Plant-environment interactions (Hoboken, N.J.)最新文献

{"title":"Seed Inoculation and Foliar Application of Micronutrients Improve the Yield and Quality of Pinto Bean.","authors":"Mansour Taghvaei, Abdolmajid Nikouei, Mahboubeh Fazaeli, Akbar Hemmati, Andrea Mastinu","doi":"10.1002/pei3.70061","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pei3.70061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To investigate the effect of bio-fertilizer pretreatment and foliar application of the micronutrients zinc and iron on the yield and yield components of pinto beans (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> L.). The experimental treatments included a control, pretreatment with mycorrhizal fungi, pretreatment with rhizobial bacteria, combined pretreatment with mycorrhizal fungi and rhizobial bacteria, and additional combinations of these with foliar applications: mycorrhizal fungi and rhizobial bacteria with iron foliar spray, with zinc foliar spray, and with both iron and zinc foliar sprays. Bio-fertilizer pretreatment significantly increased all studied traits compared to the control. The combination of seed inoculation with mycorrhizal fungi and rhizobial bacteria, along with iron foliar application, notably enhanced plant height, root colonization, leaf chlorophyll content, antioxidant enzyme activities, and nutrient levels in seeds, including nitrogen, potassium, and iron. However, the foliar application of zinc and iron resulted in reduced phosphorus content in the seeds, with the highest zinc content observed in the treatment combining bio-fertilizers with zinc foliar spray. The combined bio-fertilizer and iron foliar treatment achieved the highest grain yield and biological yield. These results indicate that the use of bio-fertilizers, along with foliar applications of iron and zinc, can effectively enhance the morpho-physiological characteristics, yield, and quality of pinto beans.</p>","PeriodicalId":74457,"journal":{"name":"Plant-environment interactions (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":"6 3","pages":"e70061"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12183102/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144478103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Xylem Parenchyma Anatomy and Gene Expression Patterns Indicate Mechanisms of Cavitation Resistance in <i>Eucalyptus grandis</i> During Drought.","authors":"Rafael Keret, Paul N Hills, David M Drew","doi":"10.1002/pei3.70068","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pei3.70068","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tree survival under drought conditions depends on the ability to maintain functional xylem and avoid hydraulic failure due to cavitation. Although xylem parenchyma are key sites of metabolic activity in angiosperm wood, the anatomical and gene expression responses of this cell type to drought stress remain poorly characterized. This study investigated how <i>Eucalyptus grandis</i> W. Hill ex Maiden modifies parenchyma anatomy and gene expression under water deficit to enhance cavitation resistance. Under controlled drought conditions, plants produced significantly smaller ray parenchyma cells with increased frequency. This arrangement reduced the proportion of isolated vessels through elevated ray-vessel contacts, likely enhancing solute delivery to stressed conduits. Transcriptomic analysis revealed upregulation of aquaporins, lipid transfer proteins, and enzymes involved in triacylglycerol biosynthesis, supporting roles in water transport and nanobubble stabilization under negative pressure. In parallel, genes associated with osmotic regulation, including various sugars, myo-inositol, and metal ion transporters, were also induced, indicating putative solute-mediated mechanisms for refilling embolized vessels. This transcriptomic response appears to be primarily triggered by oxidative and hypoxic stress signals. Collectively, these results indicate that xylem parenchyma contribute to embolism resistance by actively redistributing water and supporting hydraulic stability during drought. This work provides mechanistic insights into tree drought adaptation, with implications for forest management and climate resilience strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":74457,"journal":{"name":"Plant-environment interactions (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":"6 3","pages":"e70068"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12181691/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144478104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant Breeding Notes: A New Article Type for <i>Plant-Environment Interactions</i>.","authors":"Jonathan Ingram, Gareth B Jenkins, Abdelbagi Ismail, Jens Léon, Frank Ordon","doi":"10.1002/pei3.70067","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pei3.70067","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74457,"journal":{"name":"Plant-environment interactions (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":"6 3","pages":"e70067"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12171991/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144318899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genotype × Environment Effects in Three Wild Relatives of Sorghum From Australia.","authors":"Harry Myrans, Dinithi Chithrarachchige, Robert J Henry, Sally Norton, Roslyn M Gleadow","doi":"10.1002/pei3.70065","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pei3.70065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endemic wild <i>Sorghum</i> species are prevalent across northern Australia and could be useful for crop improvement; however, few studies have been done to quantify the phenotypic diversity of this tertiary gene pool. We aimed to assess the interactive effects of genotype and water availability in three wild <i>Sorghum</i> species native to northern Australia and compare these to domesticated sorghum (<i>Sorghum bicolor</i>). Two accessions of wild <i>Sorghum plumosum</i>, <i>Sorghum stipoideum</i>, and <i>Sorghum timorense</i>, sourced from more and less arid regions, were grown alongside a <i>S. bicolor</i> line under well-watered or drought conditions for 4 weeks. We measured biomass, root:shoot ratio, chlorophyll <i>a</i>:<i>b</i> ratio, and concentrations of chlorophyll. The concentration of phenolics and cyanogenic glucosides were also measured to see if there were any differences in the concentration of specialized metabolites, as this is of particular importance for grazing. Low soil moisture (\"drought\") significantly impacted the biomass, root:shoot ratio, and chemical composition of <i>S. bicolor</i>, but the effects on the wild accessions were minimal and mostly not significant. This is potentially a consequence of their adaptation to harsh conditions in northern Australia. In each of the wild study species, genotype effects (i.e., between accessions) were greater than treatment effects, indicating intraspecific diversity. Wild <i>Sorghum</i> is a potential source of novel traits that could be helpful in further enhancing the ability of <i>S. bicolor</i> to tolerate hot and dry conditions. Further research into traits conferring drought tolerance in <i>Sorghum</i> without compromising yield is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":74457,"journal":{"name":"Plant-environment interactions (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":"6 3","pages":"e70065"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12142431/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144251212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genotypic Responses to Combined Effects of VPD and Salinity in Hydroponically Grown Tomato and Cucumber.","authors":"Hemanth Kumar Puppala, Jörn Germer, Folkard Asch","doi":"10.1002/pei3.70064","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pei3.70064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To reduce pressure on arable land and water resources, crops can be grown in controlled environments that allow one to recuperate water transpired by plants. This would reduce water demand and potentially allow the use of saline water. However, condensing atmospheric water affects the vapor pressure deficit (VPD), which will affect plant transpiration, nutrient transport, salt uptake, and ultimate growth. This study examined responses of two genotypes of tomato and cucumber during the vegetative phase to varying VPD levels (3.1 and 1.9 kPa) and NaCl concentrations (0 and 30 mM) grown in hydroponic solutions. Under higher VPD (3.1 kPa), transpiration significantly increased in both tomato and cucumber, driving higher water loss. In tomatoes, higher VPD (3.1 kPa) increased the total dry biomass of the Saluoso genotype from 4.3 to 7.1 g and of the Sweeterno genotype from 4.9 to 7.3 g. Root zone salinity diminished the differences in biomass induced by VPD, with little effect on biomass accumulation in both tomato genotypes. Root zone salinity consistently reduced dry weight in cucumber, lowering Addison's from 15.5 to 9.5 g and Proloog's from 13.5 to 10.0 g, regardless of VPD. Unlike tomato, cucumber did not respond to VPD and was more sensitive to salinity. These findings indicate that in hydroponic cultivation, particularly in protected environments, the possibility of producing clean water alongside crop production depends on species-specific responses. In tomatoes, high VPD enhanced growth and demonstrated compatibility with the use of saline water, supporting the dual goal of productivity and water recovery. However, in cucumbers, the sensitivity to salinity and lack of response to VPD highlight the need for careful species selection and management to achieve sustainable water use and crop production.</p>","PeriodicalId":74457,"journal":{"name":"Plant-environment interactions (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":"6 3","pages":"e70064"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12142428/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144251213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Climate-Smart Crop Intensification on Rural Household Food Security in North Wollo Zone, Ethiopia.","authors":"Getnet Zeleke Tessera, Sisay Demeke Molla","doi":"10.1002/pei3.70062","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pei3.70062","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Land degradation and climate change are interconnected environmental pressing challenges that significantly contribute to declining agricultural productivity and worsening food insecurity in Ethiopia. To address these challenges, the Ethiopian government introduces climate-smart agricultural practices, including drought-tolerant and early-maturing crop varieties, small-scale irrigation practices, and efficient fertilizer use. This study examined the impact of climate-resilient crop intensification strategies on household food security, measured by household food consumption score (HFCS), household dietary diversity score (HDDS), and household food insecurity access scale (HFIAS). The data were collected from 411 smallholder farmers using structured questionnaires, focus group discussions, and key informant interviews. The multistage sampling technique was employed to select study participants. Analysis techniques involved descriptive statistics, the food security index, the ordered probit model, and an endogenous switching regression model. The study reveals the multidimensional nature of household food security: 87.83% of households have better food access (HFCS), 56.45% have moderate dietary quality (HDDS), yet 70.8% experience food insecurity (HFIAS), highlighting persistent access challenges. Adopting all three climate-smart crop intensification strategies considered in this study, including maturing crop varieties, small-scale irrigation practices, and efficient fertilizer use, significantly improves household food consumption and dietary diversity while reducing food insecurity. Joint adoption of these strategies increases food variety by 90.5% and decreases food insecurity by 69.9%. Effective extension services, irrigation infrastructure, and viable crop varieties are crucial for enhancing adoption rates and improving food security. The findings of this study emphasized the importance of integrating multiple climate-smart agricultural practices to enhance food security in Ethiopia. By adopting a combination of drought-tolerant crops, small-scale irrigation, and efficient fertilizer use, smallholder farmers can significantly improve their household food consumption and dietary diversity while reducing food insecurity. It is recommended that smallholder farmers adopt a combination of climate-smart strategies to enhance crop productivity and food security, supported by strengthened extension services that provide implementation guidance.</p>","PeriodicalId":74457,"journal":{"name":"Plant-environment interactions (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":"6 3","pages":"e70062"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12142433/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144251214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How to Test for Seed Mucilage to Examine an Age-Old Question: A Response to Ladwig and Lucas (2024).","authors":"E F LoPresti, J M Cowley, S N Gorb, A Kreitschitz","doi":"10.1002/pei3.70057","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pei3.70057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Traits of seeds are far less-studied than those of vegetative plants, despite the importance of this stage in a plant's life cycle. Much research has demonstrated the importance of certain aspects of seed phenotype, including both chemical and physical traits, to survival in the face of biotic and abiotic selective pressures. One trait with demonstrated physiological and defensive functionality is seed mucilage. This persistent hydrogel coating on the surface of the seed is extremely common and found in thousands of species across angiosperms, with many independent evolutionary origins. Despite attention in taxonomic, floristic, ecological, and biomaterial investigations for over a century, and the economic importance of products derived from this mucilage, the trait is often overlooked, and protocols for the labs determining seed mucilage across plants vary. Here, in response to a paper claiming seed mucilage in many new species due to flawed methodology, we lay out specific protocols to determine the presence of mucilage, in an effort to standardize across studies. We hope these methods prove useful in both evaluating the current literature and permit cross-study comparisons to advance the study of this important trait.</p>","PeriodicalId":74457,"journal":{"name":"Plant-environment interactions (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":"6 3","pages":"e70057"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12138573/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144236158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mulching Effects on Nutrient Contents of Potato Foliage and Colorado Potato Beetle Fitness.","authors":"Christiane Weiler, Simeon Leisch, Stephan Martin Junge, Maria Renate Finckh","doi":"10.1002/pei3.70059","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pei3.70059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Application of organic mulches has repeatedly been shown to reduce infestation with <i>Leptinotarsa decemlineata</i> (Say) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), the Colorado potato beetle (CPB). In order to determine if the nutritional status of potatoes as affected by mulch could explain the mulch effects in potatoes against CPB, we determined potato leaf nutrient composition in unmulched control plots and plots mulched with grass-clover or triticale-vetch and assessed mulch effects on CPB damage and development in the field during 3 years and under controlled conditions. In mulched plots, foliar Mo, Cl, and K contents were consistently higher than those without mulch, and leaf damage by CPB was reduced significantly. In addition, increased B contents were associated with undamaged plant material, while higher Zn contents were associated with leaves damaged by CPB. Under controlled conditions, CPB fitness was not affected by mulch application. Overall, reduced CPB damage could not be clearly attributed to altered foliar nutrient contents due to mulching. It is thus more likely that CPB reductions in mulched systems are due to mechanisms other than an altered nutrient balance.</p>","PeriodicalId":74457,"journal":{"name":"Plant-environment interactions (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":"6 3","pages":"e70059"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12138577/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144236159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of <i>Phytophthora</i> Disease on the Growth, Physiology and Ecosystem Services of Common Lime (<i>Tilia</i> × <i>europaea</i>) Street Trees.","authors":"Eleanor Absalom, Anthony Turner, Matthew Clements, Holly Croft, Jill Edmondson","doi":"10.1002/pei3.70054","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pei3.70054","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tree diseases are a growing threat to ecosystem service provision by trees in cities and towns globally. <i>Phytophthora</i> is a widespread genus of plant pathogens (oomycetes) that have contributed to significant tree mortality worldwide; however, there has been little research into the impact of <i>Phytophthora</i> infection on urban trees or on ecosystem services important for urban populations, such as urban cooling. This study utilizes a network of Internet-of-Things linked sap flow sensors and point dendrometers collecting data every ~10 min throughout the growing season, combined with ground-based sampling (leaf chlorophyll content, Leaf Area Index), to monitor the impact of <i>Phytophthora plurivora</i> on mature Common Lime (<i>Tilia</i> × <i>europaea</i>) street trees, a globally common urban tree species known to be susceptible to <i>Phytophthora</i>. <i>P. plurivora</i> infection disrupted tree water flux, with an 87% reduction in median diurnal water use in infected trees (24.84 (IQR 77.04) L tree^-1 day^-1) compared with asymptomatic trees (198.36 (IQR 88.22) L tree^-1 day^-1). Infection also significantly reduced stem growth, with median shrinkage in infected trees of -0.22% (IQR 0.32%) compared with 0.35% (IQR 0.20%) growth in asymptomatic trees over the study period (May-October). However, infected trees with less disease damage were able to maintain growth and urban cooling similar to asymptomatic trees during the study period, highlighting the tensions between controlling disease spread and public safety hazards while maintaining ecosystem service provision. Our research raises questions about the impact of <i>P. plurivora</i> on other critical ecosystem services and in other common urban tree species and settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":74457,"journal":{"name":"Plant-environment interactions (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":"6 3","pages":"e70054"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12136725/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144227801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why Does Non-Photosynthetic <i>Monotropastrum humile</i> (Ericaceae) Have Scale Leaves?","authors":"Shiori Harada, Masayuki Shiba, Syuji Kurosu, Hayato Izawa, Kaito Kurotaki, Takato Yasuda, Tatsuya Fukuda","doi":"10.1002/pei3.70060","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pei3.70060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Monotropastrum humile</i> (D.Don) H.Hara (Ericaceae), a mycoheterotrophic plant, retains scale leaves of a certain size despite their lack of photosynthetic function. This study aimed to clarify the morphological basis for the persistence of these scale leaves by examining their relationship with floral organs through morphological and anatomical analyses. For the morphometric analysis, measurements were taken at seven locations. For the anatomical analysis, epidermal cells were photographed and analyzed in abaxial and adaxial views. The sizes of scale leaves and floral characters showed allometric growth. <i>M. humile</i> is pollinated by long-tongued bumblebees; it must maintain flower size for effective pollination. Therefore, its scale leaves cannot become allometrically smaller, and it is necessary to invest a large amount of resources into scale leaves. Our studies show that <i>M. humile</i> must constrainedly maintain scale leaves to form flowers, even if leaves lose the function of photosynthesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":74457,"journal":{"name":"Plant-environment interactions (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":"6 3","pages":"e70060"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12135346/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144227802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}