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The methodology and dataset of the coscience eeg-personality project – a large-scale, multi-laboratory project grounded in cooperative forking paths analysis coscience eye -personality项目的方法论和数据集-一个基于合作分叉路径分析的大型多实验室项目
Personality science Pub Date : 2022-06-08 DOI: 10.5964/ps.7177
Katharina Paul, C. Short, A. Beauducel, Hannes Per Carsten, Kai Härpfer, J. Hennig, J. Hewig, A. Hildebrandt, Corinna Kührt, E. M. Mueller, A. Munk, Roman Osinsky, Elisa Porth, A. Riesel, J. Rodrigues, Christoph Scheffel, J. Stahl, A. Strobel, Jan Wacker
{"title":"The methodology and dataset of the coscience eeg-personality project – a large-scale, multi-laboratory project grounded in cooperative forking paths analysis","authors":"Katharina Paul, C. Short, A. Beauducel, Hannes Per Carsten, Kai Härpfer, J. Hennig, J. Hewig, A. Hildebrandt, Corinna Kührt, E. M. Mueller, A. Munk, Roman Osinsky, Elisa Porth, A. Riesel, J. Rodrigues, Christoph Scheffel, J. Stahl, A. Strobel, Jan Wacker","doi":"10.5964/ps.7177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5964/ps.7177","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Despite a plethora of research, associations between individual differences in personality and electroencephalogram (EEG) parameters remain poorly understood due to concerns of low replicability and insufficiently powered data analyses due to relatively small effect sizes. The present article describes how a multi-laboratory team of EEG-personality researchers aims to alleviate this unsatisfactory status quo. In particular, the present article outlines the design and methodology of the project, provides a detailed overview of the resulting large-scale dataset that is available for use by future collaborators, and forms the basis for consistency and depth to the methodology of all resulting empirical articles. Through this article, we aim to inform researchers in the field of Personality Neuroscience of the freely available dataset. Furthermore, we assume that researchers will generally benefit from this detailed example of the implementation of cooperative forking paths analysis.","PeriodicalId":74421,"journal":{"name":"Personality science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71083733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A goal by any other name: Effects of different goal elicitation methods on goal pursuit 任何其他名称的目标:不同目标激发方法对目标追求的影响
Personality science Pub Date : 2022-05-31 DOI: 10.5964/ps.7975
M. Milyavskaya, Isabelle Leduc-Cummings, Kendra Carnrite, Carter Richards, Jasmin Yee
{"title":"A goal by any other name: Effects of different goal elicitation methods on goal pursuit","authors":"M. Milyavskaya, Isabelle Leduc-Cummings, Kendra Carnrite, Carter Richards, Jasmin Yee","doi":"10.5964/ps.7975","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5964/ps.7975","url":null,"abstract":"There are many ways in which researchers ask participants about their personal goals or projects, yet findings are subsequently considered interchangeable. This study experimentally tested whether different ways of asking participants about their goals elicits different goals and impacts reports of goal progress. Undergraduate participants (N = 285) were assigned to one of three conditions (personal projects, personal goals, open-ended goals), listed an unlimited number of goals they were currently pursing, rated each goal on a series of goal characteristics, and six weeks later reported on their goal progress. Results indicated that participants reported significantly more goals in the personal project condition than in the other two conditions, and that these goals were rated as less difficult. Overall, the present study provides further insight into the effects of the elicitation methods employed in goal pursuit research.","PeriodicalId":74421,"journal":{"name":"Personality science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43967465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Fast, but not so furious. On the distinctiveness of a fast life history strategy and the common core of aversive traits 速度很快，但没有那么激烈。快生活史策略的独特性与厌恶特质的共同核心
Personality science Pub Date : 2022-05-19 DOI: 10.5964/ps.6879
Luisa K. Horsten, B. Hilbig, Isabel Thielmann, Ingo Zettler, Morten Moshagen
{"title":"Fast, but not so furious. On the distinctiveness of a fast life history strategy and the common core of aversive traits","authors":"Luisa K. Horsten, B. Hilbig, Isabel Thielmann, Ingo Zettler, Morten Moshagen","doi":"10.5964/ps.6879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5964/ps.6879","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Evolutionary Psychology has considered a Fast Life History Strategy (FLHS), denoting an individual’s tendency to invest more resources in proliferation than in child-rearing, to be responsible for the emergence of aversive traits. Empirical evidence for this notion has been inconsistent, however. Herein, we tested whether FLHS is an adequate representation of the underlying disposition of aversive traits (N = 869). To this end, we considered twelve specific aversive traits, and additionally measured and modeled the common core of these traits. We found only weak correlations of FLHS with individual aversive traits as well as with their common core. In sum, the results suggest that the common core of aversive traits is only marginally reflected in FLHS.","PeriodicalId":74421,"journal":{"name":"Personality science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47685848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Stimulus evaluation in the eye of the beholder: Big Five personality traits explain variance in normed picture sets 旁观者眼中的刺激评价:大五人格特征解释了规范图片集的差异
Personality science Pub Date : 2022-05-19 DOI: 10.5964/ps.7951
Moritz Ingendahl, Tobias Vogel
{"title":"Stimulus evaluation in the eye of the beholder: Big Five personality traits explain variance in normed picture sets","authors":"Moritz Ingendahl, Tobias Vogel","doi":"10.5964/ps.7951","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5964/ps.7951","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The use of normed picture sets has become the gold standard in the study of affect, emotion, or attitudes. However, normed picture sets not only show the intended variance between pictures, but for each picture, normed ratings also show substantial variance between persons. Here, we examine whether interindividual variance in the pictures’ evaluations is systematic and associated with personality traits. In a large-scale preregistered study, a heterogeneous sample of English- and German-speaking participants (total N = 901) completed a Big Five questionnaire and evaluated pictures of positive, neutral, and negative average valence from the OASIS database. The findings show that self-reported Neuroticism, Extraversion, and Agreeableness are associated with individual differences in picture evaluations, which supports and extends previous theorizing on personality and affect. Our results suggest that individual differences observed in paradigms employing valenced pictures may come from individual differences in picture evaluations rather than the processes under study.","PeriodicalId":74421,"journal":{"name":"Personality science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42062927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Correction of Leder, J., Schneider, S., & Schütz, A. (2021). Testing the relationships between narcissism, risk attitude, and income with data from a representative German sample Leder，J.、Schneider，S.和Schütz，A.的更正（2021）。用德国代表性样本的数据测试自恋、风险态度和收入之间的关系
Personality science Pub Date : 2022-05-09 DOI: 10.5964/ps.8253
{"title":"Correction of Leder, J., Schneider, S., & Schütz, A. (2021). Testing the relationships between narcissism, risk attitude, and income with data from a representative German sample","authors":"","doi":"10.5964/ps.8253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5964/ps.8253","url":null,"abstract":"two corrections must be made. First, on p. 4 we state: “Therefore, the two dimensions of narcissism (i.e., admiration and rivalry) should have distinct associations with general risk attitude when age, gen­ der, and income are controlled for—a distinction that past research has not addressed.” However, we did not include income as covariate when predicting risk attitude. In this point, we deviated from the preregistered analyses plan by not including income as a covariate. We decided not to include income as a covariate for the prediction of risk attitude as in the next analysis we predicted income with risk attitude, admiration, and rivalry. For this reason, the sentence on p. 4 should state: “Therefore, the two dimensions of narcissism (i.e., admiration and rivalry) should have distinct associations with general risk attitude when age and gender are controlled for—a distinction that past research has not addressed.” Second, the variable “age” was omitted from Table 3 when copying the table from R to Word. The correct Table 3 is shown here, with age being inserted.","PeriodicalId":74421,"journal":{"name":"Personality science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49245243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ten steps toward a better personality science – a rejoinder to the comments 迈向更好的人格科学的十步——回复评论
Personality science Pub Date : 2022-05-06 DOI: 10.5964/ps.7961
Daniel Leising, Isabel Thielmann, A. Glöckner, Anne Gärtner, Felix D. Schönbrodt
{"title":"Ten steps toward a better personality science – a rejoinder to the comments","authors":"Daniel Leising, Isabel Thielmann, A. Glöckner, Anne Gärtner, Felix D. Schönbrodt","doi":"10.5964/ps.7961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5964/ps.7961","url":null,"abstract":"We respond to the comments (https://doi.org/10.5964/ps.9227) on our “Ten Steps” paper (https://doi.org/10.5964/ps.6029), focusing on the most prominent themes: (1) What motivates scientists?, (2) Consensus-building (Is our field ready? May there be adverse side-effects? How shall we do it?), (3) How may institutional change be facilitated?, (4) Diversity (of participants, stimuli, methodology, measures, and among researchers), (5) The reliability of our proposed scoring system, and (6) The real-world relevance of personality research. We stand by our call for more concerted consensus-building and offer a few clarifications in this regard. We also issue four specific calls to action to our colleagues in the field: (a) specify legitimate paths to greater consensus, (b) explicate what constitutes good “qualitative” research, (c) help establish a widely used, public domain item database, and (d) determine what the most important contemporary goals of personality research are.","PeriodicalId":74421,"journal":{"name":"Personality science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43202834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Personality Neuroscience: An Emerging Field with Bright Prospects. 人格神经科学：前景光明的新兴领域。
Personality science Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-10-12 DOI: 10.5964/ps.7269
Colin G DeYoung, Roger E Beaty, Erhan Genç, Robert D Latzman, Luca Passamonti, Michelle N Servaas, Alexander J Shackman, Luke D Smillie, R Nathan Spreng, Essi Viding, Jan Wacker
{"title":"Personality Neuroscience: An Emerging Field with Bright Prospects.","authors":"Colin G DeYoung, Roger E Beaty, Erhan Genç, Robert D Latzman, Luca Passamonti, Michelle N Servaas, Alexander J Shackman, Luke D Smillie, R Nathan Spreng, Essi Viding, Jan Wacker","doi":"10.5964/ps.7269","DOIUrl":"10.5964/ps.7269","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Personality neuroscience is the study of persistent psychological individual differences, typically in the general population, using neuroscientific methods. It has the potential to shed light on the neurobiological mechanisms underlying individual differences and their manifestation in ongoing behavior and experience. The field was inaugurated many decades ago, yet has only really gained momentum in the last two, as suitable technologies have become widely available. Personality neuroscience employs a broad range of methods, including molecular genetics, pharmacological assays or manipulations, electroencephalography, and various neuroimaging modalities, such as magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography. Although exciting progress is being made in this young field, much remains unknown. In this brief review, we discuss discoveries that have been made, methodological challenges and advances, and important questions that remain to be answered. We also discuss best practices for personality neuroscience research and promising future directions for the field.</p>","PeriodicalId":74421,"journal":{"name":"Personality science","volume":"3 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9561792/pdf/nihms-1792441.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33517173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Unified Narcissism Scale: Moving towards an integrated measure of narcissism 统一自恋量表:迈向自恋的综合衡量标准
Personality science Pub Date : 2021-12-30 DOI: 10.5964/ps.7417
Danushika Sivanathan, Boris Bizumic, Conal Monaghan
{"title":"The Unified Narcissism Scale: Moving towards an integrated measure of narcissism","authors":"Danushika Sivanathan, Boris Bizumic, Conal Monaghan","doi":"10.5964/ps.7417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5964/ps.7417","url":null,"abstract":"Narcissism as a psychological construct has had a contentious past both in its conceptualization and measurement. There is an emerging consensus that narcissism consists of grandiose and vulnerable subtypes, which share a common core. In the present research (N = 1002), we constructed a new measure of unified narcissism that reflects these contemporary understandings using items from the most widely used measures of grandiose and vulnerable narcissism: the Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI; Raskin & Terry, 1988, https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.54.5.890), and the Pathological Narcissism Inventory (PNI; Pincus et al., 2009, https://doi-org/10.1037/a0016530). We used classical test theory and item response theory approaches to devise a 29-item Unified Narcissism Scale. The scale showed good internal consistency, and convergent and discriminant validity, and showed evidence of measurement invariance between men and women. This research gave strong support for the structure, reliability, and validity of the unified measure, which offers a promising avenue for further enhancing our knowledge of narcissism.","PeriodicalId":74421,"journal":{"name":"Personality science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43408080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Correction of McAdams, D. P., Trzesniewski, K., Lilgendahl, J., Benet-Martinez, V., & Robins, R. W. (2021). Self and identity in personality psychology 更正McAdams，D.P.、Trzesniewski，K.、Lilgendahl，J.、Benet Martinez，V.和Robins，R.W.（2021）。人格心理学中的自我与身份
Personality science Pub Date : 2021-12-30 DOI: 10.5964/ps.8043
{"title":"Correction of McAdams, D. P., Trzesniewski, K., Lilgendahl, J., Benet-Martinez, V., &\u0000 Robins, R. W. (2021). Self and identity in personality psychology","authors":"","doi":"10.5964/ps.8043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5964/ps.8043","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74421,"journal":{"name":"Personality science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47514727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Authoring esteem: Writing about vicarious and personal life story chapters boosts state self-esteem 权威自尊：写替代性和个人生活故事章节可以增强国家自尊
Personality science Pub Date : 2021-12-23 DOI: 10.5964/ps.7017
D. Thomsen, Stefan Pfattheicher, W. Dunlop
{"title":"Authoring esteem: Writing about vicarious and personal life story chapters boosts state self-esteem","authors":"D. Thomsen, Stefan Pfattheicher, W. Dunlop","doi":"10.5964/ps.7017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5964/ps.7017","url":null,"abstract":"Constructing personal life stories carries benefits for psychological adjustment. We examined whether writing about the life stories of parents (i.e., vicarious life stories) hold similar advantages. In Study 1, we adapted an established experimental paradigm to an online format. Participants wrote either about personal life story chapters or about famous persons (control condition) and completed pre- and post-measures of state self-esteem. We found the predicted interaction as self-esteem increased in the chapter but not in the control condition. In Studies 2 and 3, we added the critical condition of writing about vicarious chapters. Study 2 did not find the predicted interaction. Instead, all three conditions increased in self-esteem. Study 3, which used a new neutral control task (writing about historical events), showed that the two chapter conditions, but not the control condition, increased in self-esteem. This suggests that authoring life stories for both oneself and close others momentarily boosts self-esteem.","PeriodicalId":74421,"journal":{"name":"Personality science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47641324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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