Andreas Maier, H. Köstler, M. Heisig, P. Krauss, S. Yang
{"title":"Known operator learning and hybrid machine learning in medical imaging—a review of the past, the present, and the future","authors":"Andreas Maier, H. Köstler, M. Heisig, P. Krauss, S. Yang","doi":"10.1088/2516-1091/ac5b13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2516-1091/ac5b13","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, we perform a review of the state-of-the-art of hybrid machine learning in medical imaging. We start with a short summary of the general developments of the past in machine learning and how general and specialized approaches have been in competition in the past decades. A particular focus will be the theoretical and experimental evidence pro and contra hybrid modelling. Next, we inspect several new developments regarding hybrid machine learning with a particular focus on so-called known operator learning and how hybrid approaches gain more and more momentum across essentially all applications in medical imaging and medical image analysis. As we will point out by numerous examples, hybrid models are taking over in image reconstruction and analysis. Even domains such as physical simulation and scanner and acquisition design are being addressed using machine learning grey box modelling approaches. Towards the end of the article, we will investigate a few future directions and point out relevant areas in which hybrid modelling, meta learning, and other domains will likely be able to drive the state-of-the-art ahead.","PeriodicalId":74582,"journal":{"name":"Progress in biomedical engineering (Bristol, England)","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45347721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ge Song, Evan T Jelly, Kengyeh K Chu, Wesley Y Kendall, Adam Wax
{"title":"A review of low-cost and portable optical coherence tomography.","authors":"Ge Song, Evan T Jelly, Kengyeh K Chu, Wesley Y Kendall, Adam Wax","doi":"10.1088/2516-1091/abfeb7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2516-1091/abfeb7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a powerful optical imaging technique capable of visualizing the internal structure of biological tissues at near cellular resolution. For years, OCT has been regarded as the standard of care in ophthalmology, acting as an invaluable tool for the assessment of retinal pathology. However, the costly nature of most current commercial OCT systems has limited its general accessibility, especially in low-resource environments. It is therefore timely to review the development of low-cost OCT systems as a route for applying this technology to population-scale disease screening. Low-cost, portable and easy to use OCT systems will be essential to facilitate widespread use at point of care settings while ensuring that they offer the necessary imaging performances needed for clinical detection of retinal pathology. The development of low-cost OCT also offers the potential to enable application in fields outside ophthalmology by lowering the barrier to entry. In this paper, we review the current development and applications of low-cost, portable and handheld OCT in both translational and research settings. Design and cost-reduction techniques are described for general low-cost OCT systems, including considerations regarding spectrometer-based detection, scanning optics, system control, signal processing, and the role of 3D printing technology. Lastly, a review of clinical applications enabled by low-cost OCT is presented, along with a detailed discussion of current limitations and outlook.</p>","PeriodicalId":74582,"journal":{"name":"Progress in biomedical engineering (Bristol, England)","volume":"3 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10465117/pdf/nihms-1876750.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10136155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Scaffold-free and scaffold-based cellular strategies and opportunities for cornea tissue engineering","authors":"Z. Hussain, R. Pei","doi":"10.1088/2516-1091/AC12D7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2516-1091/AC12D7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74582,"journal":{"name":"Progress in biomedical engineering (Bristol, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45865205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Advances on gradient scaffolds for osteochondral tissue engineering","authors":"J. Oliveira, V. Ribeiro, R. Reis","doi":"10.1088/2516-1091/abfc2c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2516-1091/abfc2c","url":null,"abstract":"The osteochondral (OC) tissue is one of the most hierarchical and complex structures known and it is composed by two main compartments of hyaline articular cartilage and subchondral bone. It exhibits unique cellular and molecular transitions from the cartilage to the bone layers. OC diseases such as osteoarthritis and traumatic lesions may affect the articular cartilage, calcified cartilage (interface region) and subchondral bone, thus posing great regenerative challenges. Tissue engineering (TE) principles can offer novel technologies and combinatorial approaches that can better recapitulate the biological OC challenges and complexity in terms of biochemical, mechanical, structural and metabolic gradients, and ultimately can provide biofunctional 3D scaffolds with high reproducibility, versatility and adaptability to each patient’s needs, as it occurs in OC tissue defects. The recent reports and future directions dealing with gradient scaffolds for OCTE strategies are overviewed herein. A special focus on clinical translation/regulatory approval is given.","PeriodicalId":74582,"journal":{"name":"Progress in biomedical engineering (Bristol, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47222130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jing Ye, Xiawei Dong, Hui Jiang, Yunzhu Chen, Chunhui Wu, Xuemei Wang
{"title":"Hybrid nanomaterials-based biomedical phototheranostic platforms","authors":"Jing Ye, Xiawei Dong, Hui Jiang, Yunzhu Chen, Chunhui Wu, Xuemei Wang","doi":"10.1088/2516-1091/abf821","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2516-1091/abf821","url":null,"abstract":"The new hybrid nanomaterials have unique nanoparticle surface modification or core characteristics, with two or more chemical, physical, and optical properties. They have shown more personalized application prospects in disease management and treatment, and can significantly improve the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases. This article reviews the synthesis methods and structural characteristics of a series of new hybrid nanomaterials recently produced, including metallic oxide-containing hybrid nanomaterials, biopolymers-containing hybrid nanomaterials and in situ biosynthesis of hybrid nanomaterials. We focus on applying various types of hybrid nanomaterials in magnetic resonance imaging, photoacoustic, fluorescence imaging, and computed tomography imaging technology. At the same time, it summarizes the therapeutic effects of theranostics, cancer immunotherapy, photomedicine, and photothermal therapy under the guidance of imaging diagnosis. Finally, we briefly analyze the challenges in biomedical applications by hybrid materials as a nano-platform for imaging diagnosis and treatment and provides suggestions for future research in this field.","PeriodicalId":74582,"journal":{"name":"Progress in biomedical engineering (Bristol, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41407055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rasheed El-Bouri, Thomas Taylor, Alexey Youssef, Tingting Zhu, David A Clifton
{"title":"Machine learning in patient flow: a review.","authors":"Rasheed El-Bouri, Thomas Taylor, Alexey Youssef, Tingting Zhu, David A Clifton","doi":"10.1088/2516-1091/abddc5","DOIUrl":"10.1088/2516-1091/abddc5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This work is a review of the ways in which machine learning has been used in order to plan, improve or aid the problem of moving patients through healthcare services. We decompose the patient flow problem into four subcategories: prediction of demand on a healthcare institution, prediction of the demand and resource required to transfer patients from the emergency department to the hospital, prediction of potential resource required for the treatment and movement of inpatients and prediction of length-of-stay and discharge timing. We argue that there are benefits to both approaches of considering the healthcare institution as a whole as well as the patient by patient case and that ideally a combination of these would be best for improving patient flow through hospitals. We also argue that it is essential for there to be a shared dataset that will allow researchers to benchmark their algorithms on and thereby allow future researchers to build on that which has already been done. We conclude that machine learning for the improvement of patient flow is still a young field with very few papers tailor-making machine learning methods for the problem being considered. Future works should consider the need to transfer algorithms trained on a dataset to multiple hospitals and allowing for dynamic algorithms which will allow real-time decision-making to help clinical staff on the shop floor.</p>","PeriodicalId":74582,"journal":{"name":"Progress in biomedical engineering (Bristol, England)","volume":"3 2","pages":"022002"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8559147/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39591933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ziyi Yu, N. Jiang, S. Kazarian, S. Tasoglu, A. Yetisen
{"title":"Optical sensors for continuous glucose monitoring","authors":"Ziyi Yu, N. Jiang, S. Kazarian, S. Tasoglu, A. Yetisen","doi":"10.1088/2516-1091/abe6f8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2516-1091/abe6f8","url":null,"abstract":"For decades, diabetes mellitus has been of wide concern with its high global prevalence, resulting in increasing social and financial burdens for individuals, clinical systems and governments. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) has become a popular alternative to the portable finger-prick glucometers available in the market for the convenience of diabetic patients. Hence, it has attracted much interest in various glucose sensing technologies to develop novel glucose sensors with better performance and longer lifetime, especially non-invasive or minimally invasive glucose sensing. Effort has also been put into finding biocompatible materials for implantable applications to achieve effective in vivo CGM. Here, we review the state-of-the-art researches in the field of CGM. The currently commercially available CGM technologies have been analyzed and a summary is provided of the potential types of recently researched non-invasive glucose monitors. Furthermore, the challenges and advances towards implantable applications have also been introduced and discussed, especially the novel biocompatible hydrogel aimed at minimizing the adverse impact from foreign-body response. In addition, a large variety of promising glucose-sensing technologies under research have been reviewed, from traditional electrochemical-based glucose sensors to novel optical and other electrical glucose sensors. The recent development and achievement of the reviewed glucose sensing technologies are discussed, together with the market analysis in terms of the statistical data for the newly published patents in the related field. Thus, the promising direction for future work in this field could be concluded.","PeriodicalId":74582,"journal":{"name":"Progress in biomedical engineering (Bristol, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46563234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ali Reza Torabi, A. Nazari, Everly Conrad-Baldwin, Kourosh Zareinia, M. Tavakoli
{"title":"Kinematic design of linkage-based haptic interfaces for medical applications: a review","authors":"Ali Reza Torabi, A. Nazari, Everly Conrad-Baldwin, Kourosh Zareinia, M. Tavakoli","doi":"10.1088/2516-1091/abee66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2516-1091/abee66","url":null,"abstract":"A haptic interface recreates haptic feedback from virtual environments or haptic teleoperation systems that engages the user’s sense of touch. High-fidelity haptic feedback is critical to the safety and success of any interaction with human beings. Such interactions can be seen in haptic systems utilized in medical fields, such as for surgical training, robotic tele-surgery, and tele-rehabilitation, which require appropriate haptic interface design and control. In order to recreate high-fidelity soft and stiff contact experiences for the user in the intended application, different designs strike different trade-offs between the desirable characteristics of an interface, such as back-drivability, low apparent inertia and low friction for the best perception of small reflected forces, large intrinsic stiffness and force feedback capability for the best perception of large reflected forces, a large-enough workspace for exploring the remote or virtual environment, and the uniformity of haptic feedback and its adequate sensitivity over the workspace. Meeting all of the requirements simultaneously is impossible, and different application-driven compromises need to be made. This paper reviews how various kinematic designs have helped address these trade-offs in desired specifications. First, we investigate the required characteristics of linkage-based haptic interfaces and inevitable trade-offs between them. Then, we study the state of the art in the kinematic design of haptic interfaces and their advantages and limitations. In all sections, we consider the applications of the intended haptic interfaces in medical scenarios. Non-linkage-based haptic interfaces are also shortly discussed to show the broad range of haptic technologies in the area. The potentials of kinematic redundancy to address the design trade-offs are introduced. Current challenges and future directions of haptic interface designs for medical applications are shortly discussed, which is finally followed by the conclusion.","PeriodicalId":74582,"journal":{"name":"Progress in biomedical engineering (Bristol, England)","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41334194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kelli R Williams, Nicole N. Hashemi, Mia Riddley, Gabriel A. Clarke, Nkechinyere Igwe, Dena Elnagib, R. Montazami
{"title":"Progress of graphene devices for electrochemical biosensing in electrically excitable cells","authors":"Kelli R Williams, Nicole N. Hashemi, Mia Riddley, Gabriel A. Clarke, Nkechinyere Igwe, Dena Elnagib, R. Montazami","doi":"10.1088/2516-1091/abe55b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2516-1091/abe55b","url":null,"abstract":"Traumatic brain injury and other neurological disorders continue to affect many worldwide and demand further research. It has been shown that electrical signaling and ion channel flow and dynamics are disrupted over the course of a traumatic brain injury as well as over the course of other neurological disorders. However, typical devices used to measure ion flow and electrical signaling from the brain suffer from complexity, high expense, poor spacial and temporal resolution, and low signal to noise ratios. Graphene has emerged as an economical and simple alternative to sensing electrical and ionic signals in a variety of biological situations. This material has emerged as a power material due to its excellent strength, electrical conductivity, and biocompatibility. This review paper focuses on the advantages of the different graphene-based electronic devices and how these devices are being developed into biosensors capable of sensing neuronal ionic and electrical activity and activity from other electrically excitable cells.","PeriodicalId":74582,"journal":{"name":"Progress in biomedical engineering (Bristol, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49329262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Engineering co-emergence in organoid models","authors":"I. Vasić, T. McDevitt","doi":"10.1088/2516-1091/abe41e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2516-1091/abe41e","url":null,"abstract":"Pluripotent stem cell-derived organoids provide in vitro models of development and disease that can be used for a wide range of biomedical applications, including high-throughput screens or regenerative medicine. The ability of stem cells to self-renew and self-organize in three dimensions is the basis for creating highly structured multicellular organoid models. However, progress in clinical translation of organoid technologies has been stymied by the stochastic nature of stem cell differentiation within organoids, which leads to inconsistent cell type maturity, tissue function, reproducibility, and control over macroscale structure and phenotype(s). Advances in our understanding of developmental biology and the mechanisms which regulate symmetry breaking and pattern formation in the embryo have led to new approaches for engineering cooperative emergence (co-emergence) in organoid models to address these challenges.","PeriodicalId":74582,"journal":{"name":"Progress in biomedical engineering (Bristol, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46412783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}