Perspectives of the ASHA special interest groups最新文献

{"title":"Enhancing the assessment of deglutition function in preterm infants with mechano-acoustic analysis and machine learning: a narrative review.","authors":"Emily Bordier, Eric B Ortigoza","doi":"10.1044/2025_PERSP-25-00140","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2025_PERSP-25-00140","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Clinical indicators of deglutition dysfunction within the context of maturation are not well-defined for preterm infants. Mechano-acoustic analysis utilizing cervical auscultation or accelerometry has shown potential for accurate classification of swallow physiology across the life span. Machine learning algorithms increase diagnostic performance and facilitate analysis of more complex deglutition data in adult and pediatric populations. This narrative review will investigate the feasibility and usability of mechano-acoustic analysis combined with machine learning to identify indicators of deglutition impairment in preterm infants to increase diagnostic accuracy and clinical prediction of clinical swallow evaluations (CSEs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Databases searched included PubMed and Ovid. No filters were placed on year of publication.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twelve relevant records were retrieved for this review. Preliminary studies investigating maturational changes in mechano-acoustic features of deglutition have yielded significant findings. Research utilizing machine learning to support mechano-acoustic analysis in preterm infants is lacking. There are no published studies investigating indicators of deglutition dysfunction in preterm infants and no normative data for healthy, term non-dysphagic neonates.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Mechano-acoustic analysis is a feasible technique to investigate deglutition performance in preterm infants. Identification of normative values, temporal correlation of signals with deglutition kinematics, and standardization of relevant features in future longitudinal studies will enhance clinical utility. Further study is needed to determine diagnostic performance of machine learning algorithms to enhance classification and prediction of deglutition function in preterm infants.</p>","PeriodicalId":74424,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives of the ASHA special interest groups","volume":"11 2","pages":"497-510"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13225867/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148151429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visual Communication Supports for the Assessment of Swallowing and Somatosensation in Adults With Down Syndrome.","authors":"Sophie Wolf, Aarthi Madhavan, Nicole Etter, Krista Wilkinson","doi":"10.1044/2025_persp-25-00100","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2025_persp-25-00100","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This article describes practical strategies for enhancing swallow assessments for individuals with intellectual or cognitive disabilities through the inclusion of visual communication supports (known as augmentative and alternative communication [AAC]). These strategies were developed to support understanding and self-expression during the swallow assessments for individuals with Down syndrome, as part of a large research study. Over the last 2 years, these supports have been integrated into swallow assessments with 14 adults with Down syndrome.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Clinicians and researchers with expertise in swallowing and AAC collaboratively designed and refined visual communication aids to enhance understanding and task completion of swallowing-related assessments, including the Mann Assessment of Swallowing Ability, Iowa Oral Performance Instrument, spontaneous swallowing frequency, food avoidance inquiries, and lingual somatosensation testing. A summary table of assessments and suggested strategies is provided. All study procedures were approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB #00022372) at The Pennsylvania State University.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our observations suggest the integration of AAC enhances the accessibility of swallow assessments for individuals with intellectual disabilities, supporting their participation in these assessments. Many participants referenced the visual aids, such as videos, as key to their understanding of what to expect and what to do during assessments. These observations are consistent with research showing that multisensory modalities and adaptations can improve functional outcomes for people with Down syndrome.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Incorporation of visual supports may be useful for clinicians and researchers seeking to improve accessibility in swallow assessments for diverse populations. Clearly, dedicated research is necessary to examine these observations systematically.</p>","PeriodicalId":74424,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives of the ASHA special interest groups","volume":"11 1","pages":"202-212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13099009/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147791517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Response to Blanc and Colleagues' Viewpoint on Gestalt Language Processing and the Natural Language Acquisition Protocol: Concerns and Common Ground.","authors":"Emily Lorang, Janine Mathée-Scott, Jennifer Johnson, Courtney E Venker","doi":"10.1044/2025_persp-25-00055","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2025_persp-25-00055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gestalt Language Processing (GLP) and the Natural Language Acquisition (NLA) protocol have recently grown in popularity in the field of speech-language pathology. However, significant controversy surrounds the ideas proposed and clinical strategies recommended within GLP/NLA. In this commentary, we respond to the <i>Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups</i> viewpoint by Blanc et al. (2023) detailing the hypothesized alternative path of language development, proposed stages, and recommended supports associated with GLP/NLA. We identify several strategies recommended by the NLA protocol that are also part of general developmental clinical practices. We go on to describe five concerns associated with GLP/NLA: It is contradicted by existing research, has a fundamental conceptual flaw, presumes incompetence, recommends strategies that may be harmful, and lacks supporting research evidence. We close by emphasizing the importance of engaging in respectful and professional conversations about GLP/NLA and using precise language to describe its individual components.</p>","PeriodicalId":74424,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives of the ASHA special interest groups","volume":"11 1","pages":"43-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13148292/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147847174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Voice Therapy for Puberphonia in the Adolescent Male: A Clinical Case Study.","authors":"Lydia R Kruse, Robert Brinton Fujiki","doi":"10.1044/2025_persp-25-00222","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2025_persp-25-00222","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Clinical scenario: </strong>Puberphonia (also known as mutational falsetto) occurs when an individual maintains prepubescent speaking fundamental frequency (<i>F</i>0) after the laryngeal changes associated with puberty have taken place. Voice therapy with a speech-language pathologist (SLP) is the primary treatment for puberphonia; however, resources describing treatment techniques specific to this patient population are lacking.</p><p><strong>Clinical question: </strong>What diagnostic and treatment procedures are employed in the course of treatment for an adolescent presenting with puberphonia? What factors influence intervention?</p><p><strong>Study sources: </strong>Henry, a 13-year-old adolescent male, was diagnosed with puberphonia with a muscle tension component. Voice quality was characterized by roughness, strain, and elevated speaking pitch for his age and gender. Voice therapy was recommended and pursued. Audio recordings, acoustics, patient-reported outcome measures, auditory-perceptual evaluations, and laryngeal imaging findings are presented in detail. Considerations for course of treatment are discussed.</p><p><strong>Primary results: </strong>Initially, Henry did not tolerate manual laryngeal reposturing. Thus, dysphonia and speaking <i>F</i>0 were targeted through semi-occluded vocal tract exercises and resonant voice techniques. After four sessions, no change in speaking <i>F</i>0 was observed; however, muscle tension was sufficiently reduced to implement manual laryngeal reposturing. Three sessions implementing this technique resulted in <i>F</i>0 reduced to normative range and resolution of dysphonia. Henry and his family initially expressed trepidation about the sudden changes in his voice quality, but gradually welcomed them as his vocal efficiency and voice-related quality of life improved.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This case study supports past work indicating that voice therapy effectively reduces <i>F</i>0 and improves voice quality in adolescents with puberphonia. Manual laryngeal techniques were particularly useful in reducing speaking <i>F</i>0. Future clinical trials should continue to examine the efficacy and efficiency of voice therapy for adolescents with puberphonia.</p><p><strong>Supplemental material: </strong>https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.31032382.</p>","PeriodicalId":74424,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives of the ASHA special interest groups","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12920004/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147273223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Bolus Location and Age on Timing Measures of Swallowing in Healthy Older Adults.","authors":"Camila Lirani-Silva, Irina Claudia Fernandes Sanchez de Araujo, Catriona M Steele, Lúcia Figueiredo Mourão","doi":"10.1044/2025_persp-25-00116","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2025_persp-25-00116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Swallowing safety and efficiency are influenced by the timing of swallowing events, such as laryngeal vestibule closure (LVC) and upper esophageal sphincter opening (UESO). Although age-related changes in these parameters are well documented, whether bolus location at swallow onset (BLSO) influences timing measures is less understood. This study investigated the effects of BLSO and age on timing measures of swallowing in a healthy older adult sample.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This single-center, cross-sectional, retrospective study included 26 community-dwelling healthy participants (21 women, five men; aged 56-77 years) who underwent a videofluoroscopic swallowing study involving three thin liquid swallows: two 5-ml swallows (Bolus 1 [B1], Bolus 2 [B2]) and one cup sip (Bolus 3 [B3]). BLSO was classified as high (at/above the valleculae) or low (beyond the valleculae). Three timing measures were analyzed: swallow reaction time (SRT), hyoidburst-to-UESO (HYB-to-UESO) interval, and time to LVC (TTLVC). Statistical analyses (α = .05) included univariate analyses of variance, Spearman correlations, and mixed models exploring BLSO and age interactions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>BLSO was not correlated with age and varied within participants across boluses, necessitating separate analyses by bolus (B1, B2, B3) rather than repeated-measures analysis. In univariate analyses, lower BLSO was associated with prolonged SRT across all three boluses and shorter HYB-to-UESO interval for B1. Older age was correlated (ρ > .3) with a longer SRT (B1, B3), a shorter HYB-to-UESO interval (B1), and a shorter TTLVC (B1, B2). No significant main effects or interactions were observed in the combined models.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Lower BLSO was associated with prolonged SRT. Inconsistent age-related differences in timing measures were observed in this sample across different liquid bolus presentations.</p>","PeriodicalId":74424,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives of the ASHA special interest groups","volume":" SIG 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12883075/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146151348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Asynchronous Telehealth for Dysphagia Management: Evidence, Possibilities, and Practical Examples.","authors":"Cagla Kantarcigil, Rebecca Frances Smith, Bonnie Martin-Harris, Loni C Arrese, Georgia A Malandraki","doi":"10.1044/2025_persp-24-00262","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2025_persp-24-00262","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Dysphagia, which affects a significant portion of the population, poses serious health risks and diminishes quality of life. The growing demand for dysphagia services often outpaces the availability of specialized clinicians, particularly in underserved areas. This clinical focus article explores asynchronous telehealth as a promising solution to help in bridging this gap, as a supplemental service delivery model that can improve access to timely and equitable dysphagia care.We reviewed various forms of asynchronous telehealth, including store-and-forward consultations, remote patient monitoring, and mobile health applications, highlighting their unique advantages and considerations for dysphagia management. We present emerging evidence supporting the utility of these approaches and examine their potential to address barriers to current clinical practice. Furthermore, we address the challenges associated with asynchronous telehealth implementation and offer practical case studies that illustrate its successful application in diverse clinical settings.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This clinical focus article concludes by outlining future directions for research and development in asynchronous telehealth for dysphagia, emphasizing its potential to enhance access to dysphagia-related services and improve the lives of individuals with swallowing disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":74424,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives of the ASHA special interest groups","volume":"10 6","pages":"2235-2246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13289683/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148320999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Demographic and Acoustic Factors related to Automatic Speech Recognition Inaccuracies for Child African American English Speakers.","authors":"Brittany N Fletcher, Wei-Wen Hsu, Vesna D Novak, Mary E Wilkens, Amy W Hobek, Amy S Pratt, Michelle Leon, Kimmerly Harrell, Victoria S McKenna","doi":"10.1044/2025_persp-25-00052","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2025_persp-25-00052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study investigated the relationship between acoustic measures and Google's Speech-to-Text inaccuracies in recognizing speech of children ages 4-9 years who speak African American English (AAE).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Audio recordings were collected from 11 AAE speaking children with speech stimuli targeting final plosive variations observed within the AAE dialect. Dialectal density was measured using the Diagnostic Evaluation of Language Variation Language Screener. Recordings were transcribed using Google's Speech-to-Text application (Google Voice) and inaccuracies were determined through comparison to researcher extracted transcriptions. Acoustic measures from vowels preceding final plosives (including vowel duration, fundamental frequency, average <i>F</i> ₁) were extracted using Praat and a custom MATLAB algorithm. Individual mixed-effects logistic regression models were conducted to analyze the relationships between acoustic measures and transcription accuracy (accurate vs. inaccurate) for voiced and voiceless plosives separately.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were no significant differences between inaccuracy rates for voiced and voiceless plosive productions, nor were acoustic measures predictive of speech-to-text inaccuracy. However, age and dialect density were significantly related to voiceless plosive accuracy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The complexities of voice, motor and articulatory development within children can be characterized by acoustic measures. These measures inform acoustic algorithms created for speech technology. Research on acoustic measures in young child AAE speech, with considerations for dialect variability and age, will enhance speech recognition technology and clinical best practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":74424,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives of the ASHA special interest groups","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12490741/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145234305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Yoga as a Fatigue Intervention for Children Who Are Deaf and Hard of Hearing.","authors":"Krystal L Werfel, Jessica Mattingly, Emily Lund","doi":"10.1044/2025_persp-25-00008","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2025_persp-25-00008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a single session of restorative yoga on the fatigue and in-the-moment reading skills of children who are Deaf and Hard of Hearing.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The study included nine children who are Deaf and Hard of Hearing between first and sixth grade. After completing two days of language and literacy assessments as part of a larger study, the participants self-reported fatigue and completed both subtests of the Test of Word Reading Efficiency-2^nd Edition (TOWRE-2). They then participated in a 20 minute restorative yoga session. Following the yoga session, the children again self-reported fatigue and completed alternative forms of the TOWRE-2.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analyses revealed that the majority of participants experienced a decrease in fatigue post-yoga session, resulting in a small effect size. There was no effect noted for reading of sight words and nonwords read; however, the majority of participants read more nonwords post-yoga session than prior to the yoga session.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Yoga has potential to positively impact levels of fatigue experienced by children who are Deaf and Hard of Hearing. Future research evaluating the effects of multiple sessions of yoga on the fatigue is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":74424,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives of the ASHA special interest groups","volume":"10 4","pages":"1180-1189"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13155433/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147870607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Speech Therapy in an Adult With Cleft Lip and Palate: A Clinical Case Study.","authors":"John H Munday, Maia N Braden, Daniel Y Cho, Robert Brinton Fujiki","doi":"10.1044/2025_PERSP-25-00045","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2025_PERSP-25-00045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Clinical scenario: </strong>Although speech therapy (ST) has been frequently studied in children, the efficacy of motor-phonetic ST in adults with repaired cleft lip and palate (CLP) is unclear.</p><p><strong>Clinical question: </strong>How does articulation change over time for an adult with CLP engaged in motor-phonetic ST?</p><p><strong>Study sources: </strong>This study describes articulation and motor-phonetic intervention in a 33-year-old, monolingual Spanish-speaking woman presenting with CLP and associated velopharyngeal insufficiency. Case history, initial evaluation, surgical intervention, and progress during ST are described with reference to current literature.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Upon initial evaluation, the patient presented with speech characterized by pervasive compensatory articulation errors and moderate hypernasality. As such, the patient completed 22 sessions of ST and underwent palatal surgery (between ST Sessions 3 and 4). Follow-up data were collected 49 days following treatment. Progress in ST was tracked using percent consonants correct (PCC) on the targets /p, t, k, s/. All therapy targets were produced at baseline as glottal stops (0% PCC). Following surgery, PCC was 56% for /p/, 31% for /t/, and 0% for /s/. In Session 11, /k/ was introduced (PCC = 45%). At Session 22, PCC was 100% for /p/, 46% for /t/, 100% for /s/, and 70% for /k/. PCC values were maintained across all target phonemes at follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PCC improved following intervention, and gains were maintained at follow-up. Data suggest that a motor-phonetic approach may effectively address speech sound disorders in adults with CLP. Future research is needed to explore this intervention on a larger scale and compare to other approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":74424,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives of the ASHA special interest groups","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12268363/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144981664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introduction to the Forum: Intersectional Approaches to Language in Autism.","authors":"Kelly L Coburn, Teresa Girolamo","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74424,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives of the ASHA special interest groups","volume":"10 3","pages":"651-654"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12668521/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145662770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}