Psykhe : revista de la Escuela de Psicologia, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile最新文献_第9页

Adaptación y Validación en Español de la Self-Concealment Scale 西班牙语自我封闭量表的适应和验证

Psykhe : revista de la Escuela de Psicologia, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile Pub Date : 2020-08-19 DOI: 10.7764/PSYKHE.29.2.1220

Catalina Letelier, Paula Errázuriz

{"title":"Adaptación y Validación en Español de la Self-Concealment Scale","authors":"Catalina Letelier, Paula Errázuriz","doi":"10.7764/PSYKHE.29.2.1220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/PSYKHE.29.2.1220","url":null,"abstract":"Se presenta la adaptacion al espanol y validacion en una muestra chilena por conveniencia de la Escala de Auto-Ocultamiento (Self-Concealment Scale) de Larson y Chastain (1990). Participaron 193 adultos (100 hombres y 93 mujeres), con una edad media de 28,39 anos ( DE = 8,75), distribuidos en 3 grupos de la Region Metropolitana: 53 estudiantes universitarios, 64 estudiantes de un instituto de capacitacion y 76 profesionales y dirigentes de una fundacion sin fines de lucro. Para examinar la validez de la version en espanol, se realizo un analisis factorial confirmatorio. Los resultados permiten inferir que la version en espanol tiene propiedades psicometricas satisfactorias, presentando una alta consistencia interna (α = 0,85) y una aceptable estabilidad a traves del tiempo ( r = 0,74). Al igual que la escala original, la version en espanol validada resulto ser unidimensional y las puntuaciones de la escala se correlacionaron directamente con sintomatologia depresiva y ansiosa, medida a traves del Outcome Questionnaire 30.2 (OQ 30.2). Estos hallazgos avalan el uso de la version en espanol de la EAO en poblacion de habla hispana.","PeriodicalId":74611,"journal":{"name":"Psykhe : revista de la Escuela de Psicologia, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90098986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Una Exploración de las Propiedades Espaciales Desde la Lógica de los Programas de Estímulo 从刺激计划的逻辑出发对空间属性的探索

Psykhe : revista de la Escuela de Psicologia, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile Pub Date : 2020-08-19 DOI: 10.7764/psykhe.29.2.1548

F. Espinosa, V. Becerra, Mauricio Ortega González, Carlos de Jesús Torres Ceja, Carlos Javier Flores Aguirre

{"title":"Una Exploración de las Propiedades Espaciales Desde la Lógica de los Programas de Estímulo","authors":"F. Espinosa, V. Becerra, Mauricio Ortega González, Carlos de Jesús Torres Ceja, Carlos Javier Flores Aguirre","doi":"10.7764/psykhe.29.2.1548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/psykhe.29.2.1548","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper was to explore the effect of varying the spatial distance between the liquid dispenser and the light-lever set on spatial location and response rate in rats. Based on the logic of temporally defined schedules, an experiment was designed in which a spatial property of the stimuli (distance) was manipulated while the temporal properties remained relatively stable. Group 1 was exposed to 3 phases in which the distance between the liquid dispenser and the light-lever set increased. Group 2 was exposed to similar conditions, but the spatial distance decreased as the phases progressed. T cycle length was 30 s and the probability of reinforcement was 1. The reinforcer (water) was delivered at the end of the cycle. The subjects were 8 female Wistar rats. Extended conditioning chambers were used in which the stimulation devices could be placed in different locations. Results showed that rats stayed longer in the zone near the liquid dispenser even after it changed location. Also, the response rate showed low levels for all rats throughout the experiment; however, this was a function of spatial contiguity. Wilcoxon and Mann–Whitney U non-parametric tests were used in the statistical analysis. Some spatial properties such as cardinal location or geographic distribution are proposed, which could be studied parametrically and integrated into stimulus schedules.","PeriodicalId":74611,"journal":{"name":"Psykhe : revista de la Escuela de Psicologia, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78405978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Identificación de las Creencias de los Investigadores en Psicología Relacionadas a la Publicación de Replicaciones 确定心理学研究人员与复制发表相关的信念

Psykhe : revista de la Escuela de Psicologia, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile Pub Date : 2020-08-06 DOI: 10.7764/PSYKHE.29.2.1498

Claudio Bustos Navarrete, Natalia Zañartu Canihuante, P. Lagos, A. D. Mujica

{"title":"Identificación de las Creencias de los Investigadores en Psicología Relacionadas a la Publicación de Replicaciones","authors":"Claudio Bustos Navarrete, Natalia Zañartu Canihuante, P. Lagos, A. D. Mujica","doi":"10.7764/PSYKHE.29.2.1498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/PSYKHE.29.2.1498","url":null,"abstract":"Las recomendaciones para solucionar la crisis de la replicabilidad en psicología han destacado el rol de las replicaciones, pero no se cuenta con información sobre los factores psicosociales que determinan su publicación. Usando como referencia la Teoría de la Conducta Planificada, el objetivo de la investigación fue comprender las creencias conductuales, normativas y de control relacionadas con la publicación de estudios de replicación directa, replicación conceptual y adaptación de instrumentos, en investigadores en psicología de Hispanoamérica y España. Se utilizó muestreo estratificado con afijación proporcional al tamaño de cada país, respondiendo 74 personas (tasa de respuesta = 12,2%), 58,1% de ellas mujeres, con una edad promedio de 43,45 años (DE = 9,78). Con un diseño de encuesta, se aplicó en línea el cuestionario Identificación de Creencias Relacionadas con la Publicación de Replicaciones, de respuesta abierta, asignándose aleatoriamente el tipo de replicación a contestar. El análisis de los datos se realizó mediante análisis temático. Los investigadores consideran que la publicación de los tres tipos de replicaciones es positiva para la ciencia. Sin embargo, las replicaciones conceptuales y directas son rechazadas por los editores de revistas y fuentes de financiamiento, no así la adaptación de instrumentos. Se destacan las tensiones metodológicas y epistemológicas producto de la adaptación de procedimientos e instrumentos provenientes de otras culturas.","PeriodicalId":74611,"journal":{"name":"Psykhe : revista de la Escuela de Psicologia, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85881053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Trayectorias Laborales de Mujeres y Violencia en el Trabajo: Una Cuestión de Género 妇女的工作轨迹与工作中的暴力:性别问题

Psykhe : revista de la Escuela de Psicologia, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile Pub Date : 2020-08-06 DOI: 10.7764/PSYKHE.29.2.1494

R. Undurraga, Natalia López Hornickel

{"title":"Trayectorias Laborales de Mujeres y Violencia en el Trabajo: Una Cuestión de Género","authors":"R. Undurraga, Natalia López Hornickel","doi":"10.7764/PSYKHE.29.2.1494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/PSYKHE.29.2.1494","url":null,"abstract":"El reconocimiento de la violencia en el trabajo ha aumentado en los últimos años (Cruz & Klinger, 2011). Recientemente en Chile, se ha comenzado a visibilizar la violencia de género en el trabajo (Díaz, Mauro, Ansoleaga & Toro, 2017). En esta línea, este estudio relaciona las trayectorias laborales de mujeres chilenas con la violencia de género en el trabajo. Es un estudio cualitativo que utiliza entrevistas semiestructuradas y biogramas para analizar las trayectorias laborales de mujeres profesionales y no-profesionales, residentes en Santiago de Chile. La muestra por conveniencia consta de 7 mujeres (24-62 años) que reportaron eventos de violencia laboral como hitos fundamentales en sus trayectorias. Se identificaron 3 tipos de violencia de género en el trabajo: (a) trato condescendiente, (b) discriminación frente a la maternidad y (c) acoso sexual. Ante estos hechos, se encuentran reacciones de resignación y resistencia, variando según el tipo de violencia, nivel educacional y experiencias subjetivas de las mujeres. El acoso sexual produce cambios laborales, siendo un punto de inflexión en sus trayectorias laborales. Se concluye que la violencia en el trabajo es típicamente una cuestión de género. Se insta a generar una cultura laboral libre de violencia de género.","PeriodicalId":74611,"journal":{"name":"Psykhe : revista de la Escuela de Psicologia, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83772877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Análisis Psicométrico de una Escala de Ayuda con el Modelo de Respuesta Graduada 使用分级反应模型的帮助量表的心理测量分析

Psykhe : revista de la Escuela de Psicologia, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile Pub Date : 2020-07-30 DOI: 10.7764/PSYKHE.29.2.1472

S. Auné, F. Abal, H. Attorresi

{"title":"Análisis Psicométrico de una Escala de Ayuda con el Modelo de Respuesta Graduada","authors":"S. Auné, F. Abal, H. Attorresi","doi":"10.7764/PSYKHE.29.2.1472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/PSYKHE.29.2.1472","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents the results of the application of the graded response model (GRM) to the items of the Helping Scale, an eight-item test which measures helping behavior, a type of prosocial behavior. A convenience sampling strategy was employed, which made it possible to enroll 1383 Argentine university students (80% women). 73.5% of the participants attended the University of Buenos Aires, 18.9% attended other national public universities, and 7.6% attended private universities in the City of Buenos Aires. One of the items, which referred to altruism, presented gender non-uniform differential functioning and was removed from the scale. The GRM assumptions of local independence and one-dimensionality were successfully corroborated with the chi square LD index and confirmatory factor analysis, respectively. After that, the GRM was implemented. Average threshold parameters tended to be located at middle and high levels of the trait scale, while slope parameters displayed high item capacity to distinguish between participants with different levels of helping behavior. The analysis of the information function of the test showed acceptable accuracy in a wide range of helping levels, encompassing most people. Reliability was also adequate. One item, which refers to the academic domain, exhibited a low and flat level of information and out-of-range threshold parameters; therefore, it will need to be reformulated.","PeriodicalId":74611,"journal":{"name":"Psykhe : revista de la Escuela de Psicologia, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85211661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

De la Cultura del Miedo a la Memoria Social: Una Lectura del Trabajo de Elizabeth Lira 从恐惧文化到社会记忆:对伊丽莎白·里拉作品的解读

Psykhe : revista de la Escuela de Psicologia, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile Pub Date : 2020-05-29 DOI: 10.7764/psykhe.29.1.1311

Daniela Jara Leiva

引用次数: 0

Síndrome de Burnout en Funcionarios de Prisiones 监狱官员的倦怠综合症

Psykhe : revista de la Escuela de Psicologia, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile Pub Date : 2020-05-29 DOI: 10.7764/PSYKHE.29.1.1292

Percy L. Álvarez-Cabrera, Fernando Chacón-Fuertes, Esteban Sánchez-Moreno

引用次数: 1

Apego al Lugar en Áreas Post-Desastre: el Caso de la Reocupación de la Ciudad de Chaitén, Chile 灾后地区的地方依附:智利chaiten市重新占领的案例

Psykhe : revista de la Escuela de Psicologia, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile Pub Date : 2020-05-29 DOI: 10.7764/PSYKHE.29.1.1327

L. Maldonado, Edmundo Kronmüller, Ignacio Gutiérrez Crocco

{"title":"Apego al Lugar en Áreas Post-Desastre: el Caso de la Reocupación de la Ciudad de Chaitén, Chile","authors":"L. Maldonado, Edmundo Kronmüller, Ignacio Gutiérrez Crocco","doi":"10.7764/PSYKHE.29.1.1327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/PSYKHE.29.1.1327","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the place attachment of the inhabitants of the city of Chaiten in Chile, a community affected by volcano eruption during 2008 that destroyed a large part of the locality. It is asked about the associations of place attachment with the direct experience of disaster and interpersonal trust. To answer the research question, we designed a survey that had instruments to measure place attachment, residence, and interpersonal trust. For the latter, the instrument measured trust in old and new inhabitants. The survey was applied during 2015 to 188 members of the population of Chaiten, who were selected from a two stage stratified sample by sector (north and south of Chaiten). Based on analysis of the data with linear regression models, the results indicate that the direct experience of the disaster increases place attachment and slightly moderates the association between it and interpersonal trust in the community. Trusting in old inhabitants’ increases place attachment only for the individuals that did not experiment the eruption. We did not find an association between trust in new inhabitants and place attachment. The research contributes to the knowledge of place attachment by suggesting that a disaster has positive long-term consequences on attachment, while proposing the need to qualify the recognized positive association between social bonds and this concept. Greater knowledge about place attachment in disaster contexts can favor reconstruction and mitigation process against new threats.","PeriodicalId":74611,"journal":{"name":"Psykhe : revista de la Escuela de Psicologia, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80857584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Formación en Psicología Comunitaria en una Universidad Chilena: Sistematización de un Trabajo Territorial con Migrantes 智利一所大学的社区心理学培训:移民领域工作的系统化

Psykhe : revista de la Escuela de Psicologia, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile Pub Date : 2020-05-29 DOI: 10.7764/psykhe.29.1.1223

Paula Riveros Ahumada, Rubén Alejandro Nilo Pérez, Bárbara Olivares Espinoza, María Isabel Reyes Espejo

{"title":"Formación en Psicología Comunitaria en una Universidad Chilena: Sistematización de un Trabajo Territorial con Migrantes","authors":"Paula Riveros Ahumada, Rubén Alejandro Nilo Pérez, Bárbara Olivares Espinoza, María Isabel Reyes Espejo","doi":"10.7764/psykhe.29.1.1223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/psykhe.29.1.1223","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents the results of an academic training experience in Community Psychology that has been ongoing since 2013 at a Chilean private university located in the city of Santiago. This ongoing experience was implemented through an institutional agreement with the Independencia municipality (urban area of Santiago) and has focused on the increasingly large migrant population present in this district. The experience is described considering the institutional framework made possible by the learning and service policy of the university, the educational approach adopted by the teaching team, and the assessment of all the local actors involved. This proposal is described through the documentary review and analysis of several written sources, 8 individual interviews with community members and municipality workers, 2 focus groups with students, and 14 surveys administered to teachers and students. Purposive sampling was used. The information is analyzed qualitatively using thematic analysis. Results describe the development of the training project within an institutional framework defined through a public policy that takes advantage of the migration context to implement interventions at a local level, thus responding to the social demands derived from the phenomenon.","PeriodicalId":74611,"journal":{"name":"Psykhe : revista de la Escuela de Psicologia, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76054048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Precursores de la Competencia Lectora Inicial en Escolares Hispanoparlantes de Nivel Socioeconómico Vulnerable 社会经济地位脆弱的西班牙语学童早期阅读能力的前兆

Psykhe : revista de la Escuela de Psicologia, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile Pub Date : 2020-05-29 DOI: 10.7764/PSYKHE.29.1.1403

Alejandra Balbi, Alexa von Hagen, Carola Ruiz, Ariel Cuadro

{"title":"Precursores de la Competencia Lectora Inicial en Escolares Hispanoparlantes de Nivel Socioeconómico Vulnerable","authors":"Alejandra Balbi, Alexa von Hagen, Carola Ruiz, Ariel Cuadro","doi":"10.7764/PSYKHE.29.1.1403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/PSYKHE.29.1.1403","url":null,"abstract":"The identification of precursors of early reading competence is a promising strategy to prevent reading difficulties. However, it remains unclear whether the available evidence is applicable to reading development in superficial orthographies, such as Spanish, and specifically to population of children from vulnerable backgrounds. To answer this question, multiple regression analysis was used to estimate the explanatory power of (a) expressive vocabulary, (b) phonological awareness, and (c) phoneme-grapheme correspondence skills—measured at the beginning of the first year of primary school—regarding the early reading competence of a purposive sample of 104 first and second grade Spanish-speaking children attending 6 vulnerable private schools in Montevideo, Uruguay. At the beginning of the first year of primary school, these 3 precursors explained 58% of the variance identified in early reading competence. However, one year later, at the beginning of second year of primary school, the same precursors only explained 12% of individual differences in early reading competence. These findings contribute to an empirical body of evidence for the identification of precursors of early reading competence in Spanish speaking children from vulnerable backgrounds.","PeriodicalId":74611,"journal":{"name":"Psykhe : revista de la Escuela de Psicologia, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74183325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2