PLOS climate最新文献

{"title":"Diversifying knowledge for climate change mitigation: Illuminating the common good and desirable futures","authors":"L. F. Hirt, Kari De Pryck","doi":"10.1371/journal.pclm.0000321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pclm.0000321","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74463,"journal":{"name":"PLOS climate","volume":"26 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138601921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How does extreme weather impact the climate change discourse? Insights from the Twitter discussion on hurricanes","authors":"Maddalena Torricelli, Max Falkenberg, Alessandro Galeazzi, Fabiana Zollo, Walter Quattrociocchi, Andrea Baronchelli","doi":"10.1371/journal.pclm.0000277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pclm.0000277","url":null,"abstract":"The public understanding of climate change plays a critical role in translating climate science into climate action. In the public discourse, climate impacts are often discussed in the context of extreme weather events. Here, we analyse 65 million Twitter posts and 240 thousand news media articles related to 18 major hurricanes from 2010 to 2022 to clarify how hurricanes impact the public discussion around climate change. First, we analyse news content and show that climate change is the most prominent non hurricane-specific topic discussed by the news media in relation to hurricanes. Second, we perform a comparative analysis between reliable and questionable news media outlets, finding that unreliable outlets frequently refer to climate-related conspiracies and preferentially use the term “global warming” over “climate change”. Finally, using geolocated data, we show that accounts in regions affected by hurricanes discuss climate change at a significantly higher rate than accounts in unaffected areas, with references to climate change increasing by, on average, 80% after impact, and up to 200% for the largest hurricanes. Our findings demonstrate how hurricanes have a key impact on the public awareness of climate change.","PeriodicalId":74463,"journal":{"name":"PLOS climate","volume":"6 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134991474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A productivity indicator for adaptation to climate change","authors":"Bradley L. Barnhart, Moriah Bostian, Rolf Färe, Shawna Grosskopf, Sophia M. Lochner","doi":"10.1371/journal.pclm.0000199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pclm.0000199","url":null,"abstract":"This study draws on economic index theory to construct a new indicator for adaptation to changing environmental conditions, most notably climate change, which may shift the production technology over time. Such environmental shifts are largely exogenous to firm decision making, for instance investments in research and development, which may also lead to technology change. Few existing measures of total factor productivity (TFP) make this distinction, between exogenous environmental shifts and shifts due to firm decision making or innovation. We introduce a nonparametric Luenberger productivity indicator for adaptation, which allows for decomposition of standard technology and efficiency change measures into both environmental and production components. We apply this framework to agricultural production in the US Mississippi River Basin for recent decades, working with USDA Census of Agriculture data at the county level and key climate conditions. We also match the production and climate data to estimates of Nitrogen loading over time, to incorporate water quality into the adaptation indicator. Our results indicate sustained overall productivity growth, for both agricultural production and nitrogen loading reductions, driven by technology gains outweighing efficiency losses. Decomposing further to the adaptation component, our results indicate modest overall adaptation gains, driven by both adaptation efficiency and technology gains.","PeriodicalId":74463,"journal":{"name":"PLOS climate","volume":"103 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134956732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate change, mental health, and reproductive decision-making: A systematic review","authors":"Hope Dillarstone, Laura J. Brown, Elaine C. Flores","doi":"10.1371/journal.pclm.0000236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pclm.0000236","url":null,"abstract":"The impact of climate change on reproductive decision-making is becoming a significant issue, with anecdotal evidence indicating a growing number of people factoring their concerns about climate change into their childbearing plans. Although empirical research has explored climate change and its relationship to mental health, as well as the motivations behind reproductive decision-making independently, a gap in the literature remains that bridges these topics at their nexus. This review endeavours to fill this gap by synthesising the available evidence connecting climate change-related concerns with reproductive decision-making and exploring the reasons and motivations behind this relationship. A systematic review using six databases was conducted to identify relevant literature. Included studies reported quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-methods data related to: (1) climate change, (2) mental health and wellbeing concerns, and (3) reproductive decision-making. Findings were synthesised narratively using a parallel-results convergent synthesis design and the quality of studies was appraised using three validated assessment tools. Four hundred and forty-six documents were screened using pre-defined inclusion criteria, resulting in the inclusion of thirteen studies. The studies were conducted between 2012 and 2022 primarily in Global North countries (e.g., USA, Canada, New Zealand, and European countries). Climate change concerns were typically associated with less positive attitudes towards reproduction and a desire and/or intent for fewer children or none at all. Four themes explaining this relationship were identified: uncertainty about the future of an unborn child, environmentalist views centred on overpopulation and overconsumption, meeting family subsistence needs, and environmental and political sentiments. The current evidence reveals a complex relationship between climate change concerns and reproductive decision-making, grounded in ethical, environmental, livelihood, and political considerations. Further research is required to better understand and address this issue with an intercultural approach, particularly among many highly affected Global South populations, to ensure comparability and generalisable results.","PeriodicalId":74463,"journal":{"name":"PLOS climate","volume":" 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135290901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preventing Lyme disease through identification of key beliefs","authors":"Pierre Valois, Catherine Bouchard, Cécile Aenishaenslin, Denis Talbot, Maxime Tessier, Roxane Pelletier, Beatriz Osorio-Rodriguez, David Bouchard","doi":"10.1371/journal.pclm.0000176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pclm.0000176","url":null,"abstract":"Lyme disease and other vector-borne diseases are on the rise because of climate change. In the province of Quebec, Canada, Lyme disease has become a public health problem deserving the attention of health authorities. Despite their recognized effectiveness at preventing tick-to-human transmission, rates of adoption of Lyme disease adaptive behaviours (LDAB) remain relatively low in the population. Using the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB), the aim of this study is to identify specific and actionable beliefs associated with the adoption of Lyme disease adaptive behaviours. Specifically, 2,011 people were surveyed to determine the decision-making process behind specific beliefs, which could be targeted for raising awareness. Statistically significant associations were found between the three determinants of the TPB (i.e., attitudes, perceived social pressure and perceived behavioral control) and the intention to adapt. In addition, the intention itself was significantly associated with adopting LDAB. Belief-based analyses indicated that 8 primary beliefs (4 behavioral beliefs, 2 normative beliefs, and 2 control beliefs) were associated with LDAB. Among these, control beliefs (barriers and facilitating factors) appeared to have the greatest impact on adaptation. These findings can be used to guide educational and awareness-raising campaigns to promote LDAB by changing or reinforcing these primary beliefs.","PeriodicalId":74463,"journal":{"name":"PLOS climate","volume":"19 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135590208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Levers for transformative nature-based adaptation initiatives in the Alps","authors":"Titouan Dubo, Ignacio Palomo, Aude Zingraff-Hamed, Enora Bruley, Guillaume Collain, Sandra Lavorel","doi":"10.1371/journal.pclm.0000193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pclm.0000193","url":null,"abstract":"Transformative adaptation is essential to face the unprecedented biodiversity and climate change crises and the resulting loss in Nature’s Contribution to People (NCP). Nature-based Solutions (NbS) can accelerate this transformation of social-ecological systems. Understanding the drivers of the decision-making context that support NbS implementation is crucial to address potential bottlenecks and barriers for such a transformative adaptation. Here, semi-structured interviews were conducted with managers of twenty NbS implemented in the Alps. Their decision-making contexts were investigated using the values - rules - knowledge framework and their transformative characteristics. A clustering analysis revealed three types of NbS characterized by specific groups of levers and barriers. Firstly, Local transformation NbS are self-sufficient initiatives motivated by relational values to nature. They are supported by informal governance and share experiential knowledge to support the adaptive capacity of nature. Secondly, Green deal NbS employ a gradual change in practices and are supported by funding opportunities or regulations to experiment with new approaches fostering instrumental values of nature. Thirdly, Multi-scale co-production NbS benefit larger areas and communities. Their social acceptance rest on extensive participatory processes involving local practitioners and diverse values of nature. This last group is designed to persist even when challenged by the instability of funding opportunities. These findings suggest that in order to accelerate the implementation of transformative NbS, future policies need to: i) foster NbS implementation by local communities facing economic constraints when implementing new NbS-related practices; ii) support transdisciplinary programmes to create an inclusive network around NbS practices; and iii) adapt incentives to enable transformative adaptation through NbS. A macro-regional strategy may have the potential to address these challenges.","PeriodicalId":74463,"journal":{"name":"PLOS climate","volume":"22 S2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135933225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unsettling NbS: A pathway towards shifting colonial power relations in nature-based solutions research and practice","authors":"Anwen Rees, Andréanne Doyon","doi":"10.1371/journal.pclm.0000307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pclm.0000307","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents a synthesis and analysis drawing from NbS Justice, NBS Indigenous and NbS more-than-human literature, Indigenous governance, Indigenous planning and coexistence planning literature. The aim of this paper is to contribute to understandings of NbS and colonialism through critical reflection, as well as provide tools for action to for researchers and practitioners. In settler-colonial contexts, NbS are colonizing by default. Colonialism operates through producing and growing power asymmetries, which exist in NbS research and practice. These power asymmetries are perpetuated and accelerated by settler NbS practitioners and researchers. However, knowledge co-production that embodies ethical space principles with Indigenous partners in NbS may support power redistribution. To support settler NbS practitioners and researchers, we present a potential process to support mutually beneficial knowledge co-production consisting of three stages; pre-engagement, internal engagement and external/collective engagement.","PeriodicalId":74463,"journal":{"name":"PLOS climate","volume":"147 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135271219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the USD 10+ trillion climate finance dilemma: Implications for the 2023 COP28 climate conference","authors":"Jacob Park","doi":"10.1371/journal.pclm.0000302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pclm.0000302","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74463,"journal":{"name":"PLOS climate","volume":"147 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135271352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Downscaled seasonal forecasts for the California Current System: Skill assessment and prospects for living marine resource applications","authors":"Michael G. Jacox, Mercedes Pozo Buil, Stephanie Brodie, Michael A. Alexander, Dillon J. Amaya, Steven J. Bograd, Christopher A. Edwards, Jerome Fiechter, Elliott L. Hazen, Gaelle Hervieux, Desiree Tommasi","doi":"10.1371/journal.pclm.0000245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pclm.0000245","url":null,"abstract":"Ocean forecasting is now widely recognized as an important approach to improve the resilience of marine ecosystems, coastal communities, and economies to climate variability and change. In particular, regionally tailored forecasts may serve as the foundation for a wide range of applications to facilitate proactive decision making. Here, we describe and assess ~30 years of retrospective seasonal (1–12 month) forecasts for the California Current System, produced by forcing a regional ocean model with output from a global forecast system. Considerable forecast skill is evident for surface and bottom temperatures, sea surface height, and upper ocean stratification. In contrast, mixed layer depth, surface wind stress, and surface currents exhibit little predictability. Ocean conditions tend to be more predictable in the first half of the year, owing to greater persistence for forecasts initialized in winter and dynamical forecast skill consistent with winter/spring influence of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) for forecasts initialized in summer. Forecast skill above persistence appears to come through the ocean more than through the atmosphere. We also test the sensitivity of forecast performance to downscaling method; bias correcting global model output before running the regional model greatly reduces bias in the downscaled forecasts, but only marginally improves prediction of interannual variability. We then tailor the physical forecast evaluation to a suite of potential ecological applications, including species distribution and recruitment, bycatch and ship-strike risk, and indicators of ecosystem change. This evaluation serves as a template for identifying promising ecological forecasts based on the physical parameters that underlie them. Finally, we discuss suggestions for developing operational forecast products, including methodological considerations for downscaling as well as the respective roles of regional and global forecasts.","PeriodicalId":74463,"journal":{"name":"PLOS climate","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135870987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Am I going to have to run to get out of this place?” A qualitative study exploring HIV clinical and service provider experiences from California regions heavily impacted by climate disaster","authors":"Lissa Moran, Shannon M. Fuller, Shivali Joshi, Simon Outram, Kimberly A. Koester, Wayne T. Steward, Emily A. Arnold","doi":"10.1371/journal.pclm.0000269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pclm.0000269","url":null,"abstract":"Maintaining continuity of HIV care and prevention resources is critical to the health, wellbeing, and at times survival of individuals who rely on those services. In California, disaster events and extreme conditions caused by climate change are becoming more frequent and intense, impacting many regions in what have become cycles of destruction and disruption. The HIV workforce, already under strain, must now contend with delivering services to clients during and in the wake of repeated climate-related events. From October 2021 to April 2022, using purposive and snowball sampling, we interviewed 18 HIV, sexual health, and harm reduction clinical and service providers in California counties heavily impacted by climate-related events. Participants were asked about their experiences providing services amid climate disasters, including reflections on client needs and strategies for maintaining continuity of care. Data were analyzed following the tenets of thematic analysis. We found that HIV, STI, and harm reduction service providers and their agencies play an integral role within their communities, both in maintaining continuity of essential services to clients during catastrophic events, as well as in disaster response as trusted community resources. We further found that individuals in these roles drive the innovations and adaptive strategies that allow their agencies to endure the shock and disruption of disaster events. Finally, we highlight the extent to which clinical and service providers experience harms due to cyclical climate disasters. We discuss existing research on health system resilience in the face of climate change, and identify a critical research gap: consideration of workforce needs is often limited to professional skills and capacity specific to caring for climate disaster survivors, rather than as support needed by workforce personnel who are survivors of disasters themselves. We propose recommendations for next steps and encourage further research on HIV workforce resilience in a new climate era.","PeriodicalId":74463,"journal":{"name":"PLOS climate","volume":"8 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134974075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}