Pediatric health, medicine and therapeutics最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infections and Associated Risk Factors Among Schoolchildren in Ibb Governorate, Southwest Yemen: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Abdulkawi Ali Al-Fakih,&nbsp;Essam Ali Al-Wrafi,&nbsp;Amat Al-Haleem Abdu Al-Jabar Al-Motawkil,&nbsp;Al-Zahra Ali Shabalah,&nbsp;Asma Faisal Aqeel,&nbsp;Mohammed Abdallah Mahdi,&nbsp;Haneen Abdualkareem Al-Hubaishi,&nbsp;Yahya Mansour Marsh,&nbsp;Bothina Hassan Joyer,&nbsp;Ghada Hossain Al-Shoga'a","doi":"10.2147/PHMT.S374475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/PHMT.S374475","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) among schoolchildren are important public health problem, especially in developing countries, and monitoring of such infections and associated risk factors are necessary for intervention strategies. In line with this view, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of IPIs and associated risk factors among schoolchildren in Ibb governorate, southwest Yemen.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was carried out during February to April 2020 on 600 schoolchildren selected from 6 districts of Ibb governorate. Fecal specimens were examined using saline and iodine wet mount and formal-ether concentration techniques. Socio-demographic data were collected using pre-designed, structured questionnaires. The results were analyzed using SPSS for Windows version 25 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 600 participants, the overall prevalence of IPIs was 66.3% (398/600). The prevalence rate of protozoan infections (56.3%, 338/600) was largely higher than helminthic infections (10%, 60/600). The most common intestinal parasite was <i>E. histolytica</i>/<i>dispar</i> (28.5%, 171/600). <i>S. mansoni</i> infection showed higher infection rate in males (5.3%) than in females (0.4%), with statistically significant difference (P = 0.001). Univariate analysis showed that the age was only significantly associated with protozoan infections, with statistically significant differences (P = 0.002). Regarding to clinical symptoms, the presence of IPIs was significantly associated with diarrhea, dysentery, and abdominal pain.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study revealed that there was a relatively high prevalence of IPIs, especially protozoan parasites, in schoolchildren of the study area, with <i>E. histolytica</i>/<i>dispar</i> being the most prevalent parasite. The results showed that age was only significantly associated with IPIs. According to the results of this study, IPIs are still among the main public health problems in the study area. Thus, effective prevention and control strategies are important to reduce the incidence of IPIs in this area of the country.</p>","PeriodicalId":74410,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric health, medicine and therapeutics","volume":" ","pages":"325-333"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/0e/1e/phmt-13-325.PMC9507973.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40376444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of Chronic Migraine in Children and Adolescents: Where are We in 2022?","authors":"Robert C Gibler,&nbsp;Kaelynn E Knestrick,&nbsp;Brooke L Reidy,&nbsp;Daniel N Lax,&nbsp;Scott W Powers","doi":"10.2147/PHMT.S334744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/PHMT.S334744","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Migraine is a neurological disorder that affects millions of children and adolescents worldwide. Chronic migraine is a subtype of migraine in which patients experience headaches for more days than not each month, with accompanying symptoms of phonophobia, photophobia, nausea or vomiting for most of these headaches. The burden and impact of chronic migraine in the daily lives of children and adolescents is substantial, requiring a holistic, multidisciplinary, and biopsychosocial approach to conceptualization and treatment. The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive \"2022\" overview of acute and preventive treatments for the management of chronic migraine in youth. We first describe diagnostic criteria for chronic migraine and highlight the state of evidence for acute and preventive treatment in children and adolescents. We then discuss emerging treatments currently receiving rigorous clinical research effort, special considerations for the treatment of chronic migraine in children and adolescents, and avenues for improving existing treatments and expanding access to evidence-based care.</p>","PeriodicalId":74410,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric health, medicine and therapeutics","volume":" ","pages":"309-323"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/56/f8/phmt-13-309.PMC9470380.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40359527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Main Clinical and Laboratory Features of Children with Bacterial Meningitis: Experience from a Tertiary Paediatric Centre in Central Vietnam.","authors":"Chau Duc Nguyen-Huu,&nbsp;Son Bui-Binh-Bao,&nbsp;Kiem Hao Tran,&nbsp;Van Tuan Mai,&nbsp;Diem Chi Nguyen-Thi,&nbsp;Hanh Chan Tran-Thi,&nbsp;Anh Nguyen-Duy-Nam,&nbsp;Phuc To,&nbsp;Van Anh Ton-Nu","doi":"10.2147/PHMT.S371914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/PHMT.S371914","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Our study aimed to summarize symptoms and laboratory findings of bacterial meningitis at a Vietnam tertiary care hospital.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a retrospective study and enrolled 33 children diagnosed with bacterial meningitis admitted at the Pediatric Center, Hue Central Hospital, between January 2019 and July 2021.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Only 24.2% (8 out of 33) cases can determine etiology of bacterial meningitis. <i>Streptococcus pneumonia</i> was the most common pathogen. The mortality in this study was 12.1%. The most commn symptoms were fever (93.9%) and vomiting (60.6%). Loss of consciousness and poor appetite were predominant among patients who died (75%); seizures and local paralysis accounted for a half. For cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), the cloudy or turbid color was the most common in bacterial meningitis (54.5%), CSF leucocytes in a half of patients were greater than 500 cells/mm³ (48.5%). CSF white blood cells count was higher among children who died.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong><i>Streptococcus pneumonia</i> was the most common pathogen. Fever, vomiting, loss of consciousness, local paralysis, and increased leucocytes, neutrophils of CSF were more common in severe cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":74410,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric health, medicine and therapeutics","volume":" ","pages":"289-295"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/13/85/phmt-13-289.PMC9427117.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40343499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pentalogy of Cantrell Associated with Ectopia Cordis: A Case Report.","authors":"Muneer Fazea,&nbsp;Mansour Alhameli,&nbsp;Faisal Ahmed,&nbsp;Mohammad Reza Askarpour,&nbsp;Wafa Murshed,&nbsp;Azizh Jarwsh,&nbsp;Amal Alkbous","doi":"10.2147/PHMT.S374289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/PHMT.S374289","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pentalogy of Cantrell is a congenital anomaly of the median mesodermal constructions with a poor prognosis. It is characterized by defects of the anterior diaphragm, the lower sternum, the abdominal wall, pericardium, and various congenital heart malformations. We present a case of ectopia cordis and Pentalogy of Cantrell in a newborn of a healthy 35-year-old woman with no history of embryotoxic exposure or smoking. The infant was first diagnosed with the anomaly in the second trimester of pregnancy and was delivered at 35 weeks of gestational age via a caesarian section. Shortly after birth, he was transferred to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) due to progressive respiratory failure, which ultimately, along with septicemia, led to infant death on the second day. In conclusion, the Pentalogy of Cantrell should be appropriately assessed for effective prenatal counseling and postnatal management with a multidisciplinary team; since infant survival assessment and early diagnosis give the parents the option of terminating the pregnancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":74410,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric health, medicine and therapeutics","volume":" ","pages":"283-287"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/30/b3/phmt-13-283.PMC9391988.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40419525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bilateral Large Pulmonary Hydatid Cyst: A Rare Presentation in a Young Child from Ethiopia.","authors":"Gashaw Arega,&nbsp;Rahel Argaw Kebede,&nbsp;Hanna Getachew Woldeselassie,&nbsp;Temesgen Lingerh,&nbsp;Tadele Yayeh","doi":"10.2147/PHMT.S374091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/PHMT.S374091","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hydatidosis is a parasitic disease caused by <i>Echinococcus granulosus</i>, which is endemic in many parts of the world. Hydatid cysts can occur in any organ of the human body and the lung is the most common site in children, primarily related to higher lung tissue elasticity. Bilateral pulmonary hydatid cyst is a rare clinical phenomenon in young children. Here, we report on a 3-year-old boy diagnosed with bilateral pulmonary hydatid cyst after he came with four months history of dry cough and progressive worsening of shortness of breath. Computed tomography of the chest revealed large bilateral thick-walled pulmonary cystic mass lesions, with bilateral perihilar extension and pressure effect on the diaphragm with surrounding atelectatic changes. The patient underwent left posterolateral thoracotomy and cyst excision was done for the left hydatid cyst. Two months after the first surgical cyst excision, right posterolateral thoracotomy and cystectomy was done for the right lung hydatid cyst. He recovered well post-operatively.</p>","PeriodicalId":74410,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric health, medicine and therapeutics","volume":" ","pages":"279-282"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/be/8b/phmt-13-279.PMC9380727.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40638195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes of Blenderized Gastrostomy Feeding in Children at Rouen University Hospital.","authors":"Faisal Alabbas,&nbsp;Clémentine Dumant","doi":"10.2147/PHMT.S361724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/PHMT.S361724","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>During the last few years, there has been an observed increase in the demand for blenderized tube feeding (BTF) in the outpatient setting among the caregivers of children suffering from chronic illnesses. This study aimed to assess the clinical and biochemical effect of BTF on children's general health and determine the psychosocial effect of this feeding type on their families.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This monocenter, retrospective study was conducted at the pediatric department of Rouen Hospital, France, and included ten children receiving a blended diet via enteral feeding tubes. Data were collected from the patients' profiles and by interviewing the caregivers to evaluate the clinical effects of BTF and its psychosocial effects on caregivers. Additionally, patients' medical records were reviewed for their nutritional status by assessing anthropomcetric measurements and biochemical markers recorded during follow-up visits.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ten patients were included (mean age, 6.2 years), and the mean BTF duration was 2.8 years. The patients were fed either homemade or commercial puree. Upper gastrointestinal symptoms such as vomiting improved rapidly after the introduction of blended food in six children (60%), where four experienced complete symptom regression and two showed marked improvement. Similarly, gagging and retching were alleviated in all cases. Diarrhea was alleviated in all cases, whereas constipation improved in three out of four patients. The families were satisfied with using natural BTF; however, caregivers cited the time taken to deliver blended food via syringe as a disadvantage.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We observed an improvement in gastrointestinal symptoms after the use of blended feeding by gastrostomy. Additionally, BTF had a positive psychological effect on caregivers.</p>","PeriodicalId":74410,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric health, medicine and therapeutics","volume":" ","pages":"271-277"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/19/9e/phmt-13-271.PMC9379119.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40638194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Milk Teeth Extraction and Enabling Community Factors Among Under Five-Year-Old Children in Alle Special Woreda, SNNPR, Ethiopia, 2022: Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study; Based on Theory of Planned Behavior Model.","authors":"Kusse Otayto,&nbsp;Wanzahun Godana,&nbsp;Tesfaye Feleke,&nbsp;Sultan Hussen,&nbsp;Mathewos Alemu","doi":"10.2147/PHMT.S365768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/PHMT.S365768","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Milk tooth extraction (MTE) is one of the most common harmful traditional practices performed by traditional healers without anesthesia and unsterile materials. The acute and chronic complications of this practice greatly affect the health of children. In order to develop effective preventive measures towards this harmful practice, the extent of the problem and factors contributing to the practice should be verified. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and associated factors of MTE among under five-years-old children in Alle special Woreda.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A community-based cross-sectional survey was undertaken at Alle Special Woreda among 363 women using a multi-stage stratified sampling method. Data was collected using semi-structured questionnaires and data entry was done with Epi-data version 4.4.3.1, while data management and analysis were done with STATA version 14.0. Univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression models were used while model's fitness was checked by Hosmer and Lemeshow test. Variables having a p-value of less than 0.05 were declared statistically significant in the final model.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Milk teeth extraction was practiced on 58.68% (95% CI:0.5,0.6) of children. Age of the child less than 12 months, AOR:1.27 (95% CI:1.02,1.6), maternal occupation (housewife) AOR:1.3 (95% CI:1.04,65), paternaleducational, level (illiterate) AOR:1.4 (95% CI:1.2,1.9), residence (rural) AOR:3.6 (95% CI:1.08,12.4), positive attitude AOR:1.65 (95% CI:1.01,2.8) and intentions AOR: 1.82 (95% CI:1.1,3.3) towards MTE practice showed statistically significant association with MTE practice.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and recommendations: </strong>It was found that milk teeth extraction practice was the most common practice in the study area, with a prevalence of 58.68%. Age of the child, maternal occupation, paternal educational level, residence, having a positive attitude and intentions toward MTE practice all had a statistically significant (P value less than 0.05) association with MTE practice. Society's barriers, such as knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) related, health facility related, and peer and social pressure-related factors, were identified. All stakeholders should put great emphasis on the elimination of this harmful practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":74410,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric health, medicine and therapeutics","volume":" ","pages":"257-269"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a4/01/phmt-13-257.PMC9255413.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40571585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient Characteristics Associated with NPO (Nil Per Os) Non-Compliance in the Pediatric Surgical Population.","authors":"Anuranjan Ghimire,&nbsp;Gregory S Maves,&nbsp;Stephani S Kim,&nbsp;Vidya T Raman,&nbsp;Joseph D Tobias","doi":"10.2147/PHMT.S361866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/PHMT.S361866","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cancellation of surgery or delay on the day of service is a huge burden for the patient, family, and healthcare system. Preventable delays impact efficiency and workflow, which may increase costs due to overtime and idle rooms during peak hours. Non-compliance to nil per os (NPO) guidelines remains one of the most common preventable causes for surgical cancellations. The current study sought to investigate and understand patient factors that may be associated with non-compliance to NPO guidelines.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>After IRB approval, a retrospective review of completed and cancelled pediatric procedures requiring the use of anesthesia over a 5-year period was performed. Emergency procedures and inpatient surgeries were excluded. Data regarding patient demographics and surgical service were extracted from the electronic medical records for comparison. A logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with cancellations due to NPO non-compliance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 825 cancellations due to NPO non-compliance of 144,049 cases for an incidence of 0.57% over the 5-year period. Patients in the 6-12 year old age range and those who self-identified as non-White or non-English speaking had a higher incidence of cancelling due to NPO non-compliance. Compared to ear, nose, and throat (ENT) procedures, cancellations due to NPO non-compliance were more likely in radiology, dental, and urology procedures.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Many factors may impact a family's compliance with NPO guidelines. Patient-related factors included those who self-identified as non-White or non-English speaking. Patients having ENT surgery were less likely to have NPO non-compliance than those having radiologic procedures, dental surgery, or urologic surgery. Future interventions focused on these groups may be most effective in limiting day of surgery cancellations.</p>","PeriodicalId":74410,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric health, medicine and therapeutics","volume":" ","pages":"235-242"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/04/bf/phmt-13-235.PMC9208666.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40238748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"B430 Disparities in paediatric fracture treatment in the United States","authors":"JM Ruby, H. Zhong, KR DelPizzo, A. Illescas, J. Poeran, J. Liu, C. Cozowicz, S. Memtsoudis","doi":"10.1136/rapm-2022-esra.506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/rapm-2022-esra.506","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74410,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric health, medicine and therapeutics","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77527780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"B437 Dexamethasone as adjuvant in upper extremity peripheral nerve blocks in pediatric patients","authors":"L. Mikjunovikj Derebanova, V. Demjanski, V. Ognjanova, S. Golubic, H. Lazarevska, E. Jankulovska Vlahovikj","doi":"10.1136/rapm-2022-esra.513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/rapm-2022-esra.513","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74410,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric health, medicine and therapeutics","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78462205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}