American journal of clinical and experimental urology最新文献

{"title":"RB1 and p53 are diagnostic markers for treatment-related neuroendocrine prostate cancer: a clinical and pathological analysis of 23 cases.","authors":"Yutao Zhang, Minjing Shi, Yuhao Zhang, Jili Wang, Han Zhang, Guoping Ren","doi":"10.62347/GRQJ8158","DOIUrl":"10.62347/GRQJ8158","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The synergistic interplay between RB1 deletions and TP53 mutations drives androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) resistance and neuroendocrine transdifferentiation in advanced prostate cancer, culminating in treatment-related neuroendocrine prostate cancer (t-NEPC). This investigation systematically examines the clinicopathological characteristics and immunohistochemical phenotypes of t-NEPC to enhance diagnostic accuracy and prognostic understanding. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 23 t-NEPC cases diagnosed at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine (2013-2024). We collected comprehensive clinical data, including patient demographics, treatment history, and serum biomarker profiles. Immunohistochemical evaluation was performed to determine expression patterns of prostate-associated antigens, neuroendocrine markers, and tumor suppressor proteins RB1/p53. The cohort demonstrated a mean age of 70 years at initial prostate cancer diagnosis, with t-NEPC emerging after a median ADT duration of 18 months. Biochemical profiles revealed a characteristic dissociation between suppressed prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels and elevated neuroendocrine markers alongside other tumor-associated antigens, including carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). The immunohistochemical signature of lineage transdifferentiation, indicated by the loss of androgen receptor (AR) and the expression of neuroendocrine markers, provides critical diagnostic clues for this aggressive variant. Molecular alterations were prevalent, with RB1 loss detected in 78.26% (18/23) and p53 abnormalities in 82.61% (19/23) cases. Notably, a histologically confirmed t-NEPC case with neuroendocrine marker negativity exhibited RB1/p53 co-alterations, molecularly aligning with most neuroendocrine-positive cases. These findings substantiate that combined RB1/p53 aberrations serve as robust diagnostic indicators for t-NEPC, particularly in tumors exhibiting small cell carcinoma morphology without neuroendocrine marker expression.</p>","PeriodicalId":7438,"journal":{"name":"American journal of clinical and experimental urology","volume":"13 2","pages":"118-131"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12089225/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144118535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>SPP1A</i> and <i>VEGFC</i> splice isoforms as predictive diagnostic biomarkers for high and low-grade bladder cancer.","authors":"Akram Mirzaei, Diana Taheri, Behrouz Fattahi, Farshid Alaeddini, Helia Azodian Ghajar, Leonardo Oliveira Reis, Seyed Mohammad Kazem Aghamir","doi":"10.62347/XXIY2093","DOIUrl":"10.62347/XXIY2093","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the expression of <i>Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)</i> and <i>Secreted phosphoprotein-1 (SPP1)</i> isoforms in bladder cancer tissue and their correlation with tumor grade and muscle invasion.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a prospective study, we examined 40 patients who had been diagnosed with bladder cancer. The diagnosis was confirmed through cystoscopy, biopsy, and histopathology. We used the RT-PCR method to measure the levels of human <i>SPP1</i> and <i>VEGF</i> splice isoforms. Statistical analysis of the average of three replicates was performed using SPSS for Windows version 23.0.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study revealed a significant correlation between patients' histological grades and muscle invasiveness. Additionally, the investigation of 5 isoforms in patients showed that <i>SPP1A</i>, <i>SPP1B</i>, and <i>VEGFA</i> isoforms were significantly associated with tumor grade. However, the <i>SPP1C</i> and <i>VEGFC</i> isoforms showed no significant association with tumor grade. A new index was calculated based on the logistic regression model (mean_<i>SPP1A</i> - (mean_<i>VEGFC</i> * 0.7)), and the cut-off and the Area Under the ROC curve (AUC) were 23.1 and 0.951, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The relationship between the grade of bladder cancer and the two isoforms of SPP1A and VEGFC shows that these indicators could help pathologists differentiate between high and low-grade bladder cancer and potentially be used as predictive markers.</p>","PeriodicalId":7438,"journal":{"name":"American journal of clinical and experimental urology","volume":"13 2","pages":"156-168"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12089228/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144118547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding the pro-invasive role of SAA2 in renal cell carcinoma: an exploratory study and experimental validation.","authors":"Yin Chen, Haoqing Shi, Yifan Xu, Zhiyuan Zhuo","doi":"10.62347/TKDL1531","DOIUrl":"10.62347/TKDL1531","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Currently, there is an urgent need for prognostic prediction models for renal clear cell carcinoma (ccRCC). This study aims to establish a prognostic prediction model based on differential genes associated with TNM staging and validate it through both in vitro and in vivo experiments.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Through the cross-analysis of the differential genes between T1-2 and T3-4 stages, N1 and N2 stages, as well as M0 and M1 stages in ccRCC, a nomogram prognostic model was constructed using multivariate COX regression analysis. Finally, the function of human serum amyloid A2 (SAA2) was verified through in vivo and in vitro experiments.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Through cross-analysis of the differential genes between T1-2 and T3-4 stages, N1 and N2 stages, as well as M0 and M1 stages, 67 genes were identified. Through multivariate COX regression analysis, examination of expression differences between cancerous and normal tissues, and assessment of their impact on prognosis, we have derived a nomogram prognostic prediction model composed of ITPKA, PDIA2, SAA2, SHOX2, TREML3P, and ZIC2. Furthermore, through Transwell migration and invasion assays, EdU proliferation assays, and in vivo experiments, we validated that SAA2 promotes the proliferation, migration, and invasion of ccRCC.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The nomogram prognostic prediction model, consisting of ITPKA, PDIA2, SAA2, SHOX2, TREML3P, and ZIC2, is capable of predicting the prognosis of ccRCC patients. Among them, SAA2 promotes the proliferation, migration, and invasion of ccRCC cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":7438,"journal":{"name":"American journal of clinical and experimental urology","volume":"13 2","pages":"132-144"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12089227/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144118322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integration of magnetic resonance imaging and deep learning for prostate cancer detection: a systematic review.","authors":"Deepak Kumar, Priyank Yadav, Kavindra Nath, Adree Khondker, Uday Pratap Singh, Hira Lal, Ashish Gupta","doi":"10.62347/CSIJ8326","DOIUrl":"10.62347/CSIJ8326","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to evaluate the overall impact of incorporating deep learning (DL) with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for improving diagnostic performance in the detection and stratification of prostate cancer (PC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search was conducted in the PubMed database to identify relevant studies. The QUADAS-2 tool was employed to assess the scientific quality, risk of bias, and applicability of primary diagnostic accuracy studies. Additionally, adherence to the Checklist for Artificial Intelligence in Medical Imaging (CLAIM) guidelines was evaluated to determine the extent of heterogeneity among the included studies. The systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 29 articles involving 17,954 participants were included in the study. The median agreement to the 42 CLAIM checklist items across studies was 61.90% (IQR: 57.14-66.67, range: 40.48-80.95). Most studies utilized T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) and/or apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) derived from diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) as input for evaluating the performance of DL-based architectures. Notably, the detection and stratification of PC in the transition zone was the least explored area.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>DL demonstrates significant advancements in the rapid, sensitive, specific, and robust detection and stratification of PC. Promising applications include enhancing the quality of DWI, developing advanced DL models, and designing innovative nomograms or diagnostic tools to improve clinical decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":7438,"journal":{"name":"American journal of clinical and experimental urology","volume":"13 2","pages":"69-91"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12089223/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144118496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual role of autophagy in bone metastasis: mechanistic insights and therapeutic targeting.","authors":"Xinyi Gu, Dejian Xiang, Haozhong Zhu, Xiaoqian He, Chenhui Yang, Rongjin Chen","doi":"10.62347/QCPV6064","DOIUrl":"10.62347/QCPV6064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Autophagy, a cellular degradation mechanism, plays a dual role in the progression and therapy of bone metastases in cancers, including prostate cancer. This review delves into the intricate roles of autophagy in both tumor suppression and progression, with a focus on its impact on bone metastasis and osteosarcoma (OS). Initially, autophagy acts as a tumor suppressor by eliminating damaged organelles and proteins, thus preventing tumor initiation. However, as cancer progresses, autophagy supports cancer cell survival under stress conditions, such as nutrient deprivation and hypoxia, and contributes to drug resistance. Specifically, in bone metastasis from breast and prostate cancers, autophagy facilitates tumor cell migration, invasion, and survival. The review also highlights the therapeutic potential of targeting autophagy in cancer treatment, especially in overcoming drug resistance in osteosarcoma, where autophagy modulation could reduce chemoresistance. By understanding the dual roles of autophagy in cancer and bone metastasis, new therapeutic strategies can be developed to target this process, offering hope for improved treatment outcomes in cancers prone to bone metastasis, including prostate cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":7438,"journal":{"name":"American journal of clinical and experimental urology","volume":"13 2","pages":"92-117"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12089224/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144118399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ectonucleotidases and purinergic receptors in mouse prostate gland.","authors":"Jovian Yu, Christina Sharkey, Aria F Olumi, Zongwei Wang","doi":"10.62347/NGQZ2940","DOIUrl":"10.62347/NGQZ2940","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Extracellular ATP/ADP and its metabolite adenosine play crucial roles in cellular signaling by interacting with P2 and P1/adenosine receptors. These signaling molecules are regulated by ectonucleotidases, which convert ATP/ADP into adenosine. While recent studies suggest impaired ATP hydrolysis in the aging prostate, the expression and function of ectonucleotidases and purinergic receptors in the prostate gland remain unclear. This study aims to characterize the expression patterns of purinergic enzymes and receptors in the mouse prostate and investigate their functional implications.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Mouse prostate glands were isolated and analyzed using immunofluorescent staining and microscopy imaging with specific antibodies to detect purinergic enzymes and receptors. Functional studies were conducted to assess prostate smooth muscle contraction in response to purinergic agonists, particularly α,β-meATP and ATPγS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our analysis revealed distinct expression patterns of purinergic enzymes and receptors in the prostate: Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1 (ENTPD1) and P2X1 receptors were predominantly localized in prostate smooth muscle cells, ENTPD2 and ecto-5'-nucleotidase (NT5E) in prostate interstitial cells, and alkaline phosphatase (ALPL) in prostate epithelial cells. Notably, ENTPD1 was identified as a key ectonucleotidase expressed in mouse prostate smooth muscle cells. Functionally, P2X1-mediated smooth muscle contraction was triggered by α,β-meATP. However, ATPγS induced contraction even after P2X1 desensitization, suggesting the involvement of additional P2Y receptors. Further analysis confirmed the presence of P2Y1, P2Y2, and P2Y11 receptors in mouse prostate smooth muscle, likely mediating the ATPγS-induced contraction.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides a comprehensive characterization of purinergic signaling components in the mouse prostate. The identification of ENTPD1 in smooth muscle cells and the functional role of multiple P2Y receptors in smooth muscle contraction highlight potential regulatory mechanisms of prostate function. These findings lay the groundwork for future research on purinergic signaling in prostate physiology and its potential implications in age-related dysfunction, both in rodents and humans.</p>","PeriodicalId":7438,"journal":{"name":"American journal of clinical and experimental urology","volume":"13 2","pages":"145-155"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12089222/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144118444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic impact of extraprostatic extension on prostate cancer with seminal vesicle invasion.","authors":"Yoshinori Yanai, Takeo Kosaka, Shuji Mikami, Toshikazu Takeda, Kazuhiro Matsumoto, Takeshi Masuda, Mototsugu Oya","doi":"10.62347/EDGZ4295","DOIUrl":"10.62347/EDGZ4295","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Extraprostatic extension (EPE) and seminal vesicle invasion (SVI) are unfavorable factors for biochemical recurrence (BCR) following radical prostatectomy; however, some patients with SVI survive for a long duration without experiencing BCR after prostatectomy in absence of adjuvant therapy. This study aimed to clarify the heterogeneity of locally advanced prostate cancers to better understand prognosis in patients with SVI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 120 patients with SVI who underwent radical prostatectomy at two institutions. Multivariate logistic regression was used to evaluate the preoperative clinical and postoperative pathological variables as predictors of BCR. We also used Kaplan-Meier and competing risk regression analysis to assess the cumulative incidence and risk of BCR. After excluding patients who received neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapy, 55 patients with SVI were enrolled in this study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>BCR occurred in 31 of these patients (56.3%). We found that Grade group and positive EPE were predictors of BCR in patients with SVI (<i>P</i> < 0.001 and <i>P</i> = 0.002, respectively). Using the multivariate model, EPE was significantly associated with BCR in patients with SVI (hazard ratio: 5.402; 95% confidence interval, 1.247-23.405; <i>P</i> = 0.012). Patients who were negative for EPE had significantly lower BCR rates (<i>P</i> = 0.002).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Among the patients with SVI tumors, prognosis might be different depending on presence or absence of EPE.</p>","PeriodicalId":7438,"journal":{"name":"American journal of clinical and experimental urology","volume":"13 2","pages":"186-193"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12089220/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144118534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DeepSeek vs ChatGPT: a comparison study of their performance in answering prostate cancer radiotherapy questions in multiple languages.","authors":"Peng-Wei Luo, Ji-Wen Liu, Xi Xie, Jia-Wei Jiang, Xin-Yu Huo, Zhen-Lin Chen, Zhang-Cheng Huang, Shao-Qin Jiang, Meng-Qiang Li","doi":"10.62347/UIAP7979","DOIUrl":"10.62347/UIAP7979","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The medical information generated by large language models (LLM) is crucial for improving patient education and clinical decision-making. This study aims to evaluate the performance of two LLMs (DeepSeek and ChatGPT) in answering questions related to prostate cancer radiotherapy in both Chinese and English environments. Through a comparative analysis, we aim to determine which model can provide higher-quality answers in different language environments.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A structured evaluation framework was developed using a set of clinically relevant questions covering three key domains: foundational knowledge, patient education, and treatment and follow-up care. Responses from DeepSeek and ChatGPT were generated in both English and Chinese and independently assessed by a panel of five oncology specialists using a five-point Likert scale. Statistical analyses, including the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, were performed to compare the models' performance across different linguistic contexts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study ultimately included 33 questions for scoring. In Chinese, DeepSeek outperformed ChatGPT, achieving top ratings (score = 5) in 75.76% vs. 36.36% of responses (P < 0.001), excelling in foundational knowledge (76.92% vs. 38.46%, <i>P</i> = 0.047) and treatment/follow-up (81.82% vs. 36.36%, <i>P</i> = 0.031). In English, ChatGPT showed comparable performance (66.7% vs. 54.55% top-rated responses, <i>P</i> = 0.236), with marginal advantages in treatment/follow-up (63.64% vs. 54.55%, <i>P</i> = 0.563). DeepSeek maintained strengths in English foundational knowledge (69.23% vs. 30.77%, <i>P</i> = 0.047) and patient education (88.89% vs. 55.56%, <i>P</i> = 0.125). These findings underscore DeepSeek's superior Chinese proficiency and language-specific optimization impacts.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study shows that DeepSeek performs excellently in providing Chinese medical information, while the two models perform similarly in an English environment. These findings underscore the importance of selecting language-specific artificial intelligence (AI) models to enhance the accuracy and reliability of medical AI applications. While both models show promise in supporting patient education and clinical decision-making, human expert review remains necessary to ensure response accuracy and minimize potential misinformation.</p>","PeriodicalId":7438,"journal":{"name":"American journal of clinical and experimental urology","volume":"13 2","pages":"176-185"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12089221/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144118394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Next-generation sequencing identifies the presence of protein phosphatase 1D, PPM1D, as a potential biomarker of resistance to PARP inhibition in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.","authors":"Jordan E Vellky, Brenna J Kirkpatrick, Lisa C Gutgesell, Steven Kregel, Karine Tawagi, Lisa Nuccio, Donald J Vander Griend, Larisa Nonn, Natalie Reizine","doi":"10.62347/PUKG7105","DOIUrl":"10.62347/PUKG7105","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The landscape for the treatment of advanced and metastatic prostate cancer is rapidly changing. For patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), next-generation sequencing (NGS) may identify those with Homologous Recombination Deficiency (HRD) who may benefit from Poly ADP [adenosine diphosphate]-ribose polymerase inhibitors (PARP) inhibition therapy. Ongoing questions remain, however, regarding how patients and clinicians can best select therapies to optimize patient outcomes. In this case report, we highlight a patient with rapidly progressive mCRPC with germline BRCA2 for whom olaparib was added with abiraterone and prednisone resulting in a significant but brief response. Using next-generation sequencing of a liquid biopsy, we identified Protein Phosphatase 1D (PPM1D) as a potential resistance mechanism to PARP inhibition. While this alteration has been previously reported in other tumor types, the role of PPM1D and its contribution to PARP inhibitor resistance in mCRPC has not been described; the aim of this report was to highlight the potential role it may play in prostate cancer. With the increasing availability of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) to assist clinicians with monitoring patients' responses on therapy, the results from this case study underscore the necessity of exploring optimal timing of liquid and/or repeat tumor biopsies to help longitudinally personalize targeted therapy to improve patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":7438,"journal":{"name":"American journal of clinical and experimental urology","volume":"13 2","pages":"169-175"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12089226/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144118502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urinary exosomes as promising biomarkers for early kidney disease detection.","authors":"An-Ping Liu, Tian-Jing Sun, Tong-Ying Liu, Hai-Zhen Duan, Xu-Heng Jiang, Mo Li, Yuan-Ze Luo, Michael P Feloney, Mark Cline, Yuan-Yuan Zhang, An-Yong Yu","doi":"10.62347/DAKE5842","DOIUrl":"10.62347/DAKE5842","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Kidney injury and disease pose a significant global health burden. Despite existing diagnostic methods, early detection remains challenging due to the lack of specific molecular markers to identify and stage various kidney lesions. Urinary exosomes, extracellular vesicles secreted by kidney cells, offer a promising solution. These vesicles contain a variety of biomolecules, such as proteins, RNA, and DNA. These biomolecules can reflect the unique physiological and pathological states of the kidney. This review explores the potential of urinary exosomes as biomarkers for a range of kidney diseases, including renal failure, diabetic nephropathy, and renal tumors. By analyzing specific protein alterations within these exosomes, we aim to develop more precise and tailored diagnostic tools to detect kidney diseases at an early stage and improve patient outcomes. While challenges persist in isolating, characterizing, and extracting reliable information from urinary exosomes, overcoming these hurdles is crucial for advancing their clinical application. The successful implementation of urinary exosome-based diagnostics could revolutionize early kidney disease detection, enabling more targeted treatment and improved patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":7438,"journal":{"name":"American journal of clinical and experimental urology","volume":"13 1","pages":"1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11928825/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143690354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}