Oxygen (Basel, Switzerland)最新文献_第6页

Reactive Oxygen Species Signaling Pathways: Arbiters of Evolutionary Conflict? 活性氧信号通路:进化冲突的仲裁者?

Oxygen (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2022-07-17 DOI: 10.3390/oxygen2030019

N. Blackstone

{"title":"Reactive Oxygen Species Signaling Pathways: Arbiters of Evolutionary Conflict?","authors":"N. Blackstone","doi":"10.3390/oxygen2030019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/oxygen2030019","url":null,"abstract":"In the history of life, cooperation between biological units has led to increased complexity, e.g., eukaryotic cells and multicellular organisms. Cooperation requires limiting the gains of “defectors” in favor of the cooperative higher-level unit. Early in an evolutionary transition, bioenergetics and reactive oxygen species (ROS) may play a large role in managing these evolutionary conflicts. Chemiosmosis can be thought of as a poorly insulated wire—when supply exceeds demand, electrons are cast off and can form ROS. ROS signaling may thus lead to the dispersal of the excess products into the environment. These products may lead to groups and the formation of higher-level units that can subsequently be targeted by selection. Examining modern symbioses such as those between corals and photosynthetic dinoflagellates provides useful insight in this context. While ROS are an important factor in coral bleaching, little is known of the function of ROS under other circumstances, although some data suggest that ROS may modulate cooperation. ROS may have functioned similarly in the origin of eukaryotes, involving chemiosmotic mitochondria and chloroplasts. ROS may act as “arbiters” of evolutionary conflict, leading to cooperation via signaling pathways that favor the emergence of the higher-level unit.","PeriodicalId":74387,"journal":{"name":"Oxygen (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44524898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Roles of Reactive Oxygen Species in Vascular Complications of Diabetes: Therapeutic Properties of Medicinal Plants and Food 活性氧在糖尿病血管并发症中的作用:药用植物和食物的治疗特性

Oxygen (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2022-07-02 DOI: 10.3390/oxygen2030018

Yi Tan, Meng Sam Cheong, W. Cheang

{"title":"Roles of Reactive Oxygen Species in Vascular Complications of Diabetes: Therapeutic Properties of Medicinal Plants and Food","authors":"Yi Tan, Meng Sam Cheong, W. Cheang","doi":"10.3390/oxygen2030018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/oxygen2030018","url":null,"abstract":"The rising prevalence of chronic metabolic disorders, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes, most notably associated with cardiovascular diseases, has emerged as a major global health concern. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play physiological functions by maintaining normal cellular redox signaling. By contrast, a disturbed balance occurring between ROS production and detoxification of reactive intermediates results in excessive oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is a critical mediator of endothelial dysfunction in obesity and diabetes. Under a hyperglycemic condition, the antioxidant enzymes are downregulated, resulting in an increased generation of ROS. Increases in ROS lead to impairment of endothelium-dependent vasodilatations by reducing NO bioavailability. Chronic treatments with antioxidants were reported to prevent the development of endothelial dysfunction in diabetic patients and animals; however, the beneficial effects of antioxidant treatment in combating vascular complications in diabetes remain controversial as antioxidants do not always reverse endothelial dysfunction in clinical settings. In this review, we summarize the latest progress in research focused on the role of ROS in vascular complications of diabetes and the antioxidant properties of bioactive compounds from medicinal plants and food in animal experiments and clinical studies to provide insights for the development of therapeutic strategies.","PeriodicalId":74387,"journal":{"name":"Oxygen (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43737674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

Lost in Translation: Exploring microRNA Biogenesis and Messenger RNA Fate in Anoxia-Tolerant Turtles 迷失在翻译中：探索耐缺氧海龟的微小RNA生物发生和信使RNA命运

Oxygen (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2022-06-17 DOI: 10.3390/oxygen2020017

Sarah A. Breedon, K. Storey

{"title":"Lost in Translation: Exploring microRNA Biogenesis and Messenger RNA Fate in Anoxia-Tolerant Turtles","authors":"Sarah A. Breedon, K. Storey","doi":"10.3390/oxygen2020017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/oxygen2020017","url":null,"abstract":"Red-eared slider turtles face natural changes in oxygen availability throughout the year. This includes long-term anoxic brumation where they reduce their metabolic rate by ~90% for months at a time, which they survive without apparent tissue damage. This metabolic rate depression (MRD) is underlaid by various regulatory mechanisms, including messenger RNA (mRNA) silencing via microRNA (miRNA), leading to mRNA decay or translational inhibition in processing bodies (P-bodies) and stress granules. Regulation of miRNA biogenesis was assessed in red-eared slider turtle liver and skeletal muscle via immunoblotting. Hepatic miRNA biogenesis was downregulated in early processing steps, while later steps were upregulated. These contradictory findings indicate either overall decreased miRNA biogenesis, or increased biogenesis if sufficient pre-miRNA stores were produced in early anoxia. Conversely, muscle showed clear upregulation of multiple biogenesis steps indicating increased miRNA production. Additionally, immunoblotting indicated that P-bodies may be favoured by the liver for mRNA storage/decay during reoxygenation with a strong suppression of stress granule proteins in anoxia and reoxygenation. Muscle however showed downregulation of P-bodies during anoxia and reoxygenation, and upregulation of stress granules for mRNA storage during reoxygenation. This study advances our understanding of how these champion anaerobes regulate miRNA biogenesis to alter miRNA expression and mRNA fate during prolonged anoxia.","PeriodicalId":74387,"journal":{"name":"Oxygen (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49235560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Conquering Space with Crops That Produce Ample Oxygen and Antioxidants 用富含氧气和抗氧化剂的作物征服太空

Oxygen (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2022-06-06 DOI: 10.3390/oxygen2020016

S. K. Polutchko, W. W. Adams, Christine M. Escobar, B. Demmig-Adams

{"title":"Conquering Space with Crops That Produce Ample Oxygen and Antioxidants","authors":"S. K. Polutchko, W. W. Adams, Christine M. Escobar, B. Demmig-Adams","doi":"10.3390/oxygen2020016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/oxygen2020016","url":null,"abstract":"Sustainable long-term space missions require regenerative life support from plants. Traditional crop plants lack some features desirable for use in space environments. The aquatic plant family Lemnaceae (duckweeds) has enormous potential as a space crop, featuring (i) fast growth, with very high rates of O2 production and CO2 sequestration, (ii) an exceptional nutritional quality (with respect to radiation-fighting antioxidants and high-quality protein), (iii) easy propagation and high productivity in small spaces, and (iv) resilience to the stresses (radiation, microgravity, and elevated CO2) of the human-inhabited space environment. These traits of Lemnaceae are placed into the context of their unique adaptations to the aquatic environment. Furthermore, an overview is provided of the challenges of galactic cosmic radiation to plant and human physiology and the mechanisms involved in oxidative injury and the prevention/mitigation of such effects by antioxidant micronutrients. A focus is placed on the carotenoid zeaxanthin accumulated by Lemnaceae in unusually high amounts and its role in counteracting system-wide inflammation, cognitive dysfunction, and other oxidative injuries in humans.","PeriodicalId":74387,"journal":{"name":"Oxygen (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43398441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Oxidative Stress and Its Role in Cd-Induced Epigenetic Modifications: Use of Antioxidants as a Possible Preventive Strategy 氧化应激及其在镉诱导的表观遗传学修饰中的作用：使用抗氧化剂作为一种可能的预防策略

Oxygen (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2022-05-29 DOI: 10.3390/oxygen2020015

E. Hernández-Cruz, Yalith Lyzet Arancibia-Hernández, Deyanira Yael Loyola-Mondragón, J. Pedraza-Chaverri

{"title":"Oxidative Stress and Its Role in Cd-Induced Epigenetic Modifications: Use of Antioxidants as a Possible Preventive Strategy","authors":"E. Hernández-Cruz, Yalith Lyzet Arancibia-Hernández, Deyanira Yael Loyola-Mondragón, J. Pedraza-Chaverri","doi":"10.3390/oxygen2020015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/oxygen2020015","url":null,"abstract":"Oxidative stress (OS) represents one of the main mechanisms of toxicity induced by environmental pollutants such as cadmium (Cd). OS is a natural physiological process where the presence of oxidants, such as reactive oxygen-derived species (ROS), outweighs the strategy of antioxidant defenses, culminating in the interruption of signaling and redox control. It has been suggested that Cd increases ROS mainly by inducing damage to the electron transport chain and by increasing the activity of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide hydrogen phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (NOX) and the concentration of free iron (Fe), as well as causing a decrease in antioxidant defense. On the other hand, OS has been related to changes in the biology of the epigenome, causing adverse health effects. Recent studies show that Cd generates alterations in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methylation, histone modifications, and noncoding RNA (ncRNA) expression. However, the role of OS in Cd-induced epigenetic modifications is still poorly explored. Therefore, this review provides an update on the basic concepts of OS and its relationship with Cd-induced epigenetic changes. Furthermore, the use of antioxidant compounds is proposed to mitigate Cd-induced epigenetic alterations.","PeriodicalId":74387,"journal":{"name":"Oxygen (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41730037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Biological Relevance of Free Radicals in the Process of Physiological Capacitation and Cryocapacitation 自由基在生理能化和低温能化过程中的生物学意义

Oxygen (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2022-05-27 DOI: 10.3390/oxygen2020014

F. Benko, M. Ďuračka, Štefan Baňas, N. Lukáč, E. Tvrdá

{"title":"Biological Relevance of Free Radicals in the Process of Physiological Capacitation and Cryocapacitation","authors":"F. Benko, M. Ďuračka, Štefan Baňas, N. Lukáč, E. Tvrdá","doi":"10.3390/oxygen2020014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/oxygen2020014","url":null,"abstract":"Before fertilization, spermatozoa must undergo a process called capacitation in order to fulfill their fertilization potential. This includes a series of structural, biochemical, and functional changes before a subsequent acrosome reaction and fusion with the oocyte. However, low temperatures during cryopreservation may induce a premature activation of capacitation-like changes, also known as cryocapacitation, immediately after thawing, which may lead to a decreased viability, motility, and fertilization ability of cryopreserved spermatozoa. Furthermore, cryopreservation is responsible for the overgeneration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radicals, which may result in the development of oxidative stress, cell membrane damage, and lipid peroxidation. Despite that, both capacitation and cryocapacitation are considered to be oxidative events; however, potential beneficial or detrimental effects of ROS depend on a wide array of circumstances. This review summarizes the available information on the role of free radicals in the process of capacitation and cryocapacitation of spermatozoa.","PeriodicalId":74387,"journal":{"name":"Oxygen (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42983206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Solid and Liquid Oxygen under Ultrahigh Magnetic Fields 超高磁场下的固态和液态氧

Oxygen (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2022-05-25 DOI: 10.3390/oxygen2020013

T. Nomura, Y. Matsuda, Tatsuo C. Kobayashi

引用次数: 0

Biological and Pharmacological Properties of Carbon Monoxide: A General Overview 一氧化碳的生物学和药理学性质:综述

Oxygen (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2022-05-24 DOI: 10.3390/oxygen2020012

Anna Bilska-Wilkosz, M. Górny, M. Iciek

{"title":"Biological and Pharmacological Properties of Carbon Monoxide: A General Overview","authors":"Anna Bilska-Wilkosz, M. Górny, M. Iciek","doi":"10.3390/oxygen2020012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/oxygen2020012","url":null,"abstract":"Carbon monoxide (CO) is one of the most common causes of inhalation poisoning worldwide. However, it is also well known that CO is produced endogenously in the heme degradation reaction catalyzed by heme oxygenase (HO) enzymes. HO catalyzes the degradation of heme to equimolar quantities of CO, iron ions (Fe2+), and biliverdin. Three oxygen molecules (O2) and the electrons provided by NADPH-dependent cytochrome P450 reductase are used in the reaction. HO enzymes comprise three distinct isozymes: the inducible form, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1); the constitutively expressed isozyme, heme oxygenase-2 (HO-2); and heme oxygenase-3 (HO-3), which is ubiquitously expressed but possesses low catalytic activity. According to some authors, HO-3 is rather a pseudogene originating from the HO-2 transcript, and it has only been identified in rats. Therefore, cellular HO activity is provided by two major isoforms—the inducible HO-1 and the constitutively expressed HO-2. For many years, endogenously generated CO was treated as a by-product of metabolism without any serious physiological or biochemical significance, while exogenous CO was considered only as an extremely toxic gas with lethal effects. Research in recent years has proven that endogenous and exogenous CO (which may be surprising, given public perceptions) acts not only as an agent that affects many intracellular pathways, but also as a therapeutic molecule. Hence, the modulation of the HO/CO system may be one option for a potential therapeutic strategy. Another option is the administration of CO by exogenous inhalation. As alternatives to gas administration, compounds known as CO-releasing molecules (CORMs) can be administered, since they can safely release CO in the body. The aim of this article is to provide a brief overview of the physiological and biochemical properties of CO and its therapeutic potential.","PeriodicalId":74387,"journal":{"name":"Oxygen (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42743923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Validation and Bias Correction of Monthly δ18O Precipitation Time Series from ECHAM5-Wiso Model in Central Europe 中欧ECHAM5-Wiso模式月δ18O降水时间序列的验证和偏误校正

Oxygen (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2022-05-03 DOI: 10.3390/oxygen2020010

V. Salamalikis, A. Argiriou

{"title":"Validation and Bias Correction of Monthly δ18O Precipitation Time Series from ECHAM5-Wiso Model in Central Europe","authors":"V. Salamalikis, A. Argiriou","doi":"10.3390/oxygen2020010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/oxygen2020010","url":null,"abstract":"Simulated stable oxygen isotopic composition (δ18O) of precipitation from isotope-enabled GCMs (iGCMs) have gained significant visibility nowadays. This study evaluates bias correction techniques to reduce the systematic and dispersion biases of the modelled δ18O by the ECHAM5-wiso model compared to the Global Network of Isotopes in Precipitation (GNIP) observations over Central Europe. mean bias error (MBE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) are substantially reduced by more than 70% and 10%, respectively, depending on the bias correction scheme, with better results for Generalized Additive Model (GAM) and linear scaling approach (SCL) methods. The bias-corrected δ18OECHAM5-wiso values successfully describe the long-term isotopic composition of precipitation and the isotopic amplitude with the best performances for the EQM method. The necessity of applying bias correction algorithms is verified by the excellent agreement between the corrected δ18OECHAM5-wiso with GNIP in high-altitude areas where ECHAM5-wiso fails to reproduce the observed isotopic variability. The results are expected to bring valuable insights into the utilization of iGCMs’ relationships in climate studies for understanding the present and past water cycle under the isotopic perspective.","PeriodicalId":74387,"journal":{"name":"Oxygen (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49330048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Spectrophotometric and Electrochemical Assessment of the Antioxidant Capacity of Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts of Citrus Flavedos 柑桔黄酮水提液和醇提液抗氧化能力的分光光度法和电化学评价

Oxygen (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2022-04-26 DOI: 10.3390/oxygen2020009

M. Moreno, J. M. Rodríguez Mellado

引用次数: 2