{"title":"[A Novel Support Material for MRI Phantom Study].","authors":"Wataru Kawamata, Yasuo Takatsu, Rei Yoshida","doi":"10.6009/jjrt.2024-1512","DOIUrl":"10.6009/jjrt.2024-1512","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>For MRI phantom experiments, when a support such as agar is used to fix a container holding a substance to be measured, difficulties arise, such as the time and effort for support preparation and material changes occurring over time. We specifically examined super absorbent polymer (SAP) and confirmed the usefulness of SAP as a new support for MRI phantoms in terms of measurement and changes over time.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The simplicity of preparing SAP as a support, its influence on the measured values of substances, and its changes over time were compared with those of agar.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to agar, SAP was easier to prepare. The measured values, which were stable over time, were not markedly different from those of agar.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It was suggested that SAP could be useful as a new support in MRI phantom experiments in terms of measurements, procedures, techniques, and handling over time.</p>","PeriodicalId":74309,"journal":{"name":"Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai zasshi","volume":" ","pages":"1135-1144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142482523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Accuracy of Effective Diameter and Water Equivalent Diameter Using Phantoms in Various CT Systems].","authors":"Hajime Ichikawa, Satomi Ito, Kosuke Matsubara, Shota Ichikawa, Toyohiro Kato, Yasuhiro Sawane, Taiki Kato","doi":"10.6009/jjrt.2024-1511","DOIUrl":"10.6009/jjrt.2024-1511","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The effects of scanning parameters such as CT system performance, CT bed geometry, and upper limb position on effective diameter (ED) and water equivalent diameter (WED) have not been assessed. The purpose of this study was to compare both ED and WED obtained with various CT systems with theoretical values and to assess their accuracy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Jaszczak cylindrical phantom (Data Spectrum, Durham, NC, USA), NEMA IEC body phantom (AcroBio, Tokyo), and thoracic bone phantom were used in this study with and without upper limb phantom. The ED, WED, and size-specific dose estimate (SSDE) obtained using 8 types of CT systems were computed using radiation dose control software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The EDs had <5% error for all systems, but the error increased as the aspect ratio of the phantom increased. The accuracy of WED varied depending on the CT systems, with a maximum difference of 3.57 cm between systems. The influence of the upper limb depended on the shape of the bed of the CT systems, which affected the correlation between ED as well as WED and SSDE.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although the ED did not show any dependence on the CT system, the accuracy of WED for fusion CT was low. We found that there are issues in the management of scanning data, including the upper limb.</p>","PeriodicalId":74309,"journal":{"name":"Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai zasshi","volume":" ","pages":"1115-1123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142395782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Effect of Whole-body Continuous Scanning Speed of Bone Scintigraphy on the Detectability of Vertebral Lesions].","authors":"Tetsumaru Kobayashi, Hajime Ichikawa, Toyohiro Kato, Hirotaka Nagura, Syohei Michino, Yoshinao Misu, Hideki Shimada, Yoichi Watanabe","doi":"10.6009/jjrt.2024-1494","DOIUrl":"10.6009/jjrt.2024-1494","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the influence of the scanning speed of whole-body scans on the detectability of positive vertebral bone images in bone scintigraphy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used SIM<sup>2</sup> bone phantom to obtain planar images equivalent to scanning speeds of 15, 17, and 20 cm/min. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis to evaluate lesion detectability and average count (Ct)/pixel, contrast ratio, and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of the normal vertebral body and the simulated tumor site were measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average area under the ROC curves (AUC) was 0.936, 0.929, and 0.915 at speeds of 15, 17, and 20 cm/min, respectively. The average AUC at 20 cm/min was significantly lower than that at 15 cm/min (p<0.05) . However, no other significant differences were found (p=0.448, 0.139). The average Ct/pixel and CNR decreased at 15, 17, and 20 cm/min. The contrast ratio did not change.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results showed that increasing the scan speed from 15 cm/min to 17 cm/min had no effect on the detection of vertebral lesions. Thus, it is possible to reduce the scan time, albeit slightly.</p>","PeriodicalId":74309,"journal":{"name":"Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai zasshi","volume":" ","pages":"1198-1204"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142367753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Evaluation of the Latest Motion Correction Techniques in Periodically Rotated Overlapping ParallEL Lines with Enhanced Reconstruction (PROPELLER) Imaging across Different Vendors].","authors":"Yuma Takahashi, Hironobu Ishikawa, Hitoshi Nemoto, Kengo Yokoshima, Daiki Sasahara, Takanori Naka, Daisuke Oura, Koji Matsumoto, Kosaku Saotome","doi":"10.6009/jjrt.2024-1520","DOIUrl":"10.6009/jjrt.2024-1520","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the robustness of the latest periodically rotated overlapping parallel lines with enhanced reconstruction (PROPELLER) technology from each vendor against head movements and to investigate their characteristics for effective clinical use.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using a phantom simulating the T2-weighted image of the human brain, images were acquired with devices from CANON MEDICAL SYSTEMS (Tochigi, Japan; hereinafter \"Canon\"), GE HealthCare (Chicago, IL, USA; hereinafter \"GE\"), Philips (Amsterdam, Netherlands), and Siemens Healthineers (Forchheim, Germany; hereinafter \"SIEMENS\"). The head motion patterns were divided into rotation angle dependency (single rotation and multiple rotations) and rotation frequency dependency and evaluated using structural similarity (SSIM).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For rotation angle dependency, Canon was robust against small rotation angles and fine movements. Despite the rotation angle, GE was robust against movements, with deep learning reconstruction (DLR) improving correction functionality. Philips could be used with compressed sensitivity encoding (CS), and robustness varied with blade width. SIEMENS was robust against large movements. For rotation frequency dependency, results were similar across the 4 vendors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The rotation angle and rotation frequency dependencies of the PROPELLER technology from the 4 vendors were quantitatively evaluated. Understanding the characteristics of PROPELLER allows for the possibility of providing diagnostic-quality images even for patients who move during head MRI exams by appropriately using PROPELLER.</p>","PeriodicalId":74309,"journal":{"name":"Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai zasshi","volume":" ","pages":"1155-1164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142482524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tatsuya Kamima, Kana Akashi, Shiori Watanabe, Fumiyasu Matsubayashi, Rie Tachibana, Yasushi Ito
{"title":"[A Comparison of Tumor Respiratory Motion Evaluation Methods Using Dynamic Thorax Motion Phantom].","authors":"Tatsuya Kamima, Kana Akashi, Shiori Watanabe, Fumiyasu Matsubayashi, Rie Tachibana, Yasushi Ito","doi":"10.6009/jjrt.2024-1500","DOIUrl":"10.6009/jjrt.2024-1500","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>We evaluated the measurement accuracy and time efficiency of the tumor respiratory motion evaluation methods using a dynamic thorax motion phantom.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 12 patterns of 4DCT images with different tumor displacements and artifacts were used for the measurement. Three methods were employed to measure tumor motion. The first method was the manual delineation of the tumor on each phase CT image with a treatment planning system (RTPS [Manual]). The second method was the automatic delineation of the tumor structure by deformation and copying (RTPS [Auto]). The third method was tumor motion analysis software (Simple 4D Analysis Ver.1.3.1 [Simple 4D]; Triangle Products, Chiba, Japan). For each method, the difference between the phantom motion and the measured value was determined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The differences (mean±standard deviation: SD) in the superior-inferior direction for RTPS (Manual), RTPS (Auto), and Simple 4D in the without-artifact images were -0.6 mm±0.6 mm, -5.0 mm±2.2 mm, and -1.0 mm±0.0 mm, respectively. The difference in the left-right and anterior-posterior directions was within 1 mm for all methods. Furthermore, the time required for Simple 4D was shorter than for the other methods.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Simple 4D showed the comparable measurement accuracy and improvement time efficiency to RTPS (Manual) and RTPS (Auto), and was useful for tumor respiratory motion analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":74309,"journal":{"name":"Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai zasshi","volume":" ","pages":"1124-1134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142482522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Effects of Subject Position on Metal Artifact Reduction of a Reverse Shoulder Prosthesis Using Computed Tomography].","authors":"Tetsuya Ijichi, Nariaki Tabata, Yuna Kawahara, Asami Obata, Masaya Tominaga, Hironori Nakamura, Toshirou Inoue","doi":"10.6009/jjrt.2024-1456","DOIUrl":"10.6009/jjrt.2024-1456","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To validate the effects of subject position on single energy metal artifact reduction (SEMAR) of a reverse shoulder prosthesis using computed tomography (CT).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A water phantom with a reverse shoulder prosthesis was scanned at four positions on the XY plane of the CT gantry (on-center, 50 mm, 100 mm, and 150 mm from on-center in the negative direction of the X axis, respectively). We obtained images with and without SEMAR. The artifact index (AI) was measured via physical assessment. Scheffé's (Ura) paired comparison methods were performed with the amount of metal artifact by ten radiological technologists via visual assessment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The AI was significantly reduced when using SEMAR. As the phantom moved away from the on-center position, the AI increased, and metal artifacts increased in Scheffé's methods.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SEMAR reduces metal artifacts of a reverse shoulder prosthesis, but metal artifacts may increase as the subject position moves away from the on-center position.</p>","PeriodicalId":74309,"journal":{"name":"Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai zasshi","volume":" ","pages":"1165-1174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141082960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Noise Characteristics of Summary Maps for Brain CT Perfusion: A Simulation Study Using a Digital Phantom and Clinical Images].","authors":"Hiroshi Iimura, Tatsuya Maruyama, Kazufumi Suzuki","doi":"10.6009/jjrt.2024-1503","DOIUrl":"10.6009/jjrt.2024-1503","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Cerebral CT perfusion (CTP) summary maps classify the ischemic core, penumbra, and normal tissue from traditional parametric maps, which is a criterion for indicating thrombectomy. Since perfusion maps change when the CTP radiation dose is reduced, summary maps also might change. This study aimed to assess the noise characteristics of a summary map in simulation experiments.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We added various amounts of noise to a digital phantom and clinical CTPs, used Vitrea (Canon Medical Systems, Tochigi, Japan) to perform perfusion analysis, and assessed the relationship between the noise and cerebral blood volume (CBV), time to maximum (Tmax), and ischemic core and penumbra volumes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>As the noise increased, the obtained CBV increased, the obtained Tmax shortened, and the obtained ischemic core and penumbra volumes decreased, which depended on the tissue's CBV and Tmax.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Under low-dose conditions, the ischemic core and penumbra volumes decreased, so the criteria for thrombectomy may differ from those for standard doses.</p>","PeriodicalId":74309,"journal":{"name":"Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai zasshi","volume":" ","pages":"1145-1154"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142514227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Feasibility of Adapting Various Tumor-to-normal Bone Ratio Images on an Automatic Quantification Package for Phantom-based Image Quality Assessment in Bone SPECT].","authors":"Toyohiro Kato, Hajime Ichikawa, Kazunori Kawakami, Tetsuo Hosoya, Tomoya Banno, Taiki Kato, Satomi Ito","doi":"10.6009/jjrt.2024-1497","DOIUrl":"10.6009/jjrt.2024-1497","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We investigated the impact of the tumor-to-normal bone ratio (TNR) on the concordance rate between a detectability score classified by software (DS<sub>soft</sub>) using an automatic quantification package for bone SPECT (Hone Graph) and a detectability score classified by visual assessment (DS<sub>visual</sub>), and considered the feasibility of applying this software to various TNR images. <sup>99m</sup>Tc solution was filled into a SIM<sup>2</sup> bone phantom to achieve TNRs of 4, 6, and 8, performed by dynamic SPECT acquisitions performed for 12 minutes; reconstructions were performed using ordered subset expectation maximization at timepoints ranging from 4 to 12 minutes. This yielded a total of 384 lesions (96 SPECT images). We investigated the weighted kappa (κ<sub>w</sub>) coefficient between DS<sub>soft</sub> and DS<sub>visual</sub> at various TNRs and evaluated the change in analysis accuracy before and after applying newly created analysis parameters. DSs were defined on a 4-point scale (4: excellent, 3: adequate, 2: average, 1: poor), and visual evaluations were conducted by three board-certified nuclear medicine technologists. The κ<sub>w</sub> coefficients between DS<sub>soft</sub> and DS<sub>visual</sub> were 0.75, 0.97, and 0.93 for TNRs 4, 6, and 8, respectively, with each κ<sub>w</sub> coefficient being significant (p<0.01). In the TNR 4 image group, κ<sub>w</sub> coefficients significantly increased with the implementation of new parameters proposed in this study. We concluded that the software's automatic analysis would be closer to a visual assessment within the TNR range of 4-8 and that applying new parameters derived from this study to images with TNR 4 further improves the software's automatic analysis accuracy of DS<sub>soft</sub>. We suggest that software will be a useful tool for optimizing bone SPECT imaging techniques.</p>","PeriodicalId":74309,"journal":{"name":"Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai zasshi","volume":" ","pages":"1175-1183"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142333952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Multicenter Survey on Phantom Entrance Surface Air Kerma of Angiography and IVR in Japan].","authors":"Ryota Hasegawa, Kazuki Noguchi, Kazuya Takeda, Koushi Sakiyama, Masakazu Sato, Kazuki Maekawa, Toshihiro Hayashi, Osamu Tajima, Hajime Sakamoto, Hisaya Sato, Eiji Ishikawa","doi":"10.6009/jjrt.2024-1483","DOIUrl":"10.6009/jjrt.2024-1483","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>In DRLs 2020, the entrance surface air kerma (Ka,e) was set to 17 mGy/min as the reference dose rate in fluoroscopy. But, Ka,e in fluoroscopy for different regions and Ka,e in exposure was not set. A multicenter survey was conducted to evaluate Ka,e by each area.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ka,e for each area was analyzed for 79 facilities attending this survey (274 machines and 461 protocols). When the protocols were changed by the difference in disease, angiography, or IVR, the difference rate of Ka,e was evaluated. Ka,e before and after modifying the incident air kerma at the patient entrance reference point (Ka,r) and air kerma area product (P<sub>KA</sub>) difference rate were calculated when protocols were changed, considering the DRLs 2020.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were dose differences in Ka,e by each area. Compared to DRLs 2020, 36 protocols from 13 facilities modified their protocols, all of which reduced Ka,e.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although reducing Ka,e does not necessarily reduce Ka,r, and P<sub>KA</sub>, comparison of Ka,e by each area is expected to optimize medical exposure protection, including evaluation of quality control.</p>","PeriodicalId":74309,"journal":{"name":"Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai zasshi","volume":" ","pages":"1046-1055"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142302805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Effect of Brachytherapy Source Dwell Position on Dose Distribution in Cervical Cancer Therapy].","authors":"Tadashi Shimamoto, Hiroki Ooura, Toshiki Ono","doi":"10.6009/jjrt.2024-1420","DOIUrl":"10.6009/jjrt.2024-1420","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the effect of different source dwell positions on dose distribution in the treatment of cervical cancer with brachytherapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Treatment planning data for cervical cancer patients were used. Treatment plans were created at 1 mm intervals, varying up to 5 mm. For intracavitary brachytherapy and intracavitary and interstitial brachytherapy, the following dose parameters were evaluated: 90% high-risk clinical target volume (HR-CTV D<sub>90%</sub>), rectum 2 cm<sup>3</sup> dose (Rectum D<sub>2 cc</sub>), small intestine 2 cm<sup>3</sup> dose (Small D<sub>2 cc</sub>), sigmoid colon 2 cm<sup>3</sup> dose (Sigmoid D<sub>2 cc</sub>), bladder 2 cm<sup>3</sup> dose (Bladder D<sub>2 cc</sub>), point A dose.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In intracavitary brachytherapy, the HR-CTV D<sub>90%</sub>, Rectum D<sub>2 cc</sub>, Small D<sub>2 cc</sub>, and Sigmoid D<sub>2 cc</sub> doses increased as the source dwell position changed in the direction. On the other hand, the dose of Bladder D<sub>2 cc</sub> increased when the source position changed in the outward direction. The same trend was observed in the case of intracavitary and interstitial brachytherapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It was shown that a 1 mm change in the source dwell position can affect the dose by up to 2% or more. The accuracy of the source dwell position is very important and should be checked before using the device.</p>","PeriodicalId":74309,"journal":{"name":"Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai zasshi","volume":" ","pages":"1037-1045"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142302804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}