasia. The diagnostic accuracy for colorectal adenomas and cancer is comparable to that of optical colonoscopy. Missed CRC cases are rare and typically result from perceptual or technical errors. In addition to the detection and characterization of carcinomas, CTC enables the visualization of prestenotic colonic segments and extracolonic structures. This allows for the preoperative detection of synchronous colonic neoplasms that are not endoscopically assessable as well as evaluation of abdominal tumor spread. Due to its ability to detect benign precancerous adenomas with high sensitivity, CTC can be used for opportunistic colorectal cancer screening. In CRC follow-up, CTC may be used to diagnose recurrence if colonoscopy is incomplete or not feasible.Conclusion: CTC is the radiological examination of choice for the detection of colorectal neoplasia. It is typically used in patients where colonoscopy is incomplete, contraindicated or refused. Moreover, CTC serves as a noninvasive option for opportunistic colorectal cancer screening.","PeriodicalId":74635,"journal":{"name":"Radiologie (Heidelberg, Germany)","volume":" ","pages":"416-425"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12106516/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144113019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Subarachnoid hemorrhage part 1 : Pathophysiology, diagnostics and special forms]. 蛛网膜下腔出血第1部分：病理生理、诊断和特殊形式。

Radiologie (Heidelberg, Germany) Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-19 DOI: 10.1007/s00117-025-01463-9

Umut Yilmaz, Malvina Garner, Wolfgang Reith

引用次数: 0

[Update on the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal carcinoma]. 【结直肠癌的诊断和治疗进展】。

Radiologie (Heidelberg, Germany) Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-26 DOI: 10.1007/s00117-025-01462-w

T Helmberger

引用次数: 0

Feasibility of replacing true non-contrast images with virtual non-contrast images in quantitative analysis of emphysema. 虚拟非对比图像替代真实非对比图像在肺气肿定量分析中的可行性。

Radiologie (Heidelberg, Germany) Pub Date : 2025-05-08 DOI: 10.1007/s00117-025-01448-8

Yanbing Guo, Qiuju Fan, Zhanli Ren, Nan Yu, Hui Tan, Guangming Ma

{"title":"Feasibility of replacing true non-contrast images with virtual non-contrast images in quantitative analysis of emphysema.","authors":"Yanbing Guo, Qiuju Fan, Zhanli Ren, Nan Yu, Hui Tan, Guangming Ma","doi":"10.1007/s00117-025-01448-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00117-025-01448-8","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To evaluate the performance of virtual non-contrast (VNC) images in comparison with true non-contrast (TNC) images in dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) for the assessment of emphysema quantification.Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of 57 patients who underwent three-phase chest CT. The VNC images of the arterial phase (VNC(AP)) and venous phase (VNC(VP)) were generated on an AW4.7 workstation. The objective assessment of image noise in TNC and VNC images was conducted through the quantification of image quality, which was then subjected to a double-blind review by two physicians for image quality and visual classification of emphysema. Furthermore, quantified emphysema at three distinct thresholds (950 HU, 930 HU, and 910 HU) using the three sets of images was compared. Bland-Altman plots were used to compare the quantitative discrepancies at the -950HU threshold.Results: There was no statistically significant difference in subjective image quality and emphysema visual classification between TNC and VNC images (all p > 0.05). In the quantitative measurement, no statistical difference was observed in image noise or total lung volume among the three groups. When compared with TNC, VNC(VP) images demonstrated no statistical difference in 15th percentile lung density (Perc 15), low attenuation volume (LAV), percentage of low attenuation area (LAA%), and mean lung density (MLD; all p > 0.05). The use of VNC images was found to reduce the radiation dose by 32.6%.Conclusion: The use of VNC, particularly VNC(VP) images, in chest CT has the potential to supplant TNC for the quantitative assessment of emphysema, thereby streamlining scans and reducing radiation dose.","PeriodicalId":74635,"journal":{"name":"Radiologie (Heidelberg, Germany)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144014695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mitteilungen des Berufsverbandes der Deutschen Radiologie. 德国放射学专业协会。

Radiologie (Heidelberg, Germany) Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1007/s00117-025-01457-7

引用次数: 0

[Lymphatic malformations in childhood and adolescence]. [儿童和青少年的淋巴畸形]。

Radiologie (Heidelberg, Germany) Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-22 DOI: 10.1007/s00117-025-01450-0

Anne Groteklaes, Andreas Müller

{"title":"[Lymphatic malformations in childhood and adolescence].","authors":"Anne Groteklaes, Andreas Müller","doi":"10.1007/s00117-025-01450-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00117-025-01450-0","url":null,"abstract":"Clinical issue: Lymphatic malformations (LM) are congenital abnormalities of the lymphatic system and occur with an incidence of 1:6000-1:16,000 live births. Simple LMs manifest as soft-elastic space-occupying lesions, whereas complex LMs affect several organ systems and can lead to chylous effusions due to lymph leakage. In addition, LM can occur together with other vascular malformations or as part of overgrowth syndromes. Primary lymphedema is a special subgroup of LMs, which can first be clinically manifested in advanced age.Diagnostics: Imaging procedures are of great importance in the diagnostics of LM, in particular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and MR lymphangiography. Additionally, genetic testing should be carried out to detect possible comorbidities at an early stage and to enable targeted treatment.Treatment strategies: The decision for treatment depends on the underlying LM as well as the extent and localization. Medicinal treatment is possible with the mTOR inhibitor sirolimus and with propranolol via the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-Ras-MAPK pathway, also as a combined treatment, Depending on the results of genetic analyses, targeted treatment with alpelisib/trametinib is also an option. Moreover, surgical and radiological interventional approaches can be used, depending on the underlying findings.Practical recommendations: Patients with LM should be referred to an expert center to enable an early diagnosis and treatment in an interdisciplinary team. Together with the clinical and genetic findings MRI and MR lymphangiography enable the evaluation of interventional and surgical treatment options.","PeriodicalId":74635,"journal":{"name":"Radiologie (Heidelberg, Germany)","volume":"65 5","pages":"354-361"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144030781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Nodal x-ray lymphangiography and therapy of central lymphatic leakage]. [淋巴结x线淋巴管造影及中央淋巴渗漏的治疗]。

Radiologie (Heidelberg, Germany) Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1007/s00117-025-01437-x

J Wagenpfeil, C C Pieper

{"title":"[Nodal x-ray lymphangiography and therapy of central lymphatic leakage].","authors":"J Wagenpfeil, C C Pieper","doi":"10.1007/s00117-025-01437-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00117-025-01437-x","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Transnodal x‑ray lymphangiography has become increasingly important in recent years as it enables precise visualization of the anatomy, function and pathologies of the central lymphatic system. It is usually performed after ultrasound-guided puncture of a lymph node with injection of an oily contrast medium.Objective: The aim of this study is to present the basic principles of transnodal x‑ray lymphangiography and the interventional treatment options for central lymphatic pathologies.Results: Regardless of the specific cause of the lymphatic pathology, transnodal lymphangiography is an effective and safe procedure which, in addition to its diagnostic value, can also have a therapeutic effect on lymphatic leakage. However, due to the employed oily contrast medium, it's purely diagnostic use in patients with lymphoedema is not advisable.Conclusion: Nodal lymphangiography also forms the basis for targeted interventional radiological treatments (e.g. lymph vessel embolization) of a wide range of often rare lymphatic diseases. Interventional methods are often more precise, faster and less-invasive than surgical procedures and have lower morbidity and mortality rates.","PeriodicalId":74635,"journal":{"name":"Radiologie (Heidelberg, Germany)","volume":" ","pages":"339-346"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143766083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Lymphatic system and lymphangiography]. [淋巴系统和淋巴管造影]。

Radiologie (Heidelberg, Germany) Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-29 DOI: 10.1007/s00117-025-01442-0

Claus C Pieper, Ulrike Attenberger

引用次数: 0

[Role of social media in radiology]. [社会媒体在放射学中的作用]。

Radiologie (Heidelberg, Germany) Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-07 DOI: 10.1007/s00117-025-01444-y

Lukas Müller, Mirjam Gerwing, Daniel Pinto Dos Santos

引用次数: 0