Plant-environment interactions (Hoboken, N.J.)最新文献

Seed Germination in Phragmites australis and P. mauritianus: Effects of Salinity and Thermoperiod. 芦苇和毛利草种子萌发：盐度和热周期的影响。

Plant-environment interactions (Hoboken, N.J.) Pub Date : 2025-10-06 eCollection Date: 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/pei3.70091

L P Tshapa, K K Naidoo, S Shaik, G Naidoo

{"title":"Seed Germination in Phragmites australis and P. mauritianus: Effects of Salinity and Thermoperiod.","authors":"L P Tshapa, K K Naidoo, S Shaik, G Naidoo","doi":"10.1002/pei3.70091","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pei3.70091","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding species-specific salt and heat tolerance mechanisms provides valuable insights into colonization and zonation patterns in saline environments. To explore these mechanisms, this study investigated the effects of selected salinity and thermoperiod on seed germination in the African haplotypes of the common reeds, P. australis and P. mauritianus. The effect of salinity was determined by germinating seeds in 0%, 5%, 10%, 20%, and 50% seawater at alternating night/day temperatures of 15°C/25°C and 20°C/30°C for 21 days. In both species, the highest germination, seedling vigor, root length, and number of leaves were obtained in the non-saline control treatment. In P. australis, there was 100% seed germination in the non-saline controls in both thermoperiods, while in P. mauritianus, germination was 36% and 45% lower, respectively. Salinity did not affect the germination of P. australis at 15°C/25°C, but at 20°C/30°C, germination decreased. In P. mauritianus, seed germination decreased significantly with an increase in salinity in both thermoperiods. Salinity and 20°C/30°C thermoperiod significantly reduced biomass, leaf production, culm height, and root elongation in both species. Phragmites australis was more salt-tolerant than P. mauritianus, as germination percentage, biomass, root length, and seedling vigor index were higher in both thermoperiods. Neither species germinated at 5°C and 35°C/40°C thermoperiods; however, P. australis seeds exhibited higher viability as indicated by a greater germination recovery percentage compared to P. mauritianus. Phragmites australis seeds are lighter, fluffier, more viable, disperse easily, and may contribute to its ability to colonize a greater diversity of habitats compared to P. mauritianus.","PeriodicalId":74457,"journal":{"name":"Plant-environment interactions (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":"6 5","pages":"e70091"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12500532/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145253986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Selection and Evaluation of Native Plants for Rain Gardens in Tropical Regions: A Dual-Method Assessment Framework. 热带雨园原生植物的选择与评价：双方法评价框架

Plant-environment interactions (Hoboken, N.J.) Pub Date : 2025-10-03 eCollection Date: 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/pei3.70088

Pei-Chun Chen, Meng-Yuan Huang, Shen-Yong Wang

{"title":"Selection and Evaluation of Native Plants for Rain Gardens in Tropical Regions: A Dual-Method Assessment Framework.","authors":"Pei-Chun Chen, Meng-Yuan Huang, Shen-Yong Wang","doi":"10.1002/pei3.70088","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pei3.70088","url":null,"abstract":"Rain gardens depend on resilient plant species that can withstand fluctuating moisture conditions while providing ecological and aesthetic benefits. This study addresses the limited research on tropical and native herbaceous species by evaluating their health through both visual and physiological assessment methods. A pretest list of 44 species was developed through expert interviews, and plant responses were assessed using chlorophyll fluorescence, expressed as the maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (F v/F m), and visual damage ratings after a 15-day continuous immersion experiment. Cluster analysis identified 24 immersion-tolerant species, among which 10 native perennial herbaceous plants were selected for further testing. These species were subjected to repeated water stress cycles consisting of 7 and 14 days of immersion followed by 7 days of drought, repeated over three immersion and two drought intervals. Results indicated that nine species-Aster indicus, Aster shimadae, Lobelia chinensis, Dianthus seisuimontanus, Dianthus superbus, Evolvulus alsinoides, Euphorbia formosana, Lespedeza cuneata, and Richardia scabra-consistently maintained F v/F m values above 0.7 throughout both flooding durations, reflecting high photosynthetic stability, indicating that they can tolerate such fluctuations in water availability. By contrast, Eupatorium lindleyanum exhibited F v/F m above 0.7 in 66% and 33% of observations in the 7- and 14-day treatments, respectively. These results provide insight into the selection of resilient native species and support the establishment of a standardized methodology for plant health assessment in rain garden design.","PeriodicalId":74457,"journal":{"name":"Plant-environment interactions (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":"6 5","pages":"e70088"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12491846/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145234299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Outstanding Ultra-Low Freezing Tolerance in Moss Species: Insights From Recovery Ability. 苔藓物种卓越的超低抗冻性：来自恢复能力的见解。

Plant-environment interactions (Hoboken, N.J.) Pub Date : 2025-09-24 eCollection Date: 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/pei3.70081

Surayya Mustapha Muhammad, Wenwan Bai, Ruirui Yang, Haron Salih, Xiujin Liu, Yuqing Liang, Dina Mahesati, Daoyuan Zhang, Xiaoshuang Li

{"title":"Outstanding Ultra-Low Freezing Tolerance in Moss Species: Insights From Recovery Ability.","authors":"Surayya Mustapha Muhammad, Wenwan Bai, Ruirui Yang, Haron Salih, Xiujin Liu, Yuqing Liang, Dina Mahesati, Daoyuan Zhang, Xiaoshuang Li","doi":"10.1002/pei3.70081","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pei3.70081","url":null,"abstract":"Freezing temperature is a key environmental factor that influences plant growth and distribution. Mosses exhibit remarkable resistance to freezing stress due to their unique morphological and physiological traits. The protonema, which is the initial structure formed during the germination of a moss spore, exhibits a short life cycle and is highly sensitive to environmental changes. In this study, the protonemas of three moss species, Physcomitrium patens, Bryum argenteum, and Syntrichia caninervis, were harvested when they were 5, 10, and 15 days old. Protonemas were air dried for 0, 1, 2, and 12 h. Air-dried protonemas were kept at -80°C for 6 months to evaluate their resilience to ultra-low freezing stress. This resilience was assessed at 6, 12, and 18 days after re-culture. The three moss species exhibited varying degrees of freezing tolerance. P. patens did not recover after -80°C treatment, fully dried 10-days-old B. argenteum achieved highest recovery rate of 99.6% ± 0.2% while fully dried 5-days-old S. caninervis achieved the highest recovery rate of 98.6% ± 0.5%. The regeneration rate was influenced by both relative water content (RWC) and age. An analysis using a linear mixed-effects model indicated that the impact of RWC (effect size = 0.75) was greater than that of age (effect size = 0.35). This research provides valuable insights into the resilience of moss protonemas after exposure to -80°C, emphasizing the importance of protonema in abiotic stress research. These findings are crucial for developing methods to preserve and maintain terrestrial ecosystems in arid regions.","PeriodicalId":74457,"journal":{"name":"Plant-environment interactions (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":"6 5","pages":"e70081"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12460189/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145187792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Climate Gradients Underlie Geographical Variations in iWUE and δ¹⁵N Values of Encelia. 气候梯度是恩塞利亚iWUE和δ15N值地理变化的基础。

Plant-environment interactions (Hoboken, N.J.) Pub Date : 2025-08-28 eCollection Date: 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1002/pei3.70080

Tegan E Lengyel, Iman Karavan-Jahromi, Avery W Driscoll, James R Ehleringer

{"title":"Climate Gradients Underlie Geographical Variations in iWUE and δ15N Values of Encelia.","authors":"Tegan E Lengyel, Iman Karavan-Jahromi, Avery W Driscoll, James R Ehleringer","doi":"10.1002/pei3.70080","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pei3.70080","url":null,"abstract":"This study assessed variations in leaf intrinsic water use efficiency (iWUE) and δ15N values among Encelia, a genus of drought-deciduous shrubs distributed across arid regions of southwestern North America between 1972 and 1980 when climates were cooler than today. We hypothesized that geographical variations in climate would significantly influence iWUE, a response to water-related climate constraints, and δ15N values, a proxy for the balance between N2 fixation and denitrification. Leaf samples were collected from six species of Encelia across 78 sites representing the genus range. The δ15N and δ13C values of these samples were measured and analyzed to identify drivers of spatial variability. Significant variations among iWUE and δ15N values were observed as a function of climate, along a spring-summer precipitation gradient. Precipitation and vapor pressure deficit (VPD) were significant drivers of variations in iWUE values, with iWUE increasing with VPD and/or decreasing precipitation, as would be predicted based on water-related constraints on leaf gas exchange. Climate values were significant drivers of variations in δ15N values, with lower δ15N values occurring in cooler temperature, spring-growing plants (northern latitudes) than in warmer summer-growing plants (southern latitudes). Encelia leaf iWUE and δ15N observations suggest few, if any, species-specific differences; but more likely that there is high plasticity in these values driven by variations in climate.","PeriodicalId":74457,"journal":{"name":"Plant-environment interactions (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":"6 4","pages":"e70080"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12391729/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144981740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Induction of Bioactive Secondary Metabolites in Annona cherimola Mill. (Chirimoya) Seedlings Using Chitosan and Salicylic Acid as Elicitors. 番荔枝生物活性次生代谢产物的诱导。壳聚糖和水杨酸激发剂对山烟幼苗的影响。

Plant-environment interactions (Hoboken, N.J.) Pub Date : 2025-08-18 eCollection Date: 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1002/pei3.70075

Mónica F Antolínez-Pérez, Juan P Fernández-Trujillo, Luis G Sequeda-Castañeda, Yineth Pineros-Castro

{"title":"Induction of Bioactive Secondary Metabolites in Annona cherimola Mill. (Chirimoya) Seedlings Using Chitosan and Salicylic Acid as Elicitors.","authors":"Mónica F Antolínez-Pérez, Juan P Fernández-Trujillo, Luis G Sequeda-Castañeda, Yineth Pineros-Castro","doi":"10.1002/pei3.70075","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pei3.70075","url":null,"abstract":"The use of elicitors such as salicylic acid (SA) and chitosan (CH) represents an effective strategy to induce the production of secondary metabolites in plants. However, its application in seedlings of Annona cherimola Mill. has been scarcely explored. This study evaluated the effect of different concentrations of SA (100, 250 and 400 μM) and CH (60, 80 and 100 μM) applied foliar on phenological growth, accumulation of phenolic compounds and flavonoids, and antioxidant activity in Annona cherimola. Three weekly treatments were applied under controlled conditions. Total phenolic content (TPC) was quantified as milligrams of gallic acid equivalents per gram of dry mass (mg GAE/g DW) of extract, and total flavonoid content (TFC) as milligrams of quercetin equivalents per gram of dry mass (mg QE/g DW) of extract. Antioxidant activity was determined using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging method and the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay, and results were expressed as milligrams of Trolox equivalents per gram of dry mass (mg TE/g DW) of extract. The results showed that salicylic acid 100 μM and chitosan 80 μM promoted the highest stem growth and leaf count. These concentrations also induced the highest content of phenols (up to 23.5 mg GAE/g DW) and flavonoids (15.5 mg QE/g DW), as well as higher antioxidant activity (up to 21.5 mg TE/g DW). A positive correlation was observed between the accumulation of metabolites and the antioxidant capacity. This is the first report to validate the use of salicylic acid and chitosan as biostimulant tools to modulate physiology and secondary metabolism in Annona cherimola (Chirimoya).","PeriodicalId":74457,"journal":{"name":"Plant-environment interactions (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":"6 4","pages":"e70075"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12359203/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144884475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Agronomic Performance and Stability of Vegetable Amaranth (Amaranthus spp.) Genotypes in Benin. 贝宁菜用苋菜基因型的农艺性能和稳定性。

Plant-environment interactions (Hoboken, N.J.) Pub Date : 2025-08-07 eCollection Date: 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1002/pei3.70076

Mathieu A T Ayenan, Lys A Aglinglo, Lydi C Amoussou, Roland M Sossa, Chedrac Zokpon, Fekadu Fufa Dinssa, Roland Schafleitner

{"title":"Agronomic Performance and Stability of Vegetable Amaranth (Amaranthus spp.) Genotypes in Benin.","authors":"Mathieu A T Ayenan, Lys A Aglinglo, Lydi C Amoussou, Roland M Sossa, Chedrac Zokpon, Fekadu Fufa Dinssa, Roland Schafleitner","doi":"10.1002/pei3.70076","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pei3.70076","url":null,"abstract":"Amaranth is a vegetable and grain crop with the potential to contribute to nutrition security and income generation. However, amaranth production in Benin faces several constraints, including the limited availability of improved varieties and access to high-quality seed. The study aimed to (i) identify top-performing varieties based on agronomic traits and (ii) identify farmer-preferred amaranth traits and genotypes to guide variety recommendations for release. Ten amaranth genotypes were evaluated in five environments defined as the combination of locations (Abomey-Calavi and Malanville) and years (2021, 2022, and 2023). Traits prioritization and variety ranking were done involving 41 experienced amaranth farmers. The analysis of variance revealed a significant genotype-by-environment interaction for fresh biomass yield, leaf length, and leaf width. Genotype was a major determinant of leaf length and leaf width, but had a lesser effect on fresh biomass yield. Genotypes A2002, IP-5-Sel, Madiira1, and Nguruma exhibited the most stable yield across environments. IP-5-Sel, A2004, and AC-NL were the most stable genotypes for leaf width, while IP-5-Sel and Madiira1 were the most stable for leaf length. The five environments formed a single mega-environment for fresh biomass yield and leaf width. The multi-trait selection index identified Nguruma and Madiira2 as the top performers when considering fresh biomass yield and leaf parameters. Farmer-preferred traits included marketability, branching, late flowering, and cooking quality. Based on these traits, the most preferred genotypes were Madiira2, AC-NL, Nguruma, and Akeri. Combining the agronomic and farmer preferences, and the release status of the genotypes in West Africa, we recommended Madiira2, IP-5-Sel, Nguruma, AVAM1939, AC-NL, and Akeri for release. The lines have been channeled into the variety release process in Benin.","PeriodicalId":74457,"journal":{"name":"Plant-environment interactions (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":"6 4","pages":"e70076"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12329764/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144801136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Population Ecology and Harvesting of Rooibos (Aspalathus linearis) and Its Ecotypes in the Wild, South Africa. 南非野生路易波士（Aspalathus linearis）及其生态型的种群生态学和收获。

Plant-environment interactions (Hoboken, N.J.) Pub Date : 2025-08-05 eCollection Date: 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1002/pei3.70079

Tineke Kraaij, Gerhard C P Pretorius

{"title":"Population Ecology and Harvesting of Rooibos (Aspalathus linearis) and Its Ecotypes in the Wild, South Africa.","authors":"Tineke Kraaij, Gerhard C P Pretorius","doi":"10.1002/pei3.70079","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pei3.70079","url":null,"abstract":"Aspalathus linearis ('rooibos') is a polymorphic perennial shrub native to the drier, northwestern part of the Fynbos Biome in the Cape Floristic Region. It is cultivated on a large scale and wild-harvested on a small scale to produce rooibos tea, a traditional herbal drink. Rooibos is a post-fire pioneer germinating from fire-stimulated soil-stored seed, while some ecotypes also resprout post-fire. We aimed to improve understanding of the ecology and utilization of the species and its ecotypes in the wild. We surveyed 45 populations of wild rooibos across the species' range, distinguishing four ecotypes, and assessing their environmental preferences, density, demographics, extent, and effects of harvesting and fire on population health. Populations appeared demographically healthy with low incidences (average 5%) of mortality and stressed plants (9%). Reseeder and resprouters recruited equally from seed (seedlings comprised 4% of populations) and both exhibited wide-ranging population densities (25 to 30,000 plants.ha-1). Population densities were higher where fires were more frequent and in younger post-fire vegetation. Seedlings occurred in vegetation of all ages, implying some inter-fire recruitment. The mean fire return period in surveyed populations was long (26 years) by fynbos standards (10-20 years), but rooibos persisted well in old vegetation suggesting that fires at high or low frequency do not pose significant threats to the species. Generally, harvesting levels were low at landscape and population scales; < 45% of sites on private land were subject to harvesting and there < 50% of plants showed evidence of harvesting. Illegal and overharvesting were uncommon (< 3% of sites). Population health and plant vigor were mostly unaffected by harvesting, suggesting that harvesting does not presently have large-scale detrimental effects on wild rooibos.","PeriodicalId":74457,"journal":{"name":"Plant-environment interactions (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":"6 4","pages":"e70079"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12325480/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144796342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gene Regulatory Changes Associated With Phenological Transitions in an Ecologically Significant Tree Species. 一个重要生态树种物候转变相关的基因调控变化

Plant-environment interactions (Hoboken, N.J.) Pub Date : 2025-08-04 eCollection Date: 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1002/pei3.70078

Theresa Caso-McHugh, David L Des Marais, Miranda Oseguera, Meghan Blumstein

{"title":"Gene Regulatory Changes Associated With Phenological Transitions in an Ecologically Significant Tree Species.","authors":"Theresa Caso-McHugh, David L Des Marais, Miranda Oseguera, Meghan Blumstein","doi":"10.1002/pei3.70078","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pei3.70078","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change is driving earlier spring leaf-out across temperate regions, but the genetic mechanisms and environmental interactions underlying this variability are poorly understood. We conducted a controlled growth chamber experiment using excised northern red oak (Quercus rubra ) branches, testing the influence of temperature and photoperiod on leaf development. Two genotypes of red oak were exposed to four different warming and daylength treatments, and gene expression was analyzed across stages of bud development. Results revealed significant phenotypic differences between genotypes and across treatments, confirming that leaf-out timing is both genetically determined and environmentally responsive. Our analysis identified several key genes involved in dormancy break and photoperiod sensitivity, including orthologs to genes identified in Populus species, suggesting conserved pathways across tree species. These genes were differentially expressed in response to environmental factors, highlighting the polygenic nature of phenological timing. Notably, modules associated with temperature and photoperiod showed overlap with dormancy break pathways, indicating shared regulatory networks. This study provides a foundational dataset for understanding phenology in red oak and offers insights into how genetic and environmental factors shape leaf development in temperate trees, setting the stage for further functional genomic research.","PeriodicalId":74457,"journal":{"name":"Plant-environment interactions (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":"6 4","pages":"e70078"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12320121/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144786145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Silicon-Mediated Mitigation of Salt Stress in Maize Plants. 硅介导的玉米盐胁迫缓解

Plant-environment interactions (Hoboken, N.J.) Pub Date : 2025-07-28 eCollection Date: 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1002/pei3.70073

Moniba Zahid Mahmood, Muhammad Shahzad, Muhammad Nauman, Arshad Mehmood Abbasi, Michael Reichelt, Axel Mithöfer

{"title":"Silicon-Mediated Mitigation of Salt Stress in Maize Plants.","authors":"Moniba Zahid Mahmood, Muhammad Shahzad, Muhammad Nauman, Arshad Mehmood Abbasi, Michael Reichelt, Axel Mithöfer","doi":"10.1002/pei3.70073","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pei3.70073","url":null,"abstract":"High soil salinity affects plant growth, yield, and water use efficiency, leading to drought and ion toxicity. Silicon (Si), a crucial element in soil, can mitigate such stress. Si neutralizes harmful impacts, reduces Na+ uptake, and promotes plant growth. It benefits higher plants like grasses and cultivated crops. However, its role in maize cultivars is rarely reported. The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of exogenous Si application on maize plant growth, physiology, gene activation, and phytohormonal regulation under salinity stress. Therefore, a hydroponic experiment was conducted to study the impact of salt (100 mM NaCl) on two different maize varieties, the salt-sensitive Jalal and the salt-tolerant Iqbal, along with and without Si enrichment in pots or Si foliar spray. Our findings revealed that various phenotypical growth parameters as well as physiological parameters were significantly affected due to salt stress. However, the presence of Si mitigated the stress responses in both varieties. Moreover, we found that Si application reduced the NaCl-induced effects on abscisic acid and jasmonates in both varieties. Based on our findings, we concluded that Si application may lead to a reduction of NaCl-mediated salt stress on maize plants and help the plant to grow better.","PeriodicalId":74457,"journal":{"name":"Plant-environment interactions (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":"6 4","pages":"e70073"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12302281/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144735933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Seed Inoculation and Foliar Application of Micronutrients Improve the Yield and Quality of Pinto Bean. 种子接种和叶面施用微量元素提高了平豆的产量和品质。

Plant-environment interactions (Hoboken, N.J.) Pub Date : 2025-06-22 eCollection Date: 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1002/pei3.70061

Mansour Taghvaei, Abdolmajid Nikouei, Mahboubeh Fazaeli, Akbar Hemmati, Andrea Mastinu

{"title":"Seed Inoculation and Foliar Application of Micronutrients Improve the Yield and Quality of Pinto Bean.","authors":"Mansour Taghvaei, Abdolmajid Nikouei, Mahboubeh Fazaeli, Akbar Hemmati, Andrea Mastinu","doi":"10.1002/pei3.70061","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pei3.70061","url":null,"abstract":"To investigate the effect of bio-fertilizer pretreatment and foliar application of the micronutrients zinc and iron on the yield and yield components of pinto beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The experimental treatments included a control, pretreatment with mycorrhizal fungi, pretreatment with rhizobial bacteria, combined pretreatment with mycorrhizal fungi and rhizobial bacteria, and additional combinations of these with foliar applications: mycorrhizal fungi and rhizobial bacteria with iron foliar spray, with zinc foliar spray, and with both iron and zinc foliar sprays. Bio-fertilizer pretreatment significantly increased all studied traits compared to the control. The combination of seed inoculation with mycorrhizal fungi and rhizobial bacteria, along with iron foliar application, notably enhanced plant height, root colonization, leaf chlorophyll content, antioxidant enzyme activities, and nutrient levels in seeds, including nitrogen, potassium, and iron. However, the foliar application of zinc and iron resulted in reduced phosphorus content in the seeds, with the highest zinc content observed in the treatment combining bio-fertilizers with zinc foliar spray. The combined bio-fertilizer and iron foliar treatment achieved the highest grain yield and biological yield. These results indicate that the use of bio-fertilizers, along with foliar applications of iron and zinc, can effectively enhance the morpho-physiological characteristics, yield, and quality of pinto beans.","PeriodicalId":74457,"journal":{"name":"Plant-environment interactions (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":"6 3","pages":"e70061"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12183102/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144478103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0