Porto biomedical journal最新文献

{"title":"Medical therapeutics with an ecological concern.","authors":"José Pedro L Nunes","doi":"10.1097/j.pbj.0000000000000255","DOIUrl":"10.1097/j.pbj.0000000000000255","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74479,"journal":{"name":"Porto biomedical journal","volume":"9 3","pages":"255"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11191036/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141443888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic accuracy of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and neutrophil-lymphocyte-to-platelet ratio biomarkers in predicting bacteremia and sepsis in immunosuppressive patients with cancer: literature review.","authors":"Jose Manuel Martinez, Ana Espírito Santo, Diana Ramada, Filipa Fontes, Rui Medeiros","doi":"10.1097/j.pbj.0000000000000254","DOIUrl":"10.1097/j.pbj.0000000000000254","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This literature review explores the role of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and neutrophil-lymphocyte-to-platelet ratio (NLPR) biomarkers, as potential indicators for predicting bacteremia and sepsis in patients with cancer.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Tracing the evolution of interest in this area since 2001, the aim of this review was to report a comprehensive overview of current knowledge and gaps, particularly in patients undergoing immunosuppression.</p><p><strong>Summary of findings: </strong>The literature research indicates the potential of NLR, PLR, and other biomarkers in diagnosing and predicting sepsis, with some studies emphasizing their value in mortality prediction. A specific focus on bacteremia shows the effectiveness of NLR and PLR as early indicators and prognostic tools, though mostly in noncancer patient populations. While NLR and PLR are promising in general cancer patient populations, the review addresses the challenges in applying these biomarkers to patients with neutropenic and lymphopenic cancer. The NLPR could be considered a significant biomarker for inflammation and mortality risk in various medical conditions, yet its diagnostic accuracy in patients with immunosuppressed cancer is not extensively validated.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This review offers a snapshot of the current research on biomarkers in patients with immunocompromised cancer in the sepsis and bacteremia area. More focused research on their application is necessary. This gap underscores an opportunity for future studies to enhance diagnostic and prognostic capabilities in this high-risk group.</p>","PeriodicalId":74479,"journal":{"name":"Porto biomedical journal","volume":"9 3","pages":"254"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11146520/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141249229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-dementia drugs: what is the evidence in advanced stages?","authors":"Daniel Ferreira, Noémi Nogueira, Joana Guimarães, Rui Araújo","doi":"10.1097/j.pbj.0000000000000251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/j.pbj.0000000000000251","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dementia is a major public health concern due to its increasing prevalence, substantial caregiver burden, and high financial costs. Currently, the anti-dementia drugs aim only at a symptomatic effect. The subject of prescribing these drugs in advanced stages is a matter of considerable debate, with different countries making distinct recommendations. In this review article, we analyzed the evidence regarding cognitive and functional outcomes, adverse events, health-related costs, and caregiver burden in patients with advanced Alzheimer disease (AD) and mixed dementia. We included 35 studies. Most studies are heterogeneous, focus exclusively on AD, and show small benefits in terms of cognitive and functional scales. The overall evidence seems to suggest a benefit in introducing or maintaining anti-dementia drugs in patients with advanced dementia, but clinical meaningfulness is difficult to ascertain. The issue of costs and caregiver burden is significantly underexplored in this field but also seems to favor treatment continuation, despite a reduced overall effect. The decision of introducing or withdrawing anti-dementia drugs in advanced stages of dementia should be individualized. Future studies with homogeneous designs and outcomes are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":74479,"journal":{"name":"Porto biomedical journal","volume":"9 2","pages":"251"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11060217/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140853841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early feeding and nutritional status of Portuguese children in the first 36 months of life: EPACI Portugal 2012-a national representative cross-sectional study.","authors":"Margarida Nazareth, Elisabete Pinto, Milton Severo, Pedro Graça, Carla Lopes, Carla Rêgo","doi":"10.1097/j.pbj.0000000000000250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/j.pbj.0000000000000250","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Early feeding practices have a critical role in the future not only in health but also in modulating eating habits. This study aimed to assess breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices and the nutritional status of Portuguese toddlers aged 0-36 months.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>EPACI Portugal 2012 is a cross-sectional study of a national representative sample. Trained interviewers collected data about early feeding practices and anthropometrics. Body mass index was classified according to World Health Organization criteria. Frequencies and survival analysis were used to characterize variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>More than 90% of children were initiated breastfeeding, around 20% were exclusively breastfed for six months, and about 20% were breastfed at 12 months while complementary feeding was taking place. Exclusive breastfeeding was determined by maternal prepregnancy body mass index (HR 1.01; 95% CI 1.00, 1.03, <i>P</i>=.03) and low birth weight (HR 1.61; IC 95% 1.21, 2.15, <i>P</i>=.001) of the infants. About 90% were initiated complementary feeding between four and six months, and almost 10% were introduced to cow's milk before 12 months. In the second year of life, 83.2% and 61.6% of toddlers have already consumed nectars and sweet desserts, respectively. About one-third of Portuguese toddlers showed a body mass index z-score >1, and 6.6% were overweight/obese (z-score >2). No association was found between the duration of breastfeeding or timing of complementary feeding and the body mass index z-score in children.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite the low prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding at six months, Portuguese infants effectively comply with dietary recommendations during the first year of life. The transition to the family diet must be carefully made. There is a high prevalence of Portuguese toddlers at least at overweight risk. The duration of breastfeeding or timing of complementary feeding was not associated with the expression of overweight/obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":74479,"journal":{"name":"Porto biomedical journal","volume":"9 2","pages":"250"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11049788/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140874141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concurrent infection of dengue virus with malaria parasites among outpatients attending healthcare facilities in Benin city, Nigeria.","authors":"Joy Zitgwai Saidu, Rachel Obhade Okojie","doi":"10.1097/j.pbj.0000000000000249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/j.pbj.0000000000000249","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dengue virus (DENV) and malaria parasites (MP) are among the common febrile diseases affecting the tropics and subtropics of the world. Both are mosquito-borne pathogens affecting humans and other animals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Blood samples were collected from 280 consented out-patients attending the selected hospitals and were analyzed. Malaria parasites were detected using microscopy and Malaria Ag Pf/Pan Rapid Test Device. Dengue virus was detected by serology and heminested reverse transcriptase PCR (hnRT-PCR) to target the flavivirus polymerase (NS5) gene.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Malaria parasites recorded a total positivity of 151 patients (53.9%) using microscopy, while DENV antibodies (DENV IgM and DENV IgG) were positive in 16 (5.7%) and 39 (13.9%) patients, respectively. There was a concurrent infection between MP/DENV IgM in 13 (4.6%) patients and MP/DENV IgG in 27 (9.6%) patients. Molecular identification revealed DENV serotype 2 in circulation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study documents molecular evidence of dengue virus coexisting with malaria parasites in the study population, hence the need for efficient surveillance and control system.</p>","PeriodicalId":74479,"journal":{"name":"Porto biomedical journal","volume":"9 2","pages":"249"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11013702/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140872510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary thyroid lymphoma: a case of postoperative diagnosis in a patient with toxic multinodular goiter","authors":"Margarida Nunes Coelho, Filipe Cunha, Joana Isabel Almeida, Tatiana Santos, Isabel Marques","doi":"10.1097/j.pbj.0000000000000246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/j.pbj.0000000000000246","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74479,"journal":{"name":"Porto biomedical journal","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140076954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic impact of thrombocytosis in gastric cancer—A retrospective study","authors":"B. Castro, Catarina Costa, Daniel Martins, A. Amado, Mariana Santos, Susana Graça, Amélia Tavares, António Ferreira, F. Viveiros, Sílvio Vale, Manuel Oliveira","doi":"10.1097/j.pbj.0000000000000247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/j.pbj.0000000000000247","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract BACKGROUND: Solid tumors are a common cause of secondary thrombocytosis, which has been identified as a prognostic factor in various cancers. However, the impact of thrombocytosis on the prognosis of gastric cancer is not yet well defined. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and prognostic value of thrombocytosis in patients with gastric cancer. METHODS: This was a retrospective study of patients with gastric carcinoma treated surgically, with curative intent, in our hospital, Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, between January 2009 and December 2019. Clinical files were consulted and clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed. RESULTS: In the present sample (n = 352), the prevalence of pretreatment thrombocytosis was 16.5%. Thrombocytosis was associated with more advanced T stage, greater number of metastatic nodes, and more frequent lymphatic and venous permeation. The presence of thrombocytosis had a negative impact on disease-free survival (hazard ratio [HR] 3.54, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.35–5.33, P < .001) and overall survival (HR 4.45, 95% CI 2.95–6.71, P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: The presence of pretreatment thrombocytosis had a negative impact on overall survival and disease-free survival and thus could be used as an independent prognostic factor.","PeriodicalId":74479,"journal":{"name":"Porto biomedical journal","volume":"45 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140076801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aggressiveness in systemic anticancer therapy at the end of life in an oncology center","authors":"J. Ferraz-Gonçalves, Inês Silva, Patrícia Redondo, M. Luís","doi":"10.1097/j.pbj.0000000000000248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/j.pbj.0000000000000248","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: An increasing aggressiveness in cancer treatment at the end of life (EoL) has been reported in several, but not all, countries. This study aimed to see how aggressive cancer treatment is at the EoL in an oncology center. Methods: Retrospective study of patients 18 years or older with a solid cancer diagnosis who died in 2017. The focus was systemic anticancer therapy (SACT), excluding hormonotherapy. Results: In 2017, 2024 patients with solid tumors died. Of those patients, 1262 (62%) were male, and the median age was 69 (range 19–97) years. The most frequent primary cancer was lung cancer, followed by colorectal and stomach cancers, and 740 (37%) patients had metastatic disease. The median interval between SACT and death was 61 days. Of the patients undergoing SACT, 216 (27%) did it in the last month of life, 174 (22%) between 8 and 30 days from death, and 42 (5%) in the last week. On multivariable analysis, head and neck, colorectal, breast, and melanoma primaries; age group (older than 65 years); and metastatic disease had statistical significance associated with SACT. Of these variables, only metastatic disease is more likely to undergo SACT. Conclusion: This study confirms the relatively frequent aggressiveness in cancer treatment at the EoL. Taking into consideration previously published data, it can be tentatively concluded that the use of SACT increased in the last month and the last week of life.","PeriodicalId":74479,"journal":{"name":"Porto biomedical journal","volume":"51 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140077113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A rare case of syphilitic uveitis in a 61-year-old non-HIV woman","authors":"Rita Oliveira, Lídia Carvalho, Angélica Ramos, Maria João Cardoso, João Tiago Guimarães","doi":"10.1097/j.pbj.0000000000000242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/j.pbj.0000000000000242","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74479,"journal":{"name":"Porto biomedical journal","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139525440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated with the malnutrition inflammation score (MIS) among hemodialysis patients in Dhaka city: a cross-sectional study in tertiary care hospitals.","authors":"Khanum Un Homaira Bint Harun, Mahbuba Kawser, Mohammad Hayatun Nabi, Dipak Kumar Mitra","doi":"10.1097/j.pbj.0000000000000243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/j.pbj.0000000000000243","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive disease that leads to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Malnutrition increases the risk of mortality among patients with ESRD. This study aimed to determine malnutrition prevalence and associated factors among twice-weekly (n = 94/120) and thrice-weekly (n = 26/120) hemodialysis patients/HDP.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted at two tertiary-level public hospitals in Dhaka city using a consecutive sampling technique from April to June 2021. Nutritional status was assessed by Malnutrition Inflammation Score (MIS). Multivariable ordinal logistic regression was performed to determine which socioeconomic, clinical, anthropometric, biochemical, and dietary factors are associated with MIS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of malnutrition was very high among HDP (severe 15.5%, mild/moderate 56.7%) with an average dialysis vintage of 28.7 months. Comorbidities (80.8%) and gastrointestinal symptoms/GIS (68.3%) were ubiquitous, and \"dialysis frequencies\" were not associated with MIS in bivariate analysis. Multivariable ordinal regression showed that anthropometric factors like mid-upper arm circumference/MUAC (adjusted odds ratio/AOR = 0.978), post-dialysis body mass index/BMI (AOR = 0.957), and biochemical parameters like albumin (AOR = 0.733) and TIBC/total iron binding capacity (AOR = 0.996) negatively (<i>P</i> < .05) associated with MIS. Moreover, having \"no GIS\" (AOR = 0.672, <i>P</i> < .001) was 33.0% less likely to be associated with MIS. Contrarily, as the month of dialysis increases, MIS increases by 22.0% (AOR = 1.22).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Significant associations of clinical, anthropometric, and biochemical characteristics with MIS indicate the importance of routine screening of the nutritional status of patients with CKD to improve health status and prevent protein-energy wasting. The MIS could be a simple, noninvasive tool for testing nutritional status in patients with CKD.</p>","PeriodicalId":74479,"journal":{"name":"Porto biomedical journal","volume":"9 1","pages":"243"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10857676/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139725276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}