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Nuclear pore dysfunction and disease: a complex opportunity. 核孔功能障碍与疾病：一个复杂的机遇。
Nucleus (Austin, Tex.) Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-21 DOI: 10.1080/19491034.2024.2314297
Charlotte M Fare, Jeffrey D Rothstein
{"title":"Nuclear pore dysfunction and disease: a complex opportunity.","authors":"Charlotte M Fare, Jeffrey D Rothstein","doi":"10.1080/19491034.2024.2314297","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19491034.2024.2314297","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The separation of genetic material from bulk cytoplasm has enabled the evolution of increasingly complex organisms, allowing for the development of sophisticated forms of life. However, this complexity has created new categories of dysfunction, including those related to the movement of material between cellular compartments. In eukaryotic cells, nucleocytoplasmic trafficking is a fundamental biological process, and cumulative disruptions to nuclear integrity and nucleocytoplasmic transport are detrimental to cell survival. This is particularly true in post-mitotic neurons, where nuclear pore injury and errors to nucleocytoplasmic trafficking are strongly associated with neurodegenerative disease. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of nuclear pore biology in physiological and pathological contexts and discuss potential therapeutic approaches for addressing nuclear pore injury and dysfunctional nucleocytoplasmic transport.</p>","PeriodicalId":74323,"journal":{"name":"Nucleus (Austin, Tex.)","volume":"15 1","pages":"2314297"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10883112/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139934587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
In remembrance: Joseph Gall. 纪念约瑟夫-加尔
Nucleus (Austin, Tex.) Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-10 DOI: 10.1080/19491034.2024.2426552
Thoru Pederson
{"title":"In remembrance: Joseph Gall.","authors":"Thoru Pederson","doi":"10.1080/19491034.2024.2426552","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19491034.2024.2426552","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 14-year boy is given a microscope by his parents. It is not a toy - but a real microscope. He deploys it to rediscover the biology he had known before, but now in a magnified world. With extraordinary intellectual gifts he then, and manifestly later becomes absorbed by the idea that all this, however mysterious at first glance, might be subject to rational understanding, with painstaking study. Thus, was the genesis of one of the greatest cell biologists of the 20<sup>th</sup> century, Joseph Grafton Gall, who died 12 September 2024, at 96. He had been professionally active up until only a few years ago. There was no one like him in the modern era of cell biology and there will not be another figure like him anytime soon.</p>","PeriodicalId":74323,"journal":{"name":"Nucleus (Austin, Tex.)","volume":"15 1","pages":"2426552"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11556269/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142677985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sculpting nuclear envelope identity from the endoplasmic reticulum during the cell cycle. 在细胞周期中从内质网雕刻核膜特征。
Nucleus (Austin, Tex.) Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-18 DOI: 10.1080/19491034.2023.2299632
Pallavi Deolal, Julia Scholz, Kaike Ren, Helena Bragulat-Teixidor, Shotaro Otsuka
{"title":"Sculpting nuclear envelope identity from the endoplasmic reticulum during the cell cycle.","authors":"Pallavi Deolal, Julia Scholz, Kaike Ren, Helena Bragulat-Teixidor, Shotaro Otsuka","doi":"10.1080/19491034.2023.2299632","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19491034.2023.2299632","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The nuclear envelope (NE) regulates nuclear functions, including transcription, nucleocytoplasmic transport, and protein quality control. While the outer membrane of the NE is directly continuous with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), the NE has an overall distinct protein composition from the ER, which is crucial for its functions. During open mitosis in higher eukaryotes, the NE disassembles during mitotic entry and then reforms as a functional territory at the end of mitosis to reestablish nucleocytoplasmic compartmentalization. In this review, we examine the known mechanisms by which the functional NE reconstitutes from the mitotic ER in the continuous ER-NE endomembrane system during open mitosis. Furthermore, based on recent findings indicating that the NE possesses unique lipid metabolism and quality control mechanisms distinct from those of the ER, we explore the maintenance of NE identity and homeostasis during interphase. We also highlight the potential significance of membrane junctions between the ER and NE.</p>","PeriodicalId":74323,"journal":{"name":"Nucleus (Austin, Tex.)","volume":"15 1","pages":"2299632"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10802211/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139492923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
LncRNAs, nuclear architecture and the immune response. LncRNA、核结构和免疫反应。
Nucleus (Austin, Tex.) Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-13 DOI: 10.1080/19491034.2024.2350182
Christy Montano, Cristina Flores-Arenas, Susan Carpenter
{"title":"LncRNAs, nuclear architecture and the immune response.","authors":"Christy Montano, Cristina Flores-Arenas, Susan Carpenter","doi":"10.1080/19491034.2024.2350182","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19491034.2024.2350182","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Long noncoding RNAs (LncRNAs) are key regulators of gene expression and can mediate their effects in both the nucleus and cytoplasm. Some of the best-characterized lncRNAs are localized within the nucleus, where they modulate the nuclear architecture and influence gene expression. In this review, we discuss the role of lncRNAs in nuclear architecture in the context of their gene regulatory functions in innate immunity. Here, we discuss various approaches to functionally characterize nuclear-localized lncRNAs and the challenges faced in the field.</p>","PeriodicalId":74323,"journal":{"name":"Nucleus (Austin, Tex.)","volume":"15 1","pages":"2350182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11093052/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140913308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
VPS4B orchestrates response to nuclear envelope stress by regulating ESCRT-III dynamics in glioblastoma. VPS4B通过调节胶质母细胞瘤中ESCRT-III的动态来协调对核包膜压力的反应。
Nucleus (Austin, Tex.) Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1080/19491034.2024.2423660
Zuqian Wu, Issei Omura, Atsushi Saito, Kazunori Imaizumi, Yasunao Kamikawa
{"title":"VPS4B orchestrates response to nuclear envelope stress by regulating ESCRT-III dynamics in glioblastoma.","authors":"Zuqian Wu, Issei Omura, Atsushi Saito, Kazunori Imaizumi, Yasunao Kamikawa","doi":"10.1080/19491034.2024.2423660","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19491034.2024.2423660","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Nuclear envelope (NE) is frequently challenged by mechanical stimuli involving cells passing through a tight space and such stress is known as \"NE stress.\" Various factors that cooperate to repair the NE have been identified, including endosomal sorting complex required for transport-III (ESCRT-III). Recently, vacuolar protein sorting 4 homolog B (VPS4B) has been reported to modulate the recycling of ESCRT-III during NE repair, but the regulatory mechanism remains unclear. Our previous study revealed that U251MG cells, derived from the glioblastoma (GBM), exhibited nuclear deformation followed by DNA damage upon mechanical NE stress while these phenotypes were not observed in U87MG, another GBM-derived cell line. Here, we found that VPS4B expression was lower in U251MG than in U87MG. Our functional analysis demonstrated that insufficient VPS4B triggers an inadequate response to NE stress and that VPS4B regulates the dynamics of ESCRT-III, uncovering the mechanism underlying the NE stress response in GBM.</p>","PeriodicalId":74323,"journal":{"name":"Nucleus (Austin, Tex.)","volume":"15 1","pages":"2423660"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11572143/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142634098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Correction. 更正。
Nucleus (Austin, Tex.) Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-05 DOI: 10.1080/19491034.2024.2408911
{"title":"Correction.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/19491034.2024.2408911","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19491034.2024.2408911","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74323,"journal":{"name":"Nucleus (Austin, Tex.)","volume":"15 1","pages":"2408911"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11457629/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142378669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Involvement of paraspeckle components in viral infections. 病毒感染中的副颈成分的参与。
Nucleus (Austin, Tex.) Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-08 DOI: 10.1080/19491034.2024.2350178
Romane Milcamps, Thomas Michiels
{"title":"Involvement of paraspeckle components in viral infections.","authors":"Romane Milcamps, Thomas Michiels","doi":"10.1080/19491034.2024.2350178","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19491034.2024.2350178","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Paraspeckles are non-membranous subnuclear bodies, formed through the interaction between the architectural long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1) and specific RNA-binding proteins, including the three <i>Drosophila Behavior/Human Splicing</i> (DBHS) family members (PSPC1 (Paraspeckle Component 1), SFPQ (Splicing Factor Proline and Glutamine Rich) and NONO (Non-POU domain-containing octamer-binding protein)). Paraspeckle components were found to impact viral infections through various mechanisms, such as induction of antiviral gene expression, IRES-mediated translation, or viral mRNA polyadenylation. A complex involving NEAT1 RNA and paraspeckle proteins was also found to modulate interferon gene transcription after nuclear DNA sensing, through the activation of the cGAS-STING axis. This review aims to provide an overview on how these elements actively contribute to the dynamics of viral infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":74323,"journal":{"name":"Nucleus (Austin, Tex.)","volume":"15 1","pages":"2350178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11086011/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140878135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Heterochromatin in plant meiosis. 植物减数分裂中的异染色质
Nucleus (Austin, Tex.) Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-15 DOI: 10.1080/19491034.2024.2328719
Cong Wang, Zhiyu Chen, Gregory P Copenhaver, Yingxiang Wang
{"title":"Heterochromatin in plant meiosis.","authors":"Cong Wang, Zhiyu Chen, Gregory P Copenhaver, Yingxiang Wang","doi":"10.1080/19491034.2024.2328719","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19491034.2024.2328719","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heterochromatin is an organizational property of eukaryotic chromosomes, characterized by extensive DNA and histone modifications, that is associated with the silencing of transposable elements and repetitive sequences. Maintaining heterochromatin is crucial for ensuring genomic integrity and stability during the cell cycle. During meiosis, heterochromatin is important for homologous chromosome synapsis, recombination, and segregation, but our understanding of meiotic heterochromatin formation and condensation is limited. In this review, we focus on the dynamics and features of heterochromatin and how it condenses during meiosis in plants. We also discuss how meiotic heterochromatin influences the interaction and recombination of homologous chromosomes during prophase I.</p>","PeriodicalId":74323,"journal":{"name":"Nucleus (Austin, Tex.)","volume":"15 1","pages":"2328719"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10950279/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140133435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Nuclear and degradative functions of the ESCRT-III pathway: implications for neurodegenerative disease. ESCRT-III通路的核功能和降解功能：对神经退行性疾病的影响。
Nucleus (Austin, Tex.) Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-03 DOI: 10.1080/19491034.2024.2349085
Olivia Keeley, Alyssa N Coyne
{"title":"Nuclear and degradative functions of the ESCRT-III pathway: implications for neurodegenerative disease.","authors":"Olivia Keeley, Alyssa N Coyne","doi":"10.1080/19491034.2024.2349085","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19491034.2024.2349085","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The ESCRT machinery plays a pivotal role in membrane-remodeling events across multiple cellular processes including nuclear envelope repair and reformation, nuclear pore complex surveillance, endolysosomal trafficking, and neuronal pruning. Alterations in ESCRT-III functionality have been associated with neurodegenerative diseases including Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD), Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), and Alzheimer's Disease (AD). In addition, mutations in specific ESCRT-III proteins have been identified in FTD/ALS. Thus, understanding how disruptions in the fundamental functions of this pathway and its individual protein components in the human central nervous system (CNS) may offer valuable insights into mechanisms underlying neurodegenerative disease pathogenesis and identification of potential therapeutic targets. In this review, we discuss ESCRT components, dynamics, and functions, with a focus on the ESCRT-III pathway. In addition, we explore the implications of altered ESCRT-III function for neurodegeneration with a primary emphasis on nuclear surveillance and endolysosomal trafficking within the CNS.</p>","PeriodicalId":74323,"journal":{"name":"Nucleus (Austin, Tex.)","volume":"15 1","pages":"2349085"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11073439/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140871746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mechanobiology of the nucleus during the G2-M transition. 细胞核在 G2-M 过渡期间的机械生物学。
Nucleus (Austin, Tex.) Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-27 DOI: 10.1080/19491034.2024.2330947
Joana T Lima, Jorge G Ferreira
{"title":"Mechanobiology of the nucleus during the G2-M transition.","authors":"Joana T Lima, Jorge G Ferreira","doi":"10.1080/19491034.2024.2330947","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19491034.2024.2330947","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cellular behavior is continuously influenced by mechanical forces. These forces span the cytoskeleton and reach the nucleus, where they trigger mechanotransduction pathways that regulate downstream biochemical events. Therefore, the nucleus has emerged as a regulator of cellular response to mechanical stimuli. Cell cycle progression is regulated by cyclin-CDK complexes. Recent studies demonstrated these biochemical pathways are influenced by mechanical signals, highlighting the interdependence of cellular mechanics and cell cycle regulation. In particular, the transition from G2 to mitosis (G2-M) shows significant changes in nuclear structure and organization, ranging from nuclear pore complex (NPC) and nuclear lamina disassembly to chromosome condensation. The remodeling of these mechanically active nuclear components indicates that mitotic entry is particularly sensitive to forces. Here, we address how mechanical forces crosstalk with the nucleus to determine the timing and efficiency of the G2-M transition. Finally, we discuss how the deregulation of nuclear mechanics has consequences for mitosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":74323,"journal":{"name":"Nucleus (Austin, Tex.)","volume":"15 1","pages":"2330947"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10978034/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140295494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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