Plant-environment interactions (Hoboken, N.J.)最新文献

{"title":"A multi-level approach reveals key physiological and molecular traits in the response of two rice genotypes subjected to water deficit at the reproductive stage.","authors":"Bénédicte Favreau, Camille Gaal, Isabela Pereira de Lima, Gaétan Droc, Sandrine Roques, Armel Sotillo, Florence Guérard, Valérie Cantonny, Bertrand Gakière, Julie Leclercq, Tanguy Lafarge, Marcel de Raissac","doi":"10.1002/pei3.10121","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pei3.10121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rice is more vulnerable to drought than maize, wheat, and sorghum because its water requirements remain high throughout the rice life cycle. The effects of drought vary depending on the timing, intensity, and duration of the events, as well as on the rice genotype and developmental stage. It can affect all levels of organization, from genes to the cells, tissues, and/or organs. In this study, a moderate water deficit was applied to two contrasting rice genotypes, IAC 25 and CIRAD 409, during their reproductive stage. Multi-level transcriptomic, metabolomic, physiological, and morphological analyses were performed to investigate the complex traits involved in their response to drought. Weighted gene network correlation analysis was used to identify the specific molecular mechanisms regulated by each genotype, and the correlations between gene networks and phenotypic traits. A holistic analysis of all the data provided a deeper understanding of the specific mechanisms regulated by each genotype, and enabled the identification of gene markers. Under non-limiting water conditions, CIRAD 409 had a denser shoot, but shoot growth was slower despite better photosynthetic performance. Under water deficit, CIRAD 409 was weakly affected regardless of the plant level analyzed. In contrast, IAC 25 had reduced growth and reproductive development. It regulated transcriptomic and metabolic activities at a high level, and activated a complex gene regulatory network involved in growth-limiting processes. By comparing two contrasting genotypes, the present study identified the regulation of some fundamental processes and gene markers, that drive rice development, and influence its response to water deficit, in particular, the importance of the biosynthetic and regulatory pathways for cell wall metabolism. These key processes determine the biological and mechanical properties of the cell wall and thus influence plant development, organ expansion, and turgor maintenance under water deficit. Our results also question the genericity of the antagonism between morphogenesis and organogenesis observed in the two genotypes.</p>","PeriodicalId":74457,"journal":{"name":"Plant-environment interactions (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":"4 5","pages":"229-257"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10564380/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41222851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Halomonas ventosae</i> JPT10 promotes salt tolerance in foxtail millet (<i>Setaria italica</i>) by affecting the levels of multiple antioxidants and phytohormones.","authors":"Shenghui Xiao, Yiman Wan, Yue Zheng, Yongdong Wang, Jiayin Fan, Qian Xu, Zheng Gao, Changai Wu","doi":"10.1002/pei3.10122","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pei3.10122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plant growth-promoting bacterias (PGPBs) can increase crop output under normal and abiotic conditions. However, the mechanisms underlying the plant salt tolerance-promoting role of PGPBs still remain largely unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that <i>Halomonas ventosae</i> JPT10 promoted the salt tolerance of both dicots and monocots. Physiological analysis revealed that JPT10 reduced reactive oxygen species accumulation by improving the antioxidant capability of foxtail millet seedlings. The metabolomic analysis of JPT10-inoculated foxtail millet seedlings led to the identification of 438 diversely accumulated metabolites, including flavonoids, phenolic acids, lignans, coumarins, sugar, alkaloids, organic acids, and lipids, under salt stress. Exogenous apigenin and chlorogenic acid increased the salt tolerance of foxtail millet seedlings. Simultaneously, JPT10 led to greater amounts of abscisic acid (ABA), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), salicylic acid (SA), and their derivatives but lower levels of 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA), jasmonate (JA), and JA-isoleucine (JA-Ile) under salt stress. Exogenous JA, methyl-JA, and OPDA intensified, whereas ibuprofen or phenitone, two inhibitors of JA and OPDA biosynthesis, partially reversed, the growth inhibition of foxtail millet seedlings caused by salt stress. Our results shed light on the response of foxtail millet seedlings to <i>H. ventosae</i> under salt stress and provide potential compounds to increase salt tolerance in foxtail millet and other crops.</p>","PeriodicalId":74457,"journal":{"name":"Plant-environment interactions (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":"4 5","pages":"275-290"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10564379/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41222849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative analysis of agronomic water-use efficiency and its proxy measures as derived from key morpho-physiological and supportive quantitative genetics attributes of perennial ryegrass under imposed drought.","authors":"L V Y Weerarathne, Z Jahufer, R Schäufele, I Lopez, C Matthew","doi":"10.1002/pei3.10123","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pei3.10123","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Water-use efficiency (WUE) is an under-researched but very important drought tolerance trait in forage breeding. This research estimated quantitative genetic parameters of morpho-physiological traits linked to agronomic water-use efficiency (WUE_A) and its proxy measures based on δ¹³C (WUE_i) or gas exchange (evapotranspiration, WUE_AET, or stomatal conductance WUE_ASC) of genotypes from half-sib families of <i>Lolium perenne</i> L. (PRG) in a simulated summer drought cycle. Principal component analysis (PCA) of trait data distinguished a group of PRG genotypes where high WUE_A and dry matter yield was associated with deep rooting, leaf hydration at more negative leaf osmotic and water potential, and reduced soil moisture depletion. Plants with this trait association sustained net assimilation and postdefoliation regrowth in drought. However, WUEi, WUE_ASC, and WUE_AET were poorly correlated with most traits of interest at <i>p</i> < .05. Another PCA revealed a weak association between WUE_A and its proxy measures under conditions tested. Quantitative genetic parameters including high estimates of narrow-sense heritability (<math><mrow><mrow><msubsup><mi>h</mi><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></msubsup><mo>></mo><mn>0.7</mn><mo>;</mo><mi>p</mi><mo><</mo><mn>.05</mn></mrow></mrow></math>) of WUE_A and related traits emphasized the genetic potential of the key trait combination for selecting PRG for improved drought tolerance. Research findings highlight the relative importance of WUE_A and its proxy measures in the broad definition of PRG drought tolerance for breeding purposes.</p>","PeriodicalId":74457,"journal":{"name":"Plant-environment interactions (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":"4 5","pages":"291-307"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10565840/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41222850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-invasive assessment of cultivar and sex of <i>Cannabis sativa</i> L. by means of hyperspectral measurement.","authors":"Andrea Matros, Patrick Menz, Alison R Gill, Armando Santoscoy, Tim Dawson, Udo Seiffert, Rachel A Burton","doi":"10.1002/pei3.10116","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pei3.10116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Cannabis sativa</i> L. is a versatile crop attracting increasing attention for food, fiber, and medical uses. As a dioecious species, males and females are visually indistinguishable during early growth. For seed or cannabinoid production, a higher number of female plants is economically advantageous. Currently, sex determination is labor-intensive and costly. Instead, we used rapid and non-destructive hyperspectral measurement, an emerging means of assessing plant physiological status, to reliably differentiate males and females. One industrial hemp (low tetrahydrocannabinol [THC]) cultivar was pre-grown in trays before transfer to the field in control soil. Reflectance spectra were acquired from leaves during flowering and machine learning algorithms applied allowed sex classification, which was best using a radial basis function (RBF) network. Eight industrial hemp (low THC) cultivars were field grown on fertilized and control soil. Reflectance spectra were acquired from leaves at early development when the plants of all cultivars had developed between four and six leaf pairs and in three cases only flower buds were visible (start of flowering). Machine learning algorithms were applied, allowing sex classification, differentiation of cultivars and fertilizer regime, again with best results for RBF networks. Differentiating nutrient status and varietal identity is feasible with high prediction accuracy. Sex classification was error-free at flowering but less accurate (between 60% and 87%) when using spectra from leaves at early growth stages. This was influenced by both cultivar and soil conditions, reflecting developmental differences between cultivars related to nutritional status. Hyperspectral measurement combined with machine learning algorithms is valuable for non-invasive assessment of <i>C. sativa</i> cultivar and sex. This approach can potentially improve regulatory security and productivity of cannabis farming.</p>","PeriodicalId":74457,"journal":{"name":"Plant-environment interactions (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":"4 5","pages":"258-274"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10564378/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41222852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temperature and soil nutrients drive seed traits variation in <i>Pterocarpus erinaceus</i> (African rosewood) in Ghana.","authors":"Padmore B Ansah, Shalom D Addo-Danso, Ebenezer J D Belford, Joseph M Asomaning, Abena B Asare-Ansah, Naomi A Fosu, Rosalinda A Ankobiah","doi":"10.1002/pei3.10120","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pei3.10120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Among plant populations, variation in seed traits has important consequences on species recruitment and performance under different environmental conditions. Knowing such variations and understanding its environmental drivers could help with conservation efforts that protect against the loss of diversity. This information is however lacking in the extinction-threatened <i>Pterocarpus erinaceus</i> Poir (African rosewood) in Ghana. Here, we assessed variation in seed set, seed morphological and chemical traits, germinability, and seedling growth of African rosewood from four distant provenances (Tumu, Wa, Carpenter, and Ejura) in Ghana. We sought to answer how local environmental conditions influence the expression of seed traits by examining the relationship between seed traits and maternal environmental factors (temperature, rainfall, soil nutrient, and vegetation index) using regression models and correlation analysis. Seed size, mass, and nutrient composition differed considerably among provenances. Seed size and mass increased as the seed source moved further away from the forest-savanna transition toward the Guineo-Sudanian savanna regions. Temperature mainly accounted for the variability observed in seed traits. Phenology curves of the seed source vegetation expressed a strong correlation with monthly rainfall. Overall, the occurrence of samara containing whole seeds was low (<50%) except for Tumu provenance. Seeds were rich in carbohydrate and crude protein content consistent with most leguminous plants while mean percentage germination ranged between 30 and 62% among provenances. Our results highlight the adaptive strategies of African rosewood to different environments through the expression of their seed traits and suggest the need for priority action to maintain its conservation.</p>","PeriodicalId":74457,"journal":{"name":"Plant-environment interactions (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":"4 4","pages":"215-227"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10423977/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10012704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A genotype × environment experiment reveals contrasting response strategies to drought between populations of a keystone species (<i>Artemisia tridentata</i>; Asteraceae).","authors":"Anthony E Melton, Kara Moran, Peggy Martinez, Paige Ellestad, Erin Milliken, Walker Morales, Andrew W Child, Bryce A Richardson, Marcelo Serpe, Stephen J Novak, Sven Buerki","doi":"10.1002/pei3.10119","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pei3.10119","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Western North America has been experiencing persistent drought exacerbated by climate change for over two decades. This extreme climate event is a clear threat to native plant communities. <i>Artemisia tridentata</i> is a keystone shrub species in western North America and is threatened by climate change, urbanization, and wildfire. A drought Genotype × Environment (G × E) experiment was conducted to assess phenotypic plasticity and differential gene expression in <i>A. tridentata</i>. The G × E experiment was performed on diploid <i>A. tridentata</i> seedlings from two populations (one from Idaho, USA and one from Utah, USA), which experience differing levels of drought stress during the summer months. Photosynthetic data, leaf temperature, and gene expression levels were compared between treatments and populations. The Utah population maintained higher photosynthetic rates and photosynthetic efficiency than the Idaho population under drought stress. The Utah population also exhibited far greater transcriptional plasticity than the Idaho population and expressed genes of response pathways distinct from those of the Idaho population. Populations of <i>A. tridentata</i> differ greatly in their drought response pathways, likely due to differences in response pathways that have evolved under distinct climatic regimes. Epigenetic processes likely contribute to the observed differences between the populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":74457,"journal":{"name":"Plant-environment interactions (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":"4 4","pages":"201-214"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10423975/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10012701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parallels between drought and flooding: An integrated framework for plant eco-physiological responses to water stress.","authors":"Siluo Chen, Kirsten H W J Ten Tusscher, Rashmi Sasidharan, Stefan C Dekker, Hugo J de Boer","doi":"10.1002/pei3.10117","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pei3.10117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Drought and flooding occur at opposite ends of the soil moisture spectrum yet their resulting stress responses in plants share many similarities. Drought limits root water uptake to which plants respond with stomatal closure and reduced leaf gas exchange. Flooding limits root metabolism due to soil oxygen deficiency, which also limits root water uptake and leaf gas exchange. As drought and flooding can occur consecutively in the same system and resulting plant stress responses share similar mechanisms, a single theoretical framework that integrates plant responses over a continuum of soil water conditions from drought to flooding is attractive. Based on a review of recent literature, we integrated the main plant eco-physiological mechanisms in a single theoretical framework with a focus on plant water transport, plant oxygen dynamics, and leaf gas exchange. We used theory from the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum modeling as \"backbone\" for our framework, and subsequently incorporated interactions between processes that regulate plant water and oxygen status, abscisic acid and ethylene levels, and the resulting acclimation strategies in response to drought, waterlogging, and complete submergence. Our theoretical framework provides a basis for the development of mathematical models to describe plant responses to the soil moisture continuum from drought to flooding.</p>","PeriodicalId":74457,"journal":{"name":"Plant-environment interactions (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":"4 4","pages":"175-187"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10423978/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10012703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using long-term data from a whole ecosystem warming experiment to identify best spring and autumn phenology models.","authors":"Christina Schädel, Bijan Seyednasrollah, Paul J Hanson, Koen Hufkens, Kyle J Pearson, Jeffrey M Warren, Andrew D Richardson","doi":"10.1002/pei3.10118","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pei3.10118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Predicting vegetation phenology in response to changing environmental factors is key in understanding feedbacks between the biosphere and the climate system. Experimental approaches extending the temperature range beyond historic climate variability provide a unique opportunity to identify model structures that are best suited to predicting phenological changes under future climate scenarios. Here, we model spring and autumn phenological transition dates obtained from digital repeat photography in a boreal <i>Picea</i>-<i>Sphagnum</i> bog in response to a gradient of whole ecosystem warming manipulations of up to +9°C, using five years of observational data. In spring, seven equally best-performing models <i>for Larix</i> utilized the accumulation of growing degree days as a common driver for temperature forcing. For <i>Picea</i>, the best two models were sequential models requiring winter chilling before spring forcing temperature is accumulated. In shrub, parallel models with chilling and forcing requirements occurring simultaneously were identified as the best models. Autumn models were substantially improved when a CO₂ parameter was included. Overall, the combination of experimental manipulations and multiple years of observations combined with variation in weather provided the framework to rule out a large number of candidate models and to identify best spring and autumn models for each plant functional type.</p>","PeriodicalId":74457,"journal":{"name":"Plant-environment interactions (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":"4 4","pages":"188-200"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10423976/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10012705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improved gross primary production estimation in rice fields through integrated multi-scale methodologies.","authors":"Bora Lee, Hyojung Kwon, Peng Zhao, John Tenhunen","doi":"10.1002/pei3.10109","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pei3.10109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding productivity in agricultural ecosystems is important, as it plays a significant role in modifying regional carbon balances and capturing carbon in the form of agricultural yield. This study in particular combines information from flux determinations using the eddy covariance (EC) methodology, process-based modeling of carbon gain, remotely (satellite) sensed vegetation indices (VIs), and field surveys to assess the gross primary production (GPP) of rice, which is a primary food crop worldwide. This study relates two major variables determining GPP. The first is leaf area index (LAI) and carboxylation capacity of the rice canopy (Vc_uptake), and the second being MODIS remotely sensed vegetation indices (VIs). Success in applying such derived relationships has allowed GPP to be remotely determined over the seasonal course of rice development. The relationship to VIs of both LAI and Vc_uptake was analyzed first by using the regression approaches commonly applied in remote sensing studies. However, the resultant GPP estimations derived from these generic models were not consistently accurate and led to a large proportion of underestimations. The new, alternative approach developed to estimate LAI and Vc_uptake uses consistent development curves for rice (i.e., relies on consistent biological regulations of plant development). The modeled GPP based on this consistent development curve for both LAI and Vc_uptake agreed with <i>R</i> ² from 0.76 to 0.92 (within the 95% confidence interval). The results of this study demonstrate that improved linkages between ground-based survey data, eddy flux measurements, process-based models, and remote sensing data can be constructed to estimate GPP in rice paddies. This study suggests further that the conceptual application of the consistent development curve, such as the combining of different scale measurements, has the potential to predict GPP better than the common practice of utilizing simple linear models, when seeking to estimate the critical parameters that influence carbon gain and agricultural yields.</p>","PeriodicalId":74457,"journal":{"name":"Plant-environment interactions (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":"4 3","pages":"163-174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10290427/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10074250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulating the impact of varying vegetation on West African monsoon surface fluxes using a regional convection-permitting model.","authors":"Adama Bamba, Kouakou Kouadio, N'Datchoh E Toure, Lawrence Jackson, John Marsham, Alex Roberts, Masaru Yoshioka, Sandrine Anquetin, Arona Diedhiou","doi":"10.1002/pei3.10107","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pei3.10107","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study assessed the sensitivity of the West African climate to varying vegetation fractions. The assessment of a such relationship is critical in understanding the interactions between land surface and atmosphere. Two sets of convection-permitting simulations from the UK Met Office Unified Model at 12 km horizontal resolution covering the monsoon period May-September (MJJAS) were used, one with fixed vegetation fraction (MF-V) and the other with time-varying vegetation fraction (MV-V). Vegetation fractions are based on MODIS retrievals between May and September. We focused on three climatic zones over West Africa: Guinea Coast, Sudanian Sahel, and the Sahel while investigating heat fluxes, temperature, and evapotranspiration. Results reveal that latent heat fluxes are the most strongly affected by vegetation fraction over the Sahelian and Sudanian regions while sensible heat fluxes are more impacted over the Guinea Coast and Sudanian Sahel. Also, in MV-V simulation there is an increase in evapotranspiration mainly over the Sahel and some specific areas in Guinea Coast from June to September. Moreover, it is noticed that high near-surface temperature is associated with a weak vegetation fraction, especially during May and June. Finally, varying vegetation seems to improve the simulation of surface energy fluxes and in turn impact on climate parameters. This suggests that climate modelers should prioritize the use of varying vegetation options to improve the representation of the West African climate system.</p>","PeriodicalId":74457,"journal":{"name":"Plant-environment interactions (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":"4 3","pages":"134-145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10290425/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9770426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}