PEC innovation最新文献

{"title":"Clinician-patient communication about cancer treatment misinformation: The Misinformation Response Model","authors":"M. Devyn Mullis ,&nbsp;Carla L. Fisher ,&nbsp;Skyler B. Johnson ,&nbsp;Tianshi Liu ,&nbsp;Tithi B. Amin ,&nbsp;Sherise Rogers ,&nbsp;Kennan DeGruccio ,&nbsp;Carma L. Bylund","doi":"10.1016/j.pecinn.2024.100319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pecinn.2024.100319","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Cancer treatment misinformation (CTM) is pervasive and impacts patient health outcomes. Cancer clinicians play an essential role in addressing CTM. We previously identified four self-reported responses that characterize the communication process clinicians engage in to address CTM. Clinicians 1) work to understand the misinformation; 2) correct the misinformation through education; 3) advise about future online searches; and 4) preserve the clinician-patient relationship. We sought to confirm and expand on the model we developed by observing cancer clinicians' communication while addressing CTM with a standardized patient (SP).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>17 cancer clinicians were audio recorded in a SP encounter, in which a breast cancer SP asked three questions based on CTM. We thematically analyzed transcriptions of the recordings.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Clinicians used four responses with associated strategies and skills to address CTM in a standardized clinical encounter, confirming the previously developed model. The four responses were: (1) work to understand the misinformation; (2) correct the misinformation through education; (3) advise about future online searches; and (4) preserve the clinician-patient relationship. This observational approach allowed us to refine strategies within each response and identify communication skills clinicians enact to address CTM.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>These findings provide a strong foundation for the Misinformation Response Model for cancer clinicians. Future research should examine which components of the model are most effective in improving patient outcomes.</p></div><div><h3>Innovation</h3><p>This is the first study observing clinicians' communication through simulated practice with SPs about CTM.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":74407,"journal":{"name":"PEC innovation","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100319"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772628224000670/pdfft?md5=796a7c80f3fe3f183dd7f66a01540384&pid=1-s2.0-S2772628224000670-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141583403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of telepresence with real-time video and audio communication on parent-infant interaction and staff experience in neonatal intensive care unit","authors":"Tomoko Saito ,&nbsp;Tomoyuki Shimokaze ,&nbsp;Miku Niizuma ,&nbsp;Masako Suzuki ,&nbsp;Makiko Toyoshima ,&nbsp;Katsuaki Toyoshima","doi":"10.1016/j.pecinn.2024.100315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pecinn.2024.100315","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>We implemented an online visitation system named “telepresence” in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) for family members at home to communicate with their babies in real-time using video and audio. This study evaluated the impact of this system on families and medical staff.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Nineteen families of babies admitted to the NICU between 2022 and 2023 and 65 medical staff participated. Each family experienced two weeks of virtual visits. Changes in parental depression and attachment were assessed.</p></div><div><h3>Result</h3><p>Before and after telepresence, the median Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale score reduced from 6 to 4 (<em>p</em> = 0.026), and the Mother-to-Infant Bonding Scale score showed a decreasing trend, with both medians at 2 (<em>p</em> = 0.057). Eighty-nine percent of the parents and 97% of staff reported that telepresence did not increase parental stress, and 88% of parents felt positive changes in their baby's siblings. All parents wanted to visit their babies in person after seeing them on camera.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Telepresence improved parental mental health, reduced family distress, and supported connection with their infants, making them eager to visit in person.</p></div><div><h3>Innovations</h3><p>This technology potentially make parents want to visit more by helping them feel more connected to their infants.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":74407,"journal":{"name":"PEC innovation","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100315"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772628224000633/pdfft?md5=15e62e7b3d3d2b892dc2c522b780a5f4&pid=1-s2.0-S2772628224000633-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141596016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Awareness of antimicrobial resistance and appropriate handling of antibiotics by the public in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study using a quiz game","authors":"Waad M. Alzahrani ,&nbsp;Lujain S. Alkliakh ,&nbsp;Esraa B. Alwafai ,&nbsp;Manal F. Madani ,&nbsp;Nima L. Hersi ,&nbsp;Eilaaf A. Shakir ,&nbsp;Abrar K. Thabit","doi":"10.1016/j.pecinn.2024.100318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pecinn.2024.100318","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Public awareness of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is essential to tackling this issue. Studies in Saudi Arabia have demonstrated insufficient AMR knowledge among the public. We aimed to indirectly raise awareness while simultaneously assessing the public's knowledge. We also assessed the factors associated with optimal knowledge and antibiotic handling.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We developed an online quiz game comprising 10 questions on AMR knowledge and antibiotic handling, recording each participant's score. We collected the responses from the Saudi public using a cross-sectional study design.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of the 428 participants, 68.7% were females and 42.5% were aged between 41 and 65 years; 70.1% held undergraduate degrees. Only 17.8% had a health-related major. While 83.2% had heard of AMR, the median [interquartile range] AMR knowledge score was 6 [5–7] out of 10 points. Holding a health-related major and having prior knowledge of AMR were associated with higher scores (RR, 1.28 and 1.18; 95%CI, 1.13–1.44 and 1.03–1.35; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001 and <em>P</em> = 0.020, respectively).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The Saudi public demonstrated average knowledge of AMR. We recommend awareness-raising campaigns about AMR targeting the public.</p></div><div><h3>Innovation</h3><p>We utilized an innovative approach by distributing an online questionnaire as a quiz game to fulfill two purposes: the assessment of knowledge and awareness-raising about AMR.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":74407,"journal":{"name":"PEC innovation","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100318"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772628224000669/pdfft?md5=63b0c71886e7ebae797cfd35ff2f579c&pid=1-s2.0-S2772628224000669-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141583339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Palliative, hospice, and end-of-life care special issue introductory editorial","authors":"Emily L. Mroz ,&nbsp;Jordan M. Alpert","doi":"10.1016/j.pecinn.2024.100314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pecinn.2024.100314","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74407,"journal":{"name":"PEC innovation","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100314"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772628224000621/pdfft?md5=1ce1c93815457d45ee589a607be08ad8&pid=1-s2.0-S2772628224000621-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141541566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility and acceptability of a videoconference-based cognitive-behavioral intervention for caregivers of individuals living with mild cognitive impairment or early Alzheimer's disease","authors":"Phylicia Verreault ,&nbsp;Marie-Christine Ouellet ,&nbsp;Céline Mavounza ,&nbsp;Robert Jr Laforce ,&nbsp;Jean Vézina ,&nbsp;Carol Hudon","doi":"10.1016/j.pecinn.2024.100317","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pecinn.2024.100317","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The objective of the current pilot study was to investigate the feasibility and acceptability of a videoconference-based cognitive behavioral (CBT) intervention for caregivers of individuals living with mild cognitive impairment or early Alzheimer's disease. The intervention included psychoeducation on emotions, strategies for management of unhelpful emotions and thoughts, behavioral activation, breathing and relaxation, strategies for communication and information on external resources.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This study used a cross-sectional design with two groups of four caregivers who received an 8-week CBT-based intervention via videoconference. Measures of feasibility and acceptability were collected post-intervention as well as suggestions for improvements.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Eight female caregivers were enrolled in the intervention, one participant opted out at the seventh session. Of those who completed the program, all participants reported that it was very easy to participate using the online modality. All participants felt that the intervention was at least partly adapted to their experience and needs as a caregiver. Five out of seven participants (71%) indicated that they felt better and would recommend the intervention to another caregiver.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The current study demonstrated that it is feasible and acceptable to use a videoconference CBT-based group intervention with MCI or mild AD female caregivers.</p></div><div><h3>Innovation</h3><p>This is the first videoconference-based cognitive behavioral intervention for caregivers of individuals living with MCI or mild AD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":74407,"journal":{"name":"PEC innovation","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100317"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772628224000657/pdfft?md5=931149df9cff8adc042338a3f7a96119&pid=1-s2.0-S2772628224000657-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141704643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does empathy decline in the clinical phase of medical education? A study of students at Leicester medical school","authors":"Leila Keshtkar ,&nbsp;Andy Ward ,&nbsp;Rachel Winter ,&nbsp;Char Leung ,&nbsp;Jeremy Howick","doi":"10.1016/j.pecinn.2024.100316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pecinn.2024.100316","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To examine whether medical student empathy changes throughout the five years of a UK medical school.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Students completed an online version of the Jefferson Scale of Empathy (JSE-S) during the 2022–2023 academic year. Comparisons of empathy scores were made using analysis of variance (ANOVA), and independent <em>t</em>-tests.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Empathy scores varied across different years of medical school (<em>P</em> ≤ 0.001), with a small drop in empathy between the pre-clinical and clinical phases of medical school (Mean difference = 1.82, <em>P</em> = 0.025). Male students scored lower than female students and there was no statistically significant difference between the mean empathy score and speciality interest.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Students' empathy appeared declined slightly as they progressed through medical school. As a crucial component of good clinical care, interventions in medical education to enhance empathy should be prioritised.</p></div><div><h3>Innovation</h3><p>This is the first time following the COVID-19 pandemic that medical student empathy was measured across all five years of a medical school. Unlike many previous related studies, we identified the point at which empathy appears to decline, providing guidance for educators who can target empathy enhancing interventions where they are most needed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":74407,"journal":{"name":"PEC innovation","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100316"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772628224000645/pdfft?md5=816af771b0520b2cb297a4a716cbc7d5&pid=1-s2.0-S2772628224000645-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141541567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring perceptions of online calculators for identifying community-dwelling older people at risk of dying: A qualitative study","authors":"Carol Bennett ,&nbsp;Sarah Beach ,&nbsp;Karen Pacheco ,&nbsp;Amy T. Hsu ,&nbsp;Peter Tanuseputro ,&nbsp;Douglas G. Manuel","doi":"10.1016/j.pecinn.2024.100313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pecinn.2024.100313","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>This study aimed to assess the acceptability, value, and perceived barriers of using electronic risk calculators for predicting and communicating the risk of death in community-dwelling older adults.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>One focus group and eight interviews were conducted with 16 participants with experience caring for patients or family members at end of life. A prototype mortality risk tool was used to anchor discussions. Data were analysed using a qualitative content analysis approach.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Five themes emerged: acceptability, communication, barriers to use, broadening the circle of care, and tool limitations. Participants found the tool helpful for preparation, planning, and providing care, but disagreed on its community availability. Personalized risk estimates were valued for facilitating early goals of care conversations and normalizing discussions about death. However, concerns were raised about the tool's interpretation for individuals with different language, cultural, or educational backgrounds.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>While electronic risk calculators were found to be acceptable, balancing autonomy with varying preferences for receiving the information and potential need for support is crucial.</p></div><div><h3>Innovation</h3><p>Providing patient-oriented life-expectancy estimates can enhance decisional capacity and facilitate shared decision-making between patients, their families, and healthcare professionals. Further research is needed to explore effective communication of personalized risk tools and additional benefits, harms, and barriers to implementation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":74407,"journal":{"name":"PEC innovation","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100313"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S277262822400061X/pdfft?md5=be6fc8123aa8bb4685d253bcc3528204&pid=1-s2.0-S277262822400061X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141480151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of an online tool to support financial and legal planning in dementia","authors":"Irene Tessaro ,&nbsp;Sarah M. Hooper ,&nbsp;Denise Watt ,&nbsp;David Menestres ,&nbsp;David Farrell","doi":"10.1016/j.pecinn.2024.100312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pecinn.2024.100312","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To develop, assess, and refine an online educational tool, Plan for Clarity, to support financial and legal planning in dementia.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A Delphi mixed-method study with three rounds of anonymous review by lay and professional stakeholders was designed to reach consensus about the content of the online tool and explore the socio-cultural and behavioral factors that could affect access and use.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Consensus showed that the online tool covered key information, knowledge, and communication skills for financial and legal planning. Study themes: 1) the online tool had to be easy to navigate with relevant, easily understood information; 2) people with early signs of memory difficulties would be able to use the tool; 3) a referral from a trusted source is a primary way to facilitate access and use of the tool; and 4) discussions about financial and legal issues should be held early, ahead of barriers that can block discussion.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>These data suggest this online tool is relevant and feasible for dementia care and support as well as aging more generally.</p></div><div><h3>Innovation</h3><p>Plan for Clarity is innovative as an evidence and theory-driven online education tool to address financial and legal planning for dementia care, particularly among underserved older adults.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":74407,"journal":{"name":"PEC innovation","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100312"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772628224000608/pdfft?md5=9c91d13d9e28d7765e054249e23f844d&pid=1-s2.0-S2772628224000608-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141480152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prioritising Key Concepts for informed health choices in cancer: An evidence-based online educational programme","authors":"Mengqi Li ,&nbsp;Declan Devane ,&nbsp;Claire Beecher ,&nbsp;Maura Dowling ,&nbsp;Austin G. Duffy ,&nbsp;Caitriona Duggan ,&nbsp;David Robert Grimes ,&nbsp;Avril Kennan ,&nbsp;Claire Kilty ,&nbsp;Allen Nsangi ,&nbsp;Andrew D. Oxman ,&nbsp;Derek C. Stewart ,&nbsp;Elaine Toomey ,&nbsp;Marie Tierney","doi":"10.1016/j.pecinn.2024.100311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pecinn.2024.100311","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The overabundance of health misinformation has undermined people's capacity to make evidence-based, informed choices about their health. Using the Informed Health Choices (IHC) Key Concepts (KCs), we are developing a two-stage education programme, Informed Health Choices-Cancer (IHC-C), to provide those impacted by cancer with the knowledge and skills necessary to think critically about the reliability of health information and claims and make well-informed choices. Stage 1 seeks to prioritise the most relevant Key Concepts.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A project group and a patient and carer participation group completed a two-round prioritisation process. The process involved disseminating pre-reading materials, training sessions, and a structured judgement form to evaluate concepts for inclusion. Data from each round were analysed to reach a consensus on the concepts to include.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Fourteen participants were recruited and completed the first-round prioritisation. Fifteen participants undertook the second-round prioritisation. Nine Key Concepts were selected for the programme across five training sessions and two consensus meetings.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The prioritised concepts identified represent the most pertinent aspects of cancer-related information for those impacted by the disease. By incorporating these concepts into educational materials and communication strategies, healthcare providers and organisations can potentially help cancer patients, survivors, and their loved ones to recognise and combat cancer-related misinformation more effectively.</p></div><div><h3>Innovation</h3><p>This study introduces a participatory prioritisation process, which integrates the expertise of healthcare professionals with the insights of patients and carers, thereby enhancing the programme's relevance and applicability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":74407,"journal":{"name":"PEC innovation","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100311"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772628224000591/pdfft?md5=c9cd21084db53ce5ca779486e74ffefd&pid=1-s2.0-S2772628224000591-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141444401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between physicians' SDM behaviour and participation of older patients and family members in triadic decision-making: An observational study","authors":"Bea L. Dijkman ,&nbsp;Marie Louise Luttik ,&nbsp;Wolter Paans ,&nbsp;Ellen M. Driever ,&nbsp;Hanneke van der Wal-Huisman ,&nbsp;Paul L.P. Brand ,&nbsp;Barbara.L. van Leeuwen","doi":"10.1016/j.pecinn.2024.100306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pecinn.2024.100306","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Medical consultations with older patients often include triadic conversations and decision-making processes involving physicians, patients, and family members. The presence of family members may change the communication dynamics and therefore increase the complexity of the consultation and decision-making process.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This study explored associations between physicians' shared decision-making (SDM) behaviour and patients' and family members' participation in the decision-making process.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Using an observational design, we analysed 95 recorded consultations between medical specialists, patients aged ≥65 years, and accompanying family members at a Dutch hospital. The OPTION^MCC was used to assess the physicians' SDM behaviour and patients' and family members' levels of involvement in SDM.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>We found a strong positive correlation between physicians' behaviour and patients' and family members' participation in SDM (0.68 and 0.64, respectively, <em>p</em> &lt; .01). Family members were more involved in SDM for patients aged 80 and older.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>While not asserting causation, our study suggests physicians potentially play a facilitating role in shaping the SDM process together with proactive contributions from patients and family members.</p></div><div><h3>Innovation</h3><p>The results offer new insights into triadic SDM and provide suggestions for refining the OPTION^MCC. Further research is recommended into participants' mutual directional influences in triadic SDM.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":74407,"journal":{"name":"PEC innovation","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100306"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772628224000542/pdfft?md5=2cea59bc59861470b3686e93a1ccec42&pid=1-s2.0-S2772628224000542-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141444512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}